Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-06-2007 | Artikelen

De ontwikkeling van executieve functies tussen kindertijd en jongvolwassenheid

Auteur: Mariëtte Huizinga

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 3/2007

Abstract

Voor doelgericht en efficiënt gedrag moet men plannen kunnen maken en deze plannen ook kunnen uitvoeren. Hierbij wordt een beroep gedaan op ‘executieve functies’, zoals werkgeheugen, inhibitie en flexibiliteit. Deze executieve functies maken het mogelijk gedrag te organiseren in nieuwe, onbekende situaties. Uit eerder neurofysiologisch en neurocognitief onderzoek bleek dat executieve functies vooral gerelateerd zijn aan het voorste gedeelte van de hersenen: de prefrontale cortex. Uit het hierna beschreven onderzoek kwam een gedetailleerd patroon naar voren van de ontwikkeling van executieve functies. Het bleek dat deze al tijdens de kindertijd van elkaar te onderscheiden zijn en ieder een eigen ontwikkelingsverloop hebben, sommige zelfs tot ver in de adolescentie. De veronderstelling is dat het langdurige ontwikkelingsverloop van executieve functies samenhangt met de relatief trage rijping van de prefrontale cortex. Dit impliceert dat aan adolescenten niet dezelfde eisen kunnen worden gesteld als aan volwassenen. Bovendien zijn deze resultaten belangrijk bij de diagnostiek van, en interventies bij, stoornissen die zijn gerelateerd aan problemen met executieve functies, zoals adhd, autisme, schizofrenie en verslaving.

vorige artikel Cholesterol: nieuw therapeutisch target bij de ziekte van Alzheimer?

volgende artikel Stressgenen en genetische variaties: implicaties voor hersenfuncties

Amso, D. & Casey, B.J. (2006). Beyond what develops when ’ Neuroimaging may inform how cognition changes with development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15(1), 24–29.

Anderson, S.W., Damasio, H., Jones, R.D. & Tranel, D. (1991). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance as a measure of frontal lobe damage. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 13(6), 909–922.

Aron, A.R., Robbins, T.W. & Poldrack, R.A. (2004). Inhibition and the right inferior frontal cortex. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8(4), 170–177.

Baddeley, A. (1986). Working memory. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Barceló, F. & Knight, R.T. (2002). Both random and perspective errors underlie wcst deficits in prefrontal patients. Neuropsychologia, 40(3), 349–356.

Bayliss, D.M., Jarrold, C., Gunn, D.M. & Baddeley, A.D. (2003). The complexities of complex span: Explaining individual differences in working memory in children and adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General, 132(1), 71–92.

Blair, C. (2003). Behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation in young children: Relations with self-regulation and adaptation to preschool in children attending head start. Developmental Psychobiology, 42(3), 301–311.

Bull, R., Espy, K.A. & Senn, T.E. (2004). A comparison of performance on the Towers of London and Hanoi in young children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(4), 743–754.

Bunge, S.A., Dudukovic, N.M., Thomason, M.E., Vaidya, C.J. & Gabrieli, J.D.E. (2002). Development of frontal lobe contributions to cognitive control in children: Evidence from fmri. Neuron, 33, 301–311.

Case, R. (1985). Intellectual development: Birth to adulthood. New York: Academic Press.

Casey, B.J., Tottenham, N., Liston, C. & Durston, S. (2005). Imaging the developing brain: what have we learned about cognitive development? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(3), 104–110.

Cepeda, N.J., Kramer, A.F. & Gonzalez de Sather, J.C.M. (2001). Changes in executive control across the life span: Examination of task-switching performance. Developmental-Psychology, 37(5), 715–730.

Chelune, G.J. & Baer, R.A. (1986). Developmental norms for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 8(3), 219–228.

Cowan, N. (1998). Visual and auditory working memory capacity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(3), 77–78.

