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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 1/2004

01-02-2004 | Artikelen

De immunologie van coeliakie

Auteur: F. Koning

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 1/2004

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Samenvatting

Coeliakie is een ziekte van de dunne darm die het gevolg is van een intolerantie voor gluten. Gluten is een heterogeen mengsel van eiwitten afkomstig uit granen, gliadinen en gluteninen genaamd. Van deze moleculen bestaan vele varianten die in allerlei combinaties in tarwesoorten te vinden zijn. In elke tarwesoort komen daarom tussen de 50 en 100 verschillende glutenmoleculen voor. Meer dan 90% van de coeliakiepatiënten is hla-dq2-positief en de rest is meestal hla-dq8-positief. In de darm van coeliakiepatiënten zijn T-cellen aanwezig die reageren op van gluten afkomstige fragmenten (peptiden) die aan hla-dq2 of -dq8 gebonden zijn. De stimulatie van deze T-cellen leidt tot de secretie van inflammatoire cytokinen en deze T-celreacties worden dan ook verondersteld de ziekte te veroorzaken. Er is nu een hele serie van gliadine en glutenine afkomstige peptiden gekarakteriseerd die T-cellen uit de dunne darm van coeliakiepatiënten kunnen stimuleren. Er is bovendien gevonden dat zulke peptiden gemodificeerd kunnen worden door het enzym weefseltransglutaminase (ttg) en dat dit de T-celreactie op deze glutenpeptiden versterkt. In dit artikel worden de recente doorbraken in het onderzoek naar het ontstaan van coeliakie beschreven en wordt bediscussieerd hoe dit op termijn tot alternatieven voor de patiënt zal leiden.
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Metagegevens
Titel
De immunologie van coeliakie
Auteur
F. Koning
Publicatiedatum
01-02-2004
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 1/2004
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03061528

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