Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

19-04-2017 | Original Paper

Concurrent Validity of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in an Indigenous Pre-School Population

Auteurs: Paula Kersten, Alain C. Vandal, Hinemoa Elder, Robyn Tauroa, Kathryn M. McPherson

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 8/2017

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

The strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) is a frequently used tool for universal screening of pre-schoolers’ behavioural and emotional problems. However, evidence for its concurrent validity is equivocal and has not been tested in a Māori population. We aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) in Māori pre-schoolers (tamariki), aged 4 and 5. We carried out a prospective study of 225 tamariki (46% female) for whom a recent SDQ was available from the New Zealand Ministry of Health’s Before School Check database. A trained nurse carried out a standardised wellbeing and behavioural assessment for these children. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values were calculated, using optimal total difficulty scale threshold values published for the SDQ (parent version SDQ-P; teacher version SDQ-T). Primary outcome: an assessment-based child referral to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services or to a Paediatric outpatient service. Secondary outcomes: assessment-based parental referral to a parenting programme and combined referral. The optimal thresholds for child referral were low for the SDQ-P (13) and SDQ-T (7). Child referral SDQ-P: sensitivity 62%, specificity 83%, positive predictive value 0.35, negative predictive value 0.94. Child referral SDQ-T: sensitivity 77%, specificity 78%, positive predictive value 0.31, negative predictive value 0.96. The findings demonstrate optimal threshold values for referral for Māori on the SDQ-P and SDQ-T are much lower when compared to published thresholds (17 vs. 16). Sensitivity values were also low. A surveillance approach for the assessment of psychosocial problems is recommended for pre-schoolers.
Literatuur
go back to reference Bekker, J., Bruck, D., & Sciberras, E. (2013). Congruent validity of the strength and difficulties questionnaire to screen for comorbidities in children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 20, 1–11. Bekker, J., Bruck, D., & Sciberras, E. (2013). Congruent validity of the strength and difficulties questionnaire to screen for comorbidities in children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 20, 1–11.
go back to reference Bierman, K. L., Coie, J., Dodge, K., Greenberg, M., Lochman, J., McMohan, R., Pinderhughes, E., Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., Greenberg, M. T., Lochman, J. E., & McMahon, R. J. (2013). School Outcomes of aggressive-disruptive children: Prediction from kindergarten risk factors and impact of the fast track prevention program. Aggressive Behavior, 39(2), 114–130.CrossRef Bierman, K. L., Coie, J., Dodge, K., Greenberg, M., Lochman, J., McMohan, R., Pinderhughes, E., Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., Greenberg, M. T., Lochman, J. E., & McMahon, R. J. (2013). School Outcomes of aggressive-disruptive children: Prediction from kindergarten risk factors and impact of the fast track prevention program. Aggressive Behavior, 39(2), 114–130.CrossRef
go back to reference Blair, M., & Hall, D. (2006). From health surveillance to health promotion: the changing focus in preventive children’s services. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 91(9), 730–735.CrossRef Blair, M., & Hall, D. (2006). From health surveillance to health promotion: the changing focus in preventive children’s services. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 91(9), 730–735.CrossRef
go back to reference Bramley, D., Hebert, P., Tuzzio, L., & Chassin, M. (2005). Disparities in indigenous health: A cross-country comparison between New Zealand and the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 95(5), 844–850.CrossRef Bramley, D., Hebert, P., Tuzzio, L., & Chassin, M. (2005). Disparities in indigenous health: A cross-country comparison between New Zealand and the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 95(5), 844–850.CrossRef
go back to reference Child Youth and Family (2011). An interagency guide. Working together to keep children and young people safe. Child Youth and Family (2011). An interagency guide. Working together to keep children and young people safe.
go back to reference Doughty, C. (2005). The effectiveness of mental health promotion, prevention and early intervention in children, adolescents and adults. NZHTA Report. Doughty, C. (2005). The effectiveness of mental health promotion, prevention and early intervention in children, adolescents and adults. NZHTA Report.
go back to reference Eivers, A. R., Brendgen, M., & Borge, A. I. H. (2010). Stability and change in prosocial and antisocial behavior across the transition to school: Teacher and peer perspectives. Early Education and Development, 21(6), 843–864.CrossRef Eivers, A. R., Brendgen, M., & Borge, A. I. H. (2010). Stability and change in prosocial and antisocial behavior across the transition to school: Teacher and peer perspectives. Early Education and Development, 21(6), 843–864.CrossRef
go back to reference Elder, H., & Kersten, P. (2015). Whakawhiti kōrero, a method for the development of a cultural assessment tool, Te Waka Kuaka, in Māori traumatic brain injury. Behavioural Neurology, 2015, 137402. Elder, H., & Kersten, P. (2015). Whakawhiti kōrero, a method for the development of a cultural assessment tool, Te Waka Kuaka, in Māori traumatic brain injury. Behavioural Neurology, 2015, 137402.
