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Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis 4/2015

01-08-2015 | Artikel

De IQ-score in twijfel getrokken: Evolutie naar een multidimensioneel cognitief vaardigheidsprofiel

Een illustratie uit de forensische psychiatrie

Auteurs: K. Uzieblo, P. Habets, I. Jeandarme

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 4/2015

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Samenvatting

Een foutieve of ontoereikende inschatting van het intellectueel functioneren kan verstrekkende gevolgen hebben binnen de forensische context. Niet zelden worden beschermings- en strafmaatregelen afgestemd op de intellectuele vaardigheden van de pleger. Een kwalitatieve bepaling van dit functioneren is dan ook van groot belang. Dit blijkt echter geen vanzelfsprekend gegeven te zijn. Een recente studie naar de stabiliteit van herhaalde IQ-metingen bij Vlaamse forensische patiënten (n = 176) (Habets et al., J Appl Res Intellect Disabil., 2014) geeft aan dat verschillende intelligentietesten en herhaalde metingen van eenzelfde intelligentietest niet steeds gelijkaardige resultaten opleveren. Scores verkregen op basis van intelligentietesten blijken dus niet zonder meer inwisselbaar te zijn. De huidige studie beoogt een kritische blik te werpen op de waarde van deze intelligentiemetingen en op de recente ontwikkelingen binnen dit veld. Meer specifiek worden de mogelijke oorzaken van de instabiliteit van IQ-scores besproken. Aansluitend worden de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen aangaande de diagnostiek van het intellectueel functioneren uiteengezet. Een gewijzigd denkkader treedt de laatste jaren immers meer en meer op de voorgrond, waarbinnen de klemtoon stelselmatig van een IQ-score naar het in kaart brengen van een breed cognitief vaardigheidsprofiel en het adaptief functioneren verschuift.
Voetnoten
1
In deDSM 5 werd de term ‘verstandelijke beperking’ of ‘mentale retardatie’ vervangen door ‘een tekort in het intellectueel functioneren of een intellectuele disfunctie (Intellectual Disability)’. In dit artikel is er daarom voor gekozen om deze nieuwe benaming te hanteren.
 
2
De WAIS-III is de derde herziene versie van de WAIS.
 
3
Dit zijn de algemene categorieën zoals gebruikt in de DSM-IV TR.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
De IQ-score in twijfel getrokken: Evolutie naar een multidimensioneel cognitief vaardigheidsprofiel
Een illustratie uit de forensische psychiatrie
Auteurs
K. Uzieblo
P. Habets
I. Jeandarme
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2015
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Neuropraxis / Uitgave 4/2015
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12474-015-0095-y

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