Cowan, N., Saults, J.S. & Elliott, E.M. (2002). The search for what is fundamental in the development of working memory. In Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Vol 29 (Vol. 29, pp. 1–49).

Crone, E.A., Bunge, S.A., Van der Molen, M.W. & Ridderinkhof, K.R. (2006). Switching between tasks and responses: A developmental study. Developmental Science, 7(4), 443–455.

Crone, E.A., Donohue, S.E., Honomichl, R., Wendelken, C. & Bunge, S.A. (2006). Brain regions mediating flexible rule use during development. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(43), 11239–11247.

Crone, E.A., Ridderinkhof, K.R., Worm, M., Somsen, R.J.M. & Van der Molen, M.W. (2004). Switching between spatial stimulus-response mappings: a developmental study of cognitive flexibility. Developmental Science, 7(4), 443–455.

Dempster, F.N. (1992). The rise and fall of the inhibitory mechanism: Toward a unified theory of cognitive development and aging. Developmental Review, 12(1), 45–75.

Diamond, A. (2002). Normal development of prefrontal cortex from birth to young adulthood: Cognitive functions, anatomy, and biochemistry. In D.T. Stuss & R.T. Knight (eds.), Principles of frontal lobe function (pp. 466–503). New York: Oxford University Press.

Eslinger, P.J., Flaherty-Craig, C.V. & Benton, A.L. (2004). Developmental outcomes after early prefrontal cortex damage. Brain and Cognition, 55(1), 84–103.

Flavell, J.H. (1971). First discussant's comments: What is memory development the development of. Human Development, 14, 272–278.

Gathercole, S.E., Pickering, S.J., Ambridge, B. & Wearing, H. (2004). The structure of working memory from 4 to 15 years of age. Developmental Psychology, 40(2), 177–190.

Goel, V. & Grafman, J. (1995). Are the frontal lobes implicated in planning functions ’ interpreting data from the Tower of Hanoi. Neuropsychologia, 33(5), 623–642.

Grant, D.A. & Berg, E.A. (1948). A behavioral analysis of degree of reinforcement and ease of shifting to new responses in a Weigl-type card sorting problem. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 34, 404–411.

Heaton, R.K., Chelune, G.J., Talley, J.L., Kay, G.G. & Curtis, G. (1993). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Manual, Revised and Expended. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources.

Hill, E.L. & Frith, U. (2003). Understanding autism: insights from mind and brain. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 358(1430), 281–289.

Huizinga, M., Dolan, C.V. & Van der Molen, M.W. (2006). Age-related change in executive function: Developmental trends and a latent variable analysis. Neuropsychologia, 44(11), 2017–2036.

Huizinga, M. & Van der Molen, M.W. (2007a). Development of set-switching and set-maintenance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task. Developmental Neuropsychology, geaccepteerd.

Huizinga, M. & Van der Molen, M.W. (2007b). Age-related change in switching from color to shape, and from stopping to going. Manuscript ter publicatie aangeboden.

Kimberg, D.Y., D’Esposito, M. & Farah, M.J. (1997). Cognitive functions in the prefrontal cortex’Working memory and executive control. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 6(6), 185–192.

Lehto, J.H., Juujaervi, P., Kooistra, L. & Pulkkinen, L. (2003). Dimensions of executive functioning: Evidence from children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 59–80.

Logan, G.D. & Cowan, W.B. (1984). On the ability to inhibit thought and action: A theory of an act of control. Psychological Review, 91(3), 295–327.

Luna, B., Garver, K.E., Urban, T.A., Lazar, N.A. & Sweeney, J.A. (2004). Maturation of cognitive processes from late childhood to adulthood. Child Development, 75(5), 1357–1372.

Miller, E.K. & Cohen, J.D. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 167-202.

Miyake, A., Friedman, N.P., Emerson, M.J., Witzki, A.H., Howerter, A. & Wager, T.D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex ‘frontal lobe’ tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41(1), 49–100.