go back to reference Elder, H., Kersten, P., McPherson, K., Dawson, L., Harrison, H., Harrison, J., & Poulter, A. (2016). Making time: Deeper connection, fuller stories, best practice. Annals of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4(6), 1079. Elder, H., Kersten, P., McPherson, K., Dawson, L., Harrison, H., Harrison, J., & Poulter, A. (2016). Making time: Deeper connection, fuller stories, best practice. Annals of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4(6), 1079.
go back to reference Ezpeleta, L., Granero, R., de la Osa, N., Penelo, E., & Domènech, J. M. (2012). Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (3-4) in 3-year-old preschoolers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54(3), 282–291.CrossRef Ezpeleta, L., Granero, R., de la Osa, N., Penelo, E., & Domènech, J. M. (2012). Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (3-4) in 3-year-old preschoolers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54(3), 282–291.CrossRef
go back to reference Fujiwara, T., Kato, N., & Sanders, M. R. (2011). Effectiveness of group positive parenting program (Triple P) in changing child behavior, parenting style, and parental adjustment: An intervention study in Japan. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(6), 804–813.CrossRef Fujiwara, T., Kato, N., & Sanders, M. R. (2011). Effectiveness of group positive parenting program (Triple P) in changing child behavior, parenting style, and parental adjustment: An intervention study in Japan. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(6), 804–813.CrossRef
go back to reference Goodman, A., & Goodman, R. (2009). Strengths and difficulties questionnaire as a dimensional measure of child mental health. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(4), 400–403.CrossRef Goodman, A., & Goodman, R. (2009). Strengths and difficulties questionnaire as a dimensional measure of child mental health. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(4), 400–403.CrossRef
go back to reference Goodman, A., & Goodman, R. (2011). Population mean scores predict child mental disorder rates: Validating SDQ prevalence estimators in Britain. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 52(1), 100–108.CrossRef Goodman, A., & Goodman, R. (2011). Population mean scores predict child mental disorder rates: Validating SDQ prevalence estimators in Britain. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 52(1), 100–108.CrossRef
go back to reference Goodman, A., Heiervang, E., Fleitlich-Bilyk, B., Alyahri, A., Patel, V., Mullick, M. S. I., Slobodskaya, H., Dos Santos, D. N., & Goodman, R. (2012). Cross-national differences in questionnaires do not necessarily reflect comparable differences in disorder prevalence. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 47(8), 1321–1331.CrossRef Goodman, A., Heiervang, E., Fleitlich-Bilyk, B., Alyahri, A., Patel, V., Mullick, M. S. I., Slobodskaya, H., Dos Santos, D. N., & Goodman, R. (2012). Cross-national differences in questionnaires do not necessarily reflect comparable differences in disorder prevalence. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 47(8), 1321–1331.CrossRef
go back to reference Goodman, R. (1997). The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A research note. Journal of CHild Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 38(5), 581–586.CrossRef Goodman, R. (1997). The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A research note. Journal of CHild Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 38(5), 581–586.CrossRef
go back to reference Goodman, R. (2001). Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(11), 1337–1345.CrossRef Goodman, R. (2001). Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(11), 1337–1345.CrossRef
go back to reference Goodman, R., Ford, T., Corbin, T., & Meltzer, H. (2004). Using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) multi-informant algorithm to screen looked-after children for psychiatric disorders. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 13(2), II/25–II/31. Goodman, R., Ford, T., Corbin, T., & Meltzer, H. (2004). Using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) multi-informant algorithm to screen looked-after children for psychiatric disorders. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 13(2), II/25–II/31.
