Top

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

04-09-2021 | Original Paper

Comparing Early Pragmatics in Typically Developing Children and Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Auteurs: Kay H. Y. Wong, Kathy Y. S. Lee, Sharon C. Y. Tsze, Wilson S. Yu, Iris H.-Y. Ng, Michael C. F. Tong, Thomas Law

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 9/2022

Abstract

This study examined the early pragmatic language skills in typically developing (TD) preschool-age children, children with language impairment (LI) and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two hundred and sixty-two TD children, 73 children with LI, and 16 children with ASD were compared on early pragmatics through direct assessment (DA). Post hoc analysis revealed that children in two clinical groups displayed significant pragmatic language deficits. Children in the ASD group who were older exhibited comparable degree of impairments as their LI peers, suggesting a relatively stagnant development of pragmatic language skills in children with ASD. Findings also supported the use of DA in identifying pragmatic language deficits, which have implications for the adoption of this assessment approach in clinical settings.

vorige artikel Language Matters: The Autism-Spectrum Quotient in English, Mandarin and Bahasa Malaysia

volgende artikel Exploring Sensory Subgroups in Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Development Using Factor Mixture Modelling

Adams, C. (2002). Practitioner review: The assessment of language pragmatics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43(8), 973–987. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00226CrossRefPubMed

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

Andrés-Roqueta, C., & Katsos, N. (2020). A distinction between linguistic and social pragmatics helps the precise characterisation of pragmatic challenges in children with autism spectrum disorders and developmental language disorder. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 63(5), 1494–1508. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00263CrossRefPubMed

Baixauli-Fortea, I., Casas, A. M., Berenguer-Forner, C., Colomer-Diago, C., & Roselló-Miranda, B. (2019). Pragmatic competence of children with autism spectrum disorder. Impact of theory of mind, verbal working memory, ADHD symptoms, and structural language. Applied Neuropsychology Child, 8(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2017.1392861CrossRefPubMed

Bartlett, C. W., Flax, J. F., Fermano, Z., Hare, A., Hou, L., Petrill, S. A., Buyske, S., & Brzustowicz, L. M. (2012). Gene× gene interaction in shared etiology of autism and specific language impairment. Biological Psychiatry, 72(8), 692–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.05.019CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bates, E. (1976). Language and context: The acquisition of pragmatics. NY: Academic Press.

Bishop, D. V. M. (2003). The Children’s Communication Checklist (CCC-2): CCC-2 manual. Psychological Corporation.

Bishop, D. V. M. (2010). Overlaps between autism and language impairment: Phenomimicry or shared etiology? Behavior Genetics, 40(5), 618–629. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-010-9381-xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Blain-Brière, B. P. D., & candidate, Bouchard, C., & Bigras, N. . (2014). The role of executive functions in the pragmatic skills of children age 4–5. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00240CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bohn, M., Zimmermann, L., Call, J., & Tomasello, M. (2018). The social-cognitive basis of infants’ reference to absent entities. Cognition, 177, 41–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.03.024CrossRefPubMed

Botting, N., Riches, N., Gaynor, M., & Morgan, G. (2010). Gesture production and comprehension in children with specific language impairment. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 28(1), 51–69. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151009X482642CrossRefPubMed

Boucher, J. (2012). Research review: Structural language in autistic spectrum disorder–characteristics and causes. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(3), 219–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02508.xCrossRefPubMed

Broekhof, E., Ketelaar, L., Stockmann, L., van Zijp, A., Bos, M. G. N., & Rieffe, C. (2015). The understanding of intentions, desires and beliefs in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(7), 2035–2045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2363-3CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Brosnan, M., Johnson, H., Grawmeyer, B., Chapman, E., & Benton, L. (2015). Emotion recognition in animated compared to human stimuli in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(6), 1785–1796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2338-9CrossRefPubMed

Charman, T., Drew, A., Baird, C., & Baird, G. (2003). Measuring early language development in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (Infant Form). Journal of Child Language, 30(1), 213–236. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000902005482CrossRefPubMed

Choi, B., Shah, P., Rowe, M. L., Nelson, C. A., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2020). Gesture development, caregiver responsiveness, and language and diagnostic outcomes in infants at high and low risk for autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(7), 2556–2572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03980-8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Cook, K. F., Ashton, C. M., Byrne, M. M., Brody, B., Geraci, J., Giesler, R. B., Hanita, M., Souchek, J., & Wray, N. P. (2001). A psychometric analysis of the measurement level of the rating scale, time trade-off, and standard gamble. Social Science & Medicine, 53(10), 1275–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00409-3CrossRef

Cordier, R., Munro, N., Wilkes-Gillan, S., Speyer, R., & Pearce, W. M. (2014). Reliability and validity of the Pragmatics Observational Measure (POM): A new observational measure of pragmatic language for children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(7), 1588–1598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.03.050CrossRefPubMed

Davies, C., Andrés-Roqueta, C., & Norbury, C. F. (2016). Referring expressions and structural language abilities in children with specific language impairment: A pragmatic tolerance account. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 144, 98–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2015.11.011CrossRefPubMed