Monsell, S. (2003). Task switching. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(3), 134–140.

Narayanan, N.S., Prabhakaran, V., Bunge, S.A., Christoff, K., Fine, E.M. & Gabrieli, J. D.E. (2005). The role of the prefrontal cortex in the maintenance of verbal working memory: An event-related fmri analysis. Neuropsychology, 19(2), 223–232.

Newman, S.D., Carpenter, P.A., Varma, S. & Just, M.A. (2003). Frontal and parietal participation in problem solving in the Tower of London: fmri and computational modeling of planning and high-level perception. Neuropsychologia, 41(12), 1668–1682.

Rabbitt, P.M.A., Lowe, C. & Shilling, V. (2001). Frontal tests and models for cognitive ageing. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 13(1–2), 5–28.

Rubinstein, J.S., Meyer, D.E. & Evans, J.E. (2001). Executive control of cognitive processes in task switching. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance, 27(4), 763–797.

Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments in planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 298, 199–209.

Shallice, T. & Burgess, P.W. (1991). Deficits in strategy application following frontal-lobe damage in man. Brain, 114, 727–741.

Siegler, R.S. (1983). Information processing approaches to development. In W. Kessen & P.H. Mussen (eds.), Handbook of child psychology (Vol. 1 History, theory, and methods, pp. 129–211). New York: Wiley.

Simon, H.A. (1975). The functional equivalence of problem solving skills. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 268–288.

Stuss, D.T. (1992). Biological and psychological development of executive functions. Brain and Cognition, 20(1), 8–23.

Stuss, D.T. (2006). Frontal lobes and attention: Processes and networks, fractionation and integration. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 12(2), 261–271.

Stuss, D.T., Levine, B., Alexander, M.P., Hong, J., Palumbo, C., Hamer, L., et al. (2000). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in patients with focal frontal and posterior brain damage: Effects of lesion location and test structure on separable cognitive processes. Neuropsychologia, 38(4), 388–402.

Swanson, H.L. (2006). Cognitive processes that underlie mathematical precociousness in young children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 93(3), 239–264.

Van den Wildenberg, W.P.M. & Van der Molen, M.W. (2004). Developmental trends in simple and selective inhibition of compatible and incompatible responses. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 87(3), 201–220.

Welsh, M.C. (2002). Developmental and clinical variations in executive functions. In D.L. Molfese & V.J. Molfese (eds.), Developmental variations in learning: Applications to social, executive function, language, and reading skills. (pp. 139–185). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Welsh, M.C. & Huizinga, M. (2001). The development and preliminary validation of the Tower of Hanoi-Revised. Assessment, 8(2), 167–176.

Welsh, M.C. & Huizinga, M. (2005). Tower of Hanoi disk-transfer task: Influences of strategy knowledge and learning on performance. Learning and Individual Differences, 15(4), 283–298.

Welsh, M.C., Pennington, B.F. & Groisser, D.B. (1991). A normative-developmental study of executive function: A window on prefrontal function in children. Developmental Neuropsychology, 7(2), 131–149.

Williams, B.R., Ponesse, J.S., Schachar, R.J., Logan, G.D. & Tannock, R. (1999). Development of inhibitory control across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 35(1), 205–213.

Zelazo, P.D., Muller, U., Frye, D. & Marcovitch, S. (2003). The development of executive function: Cognitive complexity and control’revised. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 68(3), 93–119.

Titel: De ontwikkeling van executieve functies tussen kindertijd en jongvolwassenheid
Auteur: Mariëtte Huizinga
Publicatiedatum: 01-06-2007
Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis / Uitgave 3/2007
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03079129

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2007

Artikelen

Grote namen

Woorden vooraf

Cholesterol: nieuw therapeutisch target bij de ziekte van Alzheimer?

Trillende stem, bloeiende leugen: over stemanalyse als vorm van leugendetectie

Stressgenen en genetische variaties: implicaties voor hersenfuncties