go back to reference Goodman, R., Renfrew, D., & Mullick, M. (2000). Predicting type of psychiatric disorder from strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) scores in child mental health clinics in London and Dhaka. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 9(2), 129–134.CrossRef Goodman, R., Renfrew, D., & Mullick, M. (2000). Predicting type of psychiatric disorder from strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) scores in child mental health clinics in London and Dhaka. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 9(2), 129–134.CrossRef
go back to reference Hedley, C., Thompson, S., Morris Mathews, K., Pentecost, M., Wivell, J., Stockdale Frost, A., & Morris, H. (2012). The B4 school check behaviour measures: Findings from the Hawkes’ bay evaluation. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 28(3), 13–23. Hedley, C., Thompson, S., Morris Mathews, K., Pentecost, M., Wivell, J., Stockdale Frost, A., & Morris, H. (2012). The B4 school check behaviour measures: Findings from the Hawkes’ bay evaluation. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 28(3), 13–23.
go back to reference Kersten, P., Czuba, K., McPherson, K., Dudley, M., Elder, H., Tauroa, R., & Vandal, A. (2016a). A systematic review of evidence for the psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 40(1), 64–75.CrossRef Kersten, P., Czuba, K., McPherson, K., Dudley, M., Elder, H., Tauroa, R., & Vandal, A. (2016a). A systematic review of evidence for the psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 40(1), 64–75.CrossRef
go back to reference Kersten, P., Dudley, M., Nayar, S., Elder, H., Robertson, H., Tauroa, R., & McPherson, K. M. (2016b). Cross-cultural acceptability and utility of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: Views of families. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), 347.CrossRef Kersten, P., Dudley, M., Nayar, S., Elder, H., Robertson, H., Tauroa, R., & McPherson, K. M. (2016b). Cross-cultural acceptability and utility of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: Views of families. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), 347.CrossRef
go back to reference Kim-Cohen, J., Arseneault, L., Newcombe, R., Adams, F., Bolton, H., Cant, L., Delgado, K., Freeman, J., Golaszewski, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2009). Five-year predictive validity of DSM-IV conduct disorder research diagnosis in 41/2-5-year-old children. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 18(5), 284–291.CrossRef Kim-Cohen, J., Arseneault, L., Newcombe, R., Adams, F., Bolton, H., Cant, L., Delgado, K., Freeman, J., Golaszewski, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2009). Five-year predictive validity of DSM-IV conduct disorder research diagnosis in 41/2-5-year-old children. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 18(5), 284–291.CrossRef
go back to reference Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H., Milne, B. J., & Poulton, R. (2003). Prior juvenile diagnoses in adults with mental disorder: Developmental follow-back of a prospective-longitudinal cohort. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(7), 709–717.CrossRef Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H., Milne, B. J., & Poulton, R. (2003). Prior juvenile diagnoses in adults with mental disorder: Developmental follow-back of a prospective-longitudinal cohort. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(7), 709–717.CrossRef
go back to reference King, M., Smith, A., & Gracey, M. (2009). Indigenous health part 2: the underlying causes of the health gap. The Lancet, 374, 76–85.CrossRef King, M., Smith, A., & Gracey, M. (2009). Indigenous health part 2: the underlying causes of the health gap. The Lancet, 374, 76–85.CrossRef
go back to reference Lakes, K. D., Vargas, D., Riggs, M., Schmidt, J., & Baird, M. (2011). Parenting intervention to reduce attention and behavior difficulties in preschoolers: A CUIDAR evaluation study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(5), 648–659.CrossRef Lakes, K. D., Vargas, D., Riggs, M., Schmidt, J., & Baird, M. (2011). Parenting intervention to reduce attention and behavior difficulties in preschoolers: A CUIDAR evaluation study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(5), 648–659.CrossRef
go back to reference Lumley, T. (2012). Survey: Analysis of complex survey samples. R package version 3.28-2. Lumley, T. (2012). Survey: Analysis of complex survey samples. R package version 3.28-2.
go back to reference Mathai, J., Anderson, P., & Bourne, A. (2004). Comparing psychiatric diagnoses generated by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire with diagnoses made by clinicians. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38(8), 639–643.CrossRef Mathai, J., Anderson, P., & Bourne, A. (2004). Comparing psychiatric diagnoses generated by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire with diagnoses made by clinicians. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38(8), 639–643.CrossRef
go back to reference Ministry of Education. (2007). Atawhaingia Te Pa Harakeke: training & professional support manual. Wellington: Ministry of Education. Ministry of Education. (2007). Atawhaingia Te Pa Harakeke: training & professional support manual. Wellington: Ministry of Education.
go back to reference Ministry of Health. (2008). The B4 school check. A handbook for practitioners. Wellington: Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health. (2008). The B4 school check. A handbook for practitioners. Wellington: Ministry of Health.