Delehanty, A. D., Stronach, S., Guthrie, W., Slate, E., & Wetherby, A. M. (2018). Verbal and nonverbal outcomes of toddlers with and without autism spectrum disorder, language delay, and global developmental delay. Autism & Developmental Language Impairments. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941518764764CrossRef

Delehanty, A. D., & Wetherby, A. M. (2021). Rate of communicative gestures and developmental outcomes in toddlers with and without autism spectrum disorder during a home observation. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 30(2), 649–662. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00206CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Di Sante, M., Sylvestre, A., Bouchard, C., & Leblond, J. (2020). Parental behaviors associated with the level of pragmatic language ability among 42-month-old neglected children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 104, 104482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104482CrossRef

Dunn, O. J. (1964). Multiple comparisons using rank sums. Technometrics, 6(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1964.10490181CrossRef

Farmer, M., & Oliver, A. (2005). Assessment of pragmatic difficulties and socio-emotional adjustment in practice. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 40(4), 403–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/13682820400027743CrossRef

Ferrara, M., Camia, M., Cecere, V., Villata, V., Vivenzio, N., Scorza, M., & Padovani, R. (2020). Language and pragmatics across neurodevelopmental disorders: An investigation using the Italian version of CCC-2. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(4), 1295–1309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04358-6CrossRefPubMed

Geurts, H. M., & Embrechts, M. (2008). Language profiles in ASD, SLI, and ADHD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1931–1943. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0587-1CrossRefPubMed

Gibson, J., Adams, C., Lockton, E., & Green, J. (2013). Social communication disorder outside autism? A diagnostic classification approach to delineating pragmatic language impairment, high functioning autism and specific language impairment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(11), 1186–1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12079CrossRefPubMed

Greenslade, K. J., Utter, E. A., & Landa, R. J. (2019). Predictors of pragmatic communication in school-age siblings of children with ASD and low-risk controls. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(4), 1352–1365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3837-xCrossRefPubMed

Hamilton, A. F. (2009). Research review: Goals, intentions and mental states: Challenges for theories of autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50(8), 881–892. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02098.xCrossRefPubMed

Harms, M. B., Martin, A., & Wallace, G. L. (2010). Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: A review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychology Review, 20(3), 290–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-010-9138-6CrossRefPubMed

Hyman, S. L., Levy, S. E., & Myers, S. M. (2020). Identification, evaluation, and management of children with autism spectrum disorder. Pediatrics, 145(1), e20193447. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-3447CrossRefPubMed

Julien, H. M., Finestack, L. H., & Reichle, J. (2019). Requests for communication repair produced by typically developing preschool-age children. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 62(6), 1823–1838. https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_JSLHR-L-18-0402CrossRefPubMed

Kasari, C., Gulsrud, A., Freeman, S., Paparella, T., & Hellemann, G. (2012). Longitudinal follow-up of children with autism receiving targeted interventions on joint attention and play. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(5), 487–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2012.02.019CrossRef

Ketelaars, M. P., & Embrechts, M. T. J. A. (2017). Pragmatic language impairment. In L. Cummings (Ed.), Research in clinical pragmatics (pp. 29–57). Cham: Springer International Publishing.CrossRef

Kruskal, W. H., & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47(260), 583–621. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1952.10483441CrossRef

La Valle, C., Plesa-Skwerer, D., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2020). Comparing the pragmatic speech profiles of minimally verbal and verbally fluent individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(10), 3699–3713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04421-7CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Landa, R. J. (2005). Assessment of social communication skills in preschoolers. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 11(3), 247–252. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrdd.20079CrossRefPubMed

Lawton, K., & Kasari, C. (2012). Teacher-implemented joint attention intervention: Pilot randomized controlled study for preschoolers with autism. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80(4), 687–693. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028506CrossRefPubMed

Lee, K. Y. S., Lee, L. W. T., & Cheung, P. S. P. (1996). Hong Kong Cantonese Receptive Vocabulary Test. The Hong Kong Society for Child Health and Development.

Levinson, S., Eisenhower, A., Bush, H. H., Carter, A. S., & Blacher, J. (2020). Brief report: Predicting social skills from semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic language among young children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(11), 4165–4175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04445-zCrossRefPubMed

Leyfer, O. T., Tager-Flusberg, H., Dowd, M., Tomblin, J. B., & Folstein, S. E. (2008). Overlap between autism and specific language impairment: Comparison of Autism Diagnostic Interview and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule scores. Autism Research, 1(5), 284–296. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.43CrossRefPubMed

Longobardi, E., Lonigro, A., Laghi, F., & O’Neill, D. K. (2017). Pragmatic language development in 18- to 47-month-old Italian children: A study with the language use inventory. First Language, 37(3), 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/0142723716689273CrossRef

Loucas, T., Charman, T., Pickles, A., Simonoff, E., Chandler, S., Meldrum, D., & Baird, G. (2008). Autistic symptomatology and language ability in autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(11), 1184–1192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01951.xCrossRefPubMed

Lüke, C., Ritterfeld, U., Grimminger, A., Liszkowski, U., & Rohlfing, K. J. (2017). Development of pointing gestures in children with typical and delayed language acquisition. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 60(11), 3185–3197. https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_JSLHR-L-16-0129CrossRefPubMed