go back to reference Mokkink, L. B., Terwee, C. B., Patrick, D. L., Alonso, J., Stratford, P. W., Knol, D. L., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2010). The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for health-related patient-reported outcomes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(7), 737–745.CrossRef Mokkink, L. B., Terwee, C. B., Patrick, D. L., Alonso, J., Stratford, P. W., Knol, D. L., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2010). The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for health-related patient-reported outcomes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(7), 737–745.CrossRef
go back to reference Mullick, M. S., & Goodman, R. (2001). Questionnaire screening for mental health problems in Bangladeshi children: a preliminary study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36(2), 94–99.CrossRef Mullick, M. S., & Goodman, R. (2001). Questionnaire screening for mental health problems in Bangladeshi children: a preliminary study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36(2), 94–99.CrossRef
go back to reference Poulou, M. S. (2015). Emotional and behavioural difficulties in preschool. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(2), 225–236.CrossRef Poulou, M. S. (2015). Emotional and behavioural difficulties in preschool. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(2), 225–236.CrossRef
go back to reference Robson, B., & Harris, R. (2007). Hauora: Māori standards of health IV. A study of the years 2000–2005. Wellington: Te Rōpū Rangahau Hauora a Eru Pomare. Robson, B., & Harris, R. (2007). Hauora: Māori standards of health IV. A study of the years 2000–2005. Wellington: Te Rōpū Rangahau Hauora a Eru Pomare.
go back to reference Smith, L. T. (1999). Decolonizing methodologies (9th impression ed.). Dunedin: University of Otago Press. Smith, L. T. (1999). Decolonizing methodologies (9th impression ed.). Dunedin: University of Otago Press.
go back to reference Squires, J., Bricjer, D., Twombly, E., Yockelson, S., Schoen Davis, M., & Kim, Y. (2002). Ages & Stages Questionnaires®: Social-Emotional. Florida: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. Squires, J., Bricjer, D., Twombly, E., Yockelson, S., Schoen Davis, M., & Kim, Y. (2002). Ages & Stages Questionnaires®: Social-Emotional. Florida: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
go back to reference Sveen, T. H., Berg-Nielsen, T. S., Lydersen, S., & Wichstrøm, L. (2013). Detecting psychiatric disorders in preschoolers: Screening with the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(7), 728–736.CrossRef Sveen, T. H., Berg-Nielsen, T. S., Lydersen, S., & Wichstrøm, L. (2013). Detecting psychiatric disorders in preschoolers: Screening with the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(7), 728–736.CrossRef
go back to reference The Advisory Group on Conduct Problems (2009). Conduct problems. Best practice report. The Advisory Group on Conduct Problems (2009). Conduct problems. Best practice report.
go back to reference White, J., Connelly, G., Thompson, L., & Wilson, P. (2013). Assessing wellbeing at school entry using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: Professional perspectives. Educational Research, 55(1), 87–98.CrossRef White, J., Connelly, G., Thompson, L., & Wilson, P. (2013). Assessing wellbeing at school entry using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: Professional perspectives. Educational Research, 55(1), 87–98.CrossRef
go back to reference Williamson, A., Redman, S., Dadds, M., Daniels, J., D’Este, C., Raphael, B., Eades, S., & Skinner, T. (2010). Acceptability of an emotional and behavioural screening tool for children in aboriginal community controlled health services in urban NSW. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44(10), 894–900.CrossRef Williamson, A., Redman, S., Dadds, M., Daniels, J., D’Este, C., Raphael, B., Eades, S., & Skinner, T. (2010). Acceptability of an emotional and behavioural screening tool for children in aboriginal community controlled health services in urban NSW. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44(10), 894–900.CrossRef
go back to reference Wilson, P., Furnivall, J., Barbour, R. S., Connelly, G., Bryce, G., Phin, L., & Stallard, A. (2008). The work of health visitors and school nurses with children with psychological and behavioural problems. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61(4), 445–455.CrossRef Wilson, P., Furnivall, J., Barbour, R. S., Connelly, G., Bryce, G., Phin, L., & Stallard, A. (2008). The work of health visitors and school nurses with children with psychological and behavioural problems. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61(4), 445–455.CrossRef
go back to reference Youden, W. J. (1950). Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer, 3, 32–35.CrossRef Youden, W. J. (1950). Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer, 3, 32–35.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Concurrent Validity of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in an Indigenous Pre-School Population
Auteurs
Paula Kersten
Alain C. Vandal
Hinemoa Elder
Robyn Tauroa
Kathryn M. McPherson
Publicatiedatum
19-04-2017
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 8/2017
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0725-5