Luyster, R., Lopez, K., & Lord, C. (2007). Characterizing communicative development in children referred for autism spectrum disorders using the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI). Journal of Child Language, 34(3), 623–654. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000907008094CrossRefPubMed

Manwaring, S. S., Stevens, A. L., Mowdood, A., & Lackey, M. (2018). A scoping review of deictic gesture use in toddlers with or at-risk for autism spectrum disorder. Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 3, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941517751891CrossRef

Manwaring, S. S., Swineford, L., Mead, D. L., Yeh, C.-C., Zhang, Y., & Thurm, A. (2019). The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays. Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 4, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519845545CrossRef

Martin, G. E., Barstein, J., Hornickel, J., Matherly, S., Durante, G., & Losh, M. (2017). Signaling of noncomprehension in communication breakdowns in fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Communication Disorders, 65, 22–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.01.003CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Matthews, D., Biney, H., & Abbot-Smith, K. (2018). Individual differences in children’s pragmatic ability: A review of associations with formal language, social cognition, and executive functions. Language Learning and Development, 14(3), 186–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2018.1455584CrossRef

Mokkink, L. B., Terwee, C. B., Patrick, D. L., Alonso, J., Stratford, P. W., Knol, D. L., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2010). The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for health-related patient-reported outcomes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(7), 737–745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.02.006CrossRefPubMed

Mundy, P. C. (2016). Autism and joint attention: Development, neuroscience, and clinical fundamentals. Guilford Publications.

Noble, K. G., Engelhardt, L. E., Brito, N. H., Mack, L. J., Nail, E. J., Angal, J., Barr, R., Fifer, W. P., & Elliott, A. J. (2015). Socioeconomic disparities in neurocognitive development in the first two years of life. Developmental Psychobiology, 57(5), 535–551. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21303CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Norbury, C. F., & Paul, R. (2015). Disorders of speech, language, and communication. In A. Thapar, D. S. Pine, J. F. Leckman, S. Scott, M. J. Snowling, & E. Taylor (Eds.), Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed., pp. 683–701). John Wiley, UK

Norbury, C. F. (2014). Practitioner review: Social (pragmatic) communication disorder conceptualization, evidence and clinical implications. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55(3), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12154CrossRefPubMed

Norbury, C. F., Gemmell, T., & Paul, R. (2014). Pragmatics abilities in narrative production: A cross-disorder comparison. Journal of Child Language, 41(3), 485–510. https://doi.org/10.1017/S030500091300007XCrossRefPubMed

Norbury, C. F., Nash, M., Baird, G., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2004). Using a parental checklist to identify diagnostic groups in children with communication impairment: A validation of the Children’s Communication Checklist—2. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 39(3), 345–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/13682820410001654883CrossRef

O’Neill, D. K. (2007). The language use inventory for young children: A parent-report measure of pragmatic language development for 18-to 47-month-old children. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50(1), 214–228. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2007/017)CrossRefPubMed

Olson, L., Kinnear, M., Chen, B., Reynolds, S., Ibarra, C., Wang, T., Linke, A., & Fishman, I. (2021). Socioeconomic factors account for variability in language skills in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 42(2), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000870CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Osman, D. M., Shohdi, S., & Aziz, A. A. (2011). Pragmatic difficulties in children with Specific Language Impairment. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 75(2), 171–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.10.028CrossRefPubMed

Pace, A., Luo, R., Hirsh-Pasek, K., & Golinkoff, R. M. (2017). Identifying pathways between socioeconomic status and language development. Annual Review of Linguistics, 3(1), 285–308. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011516-034226CrossRef

Parsons, L., Cordier, R., Munro, N., Joosten, A., & Speyer, R. (2017). A systematic review of pragmatic language interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder. PLoS ONE, 12(4), e0172242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172242CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Phelps-Terasaki, D., & Phelps-Gunn, T. (2007). TOPL-2: Test of Pragmatic Language. Pro-Ed.

Prutting, C., & Kittchner, D. (1987). A clinical appraisal of the pragmatic aspects of language. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 52(2), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5202.105CrossRefPubMed

Ramírez, N. F., Lytle, S. R., & Kuhl, P. K. (2020). Parent coaching increases conversational turns and advances infant language development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(7), 3484–3491.CrossRef

Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests. Nielson and Lydiche.

Reindal, L., Nærland, T., Weidle, B., Lydersen, S., Andreassen, O. A., & Sund, A. M. (2021). Structural and pragmatic language impairments in children evaluated for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04853-1CrossRefPubMed

Schertz, H. H., Odom, S. L., Baggett, K. M., & Sideris, J. H. (2018). Mediating parent learning to promote social communication for toddlers with autism: Effects from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(3), 853–867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3386-8CrossRefPubMed

Schopler, E., Van Bourgondien, M. E., Wellman, G. J., & Love, S. R. (2010). CARS-2: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (2nd ed.). Western Psychological Services.

Schulze, C., & Saalbach, H. (2021). Socio-cognitive engagement (but not socioeconomic status) predicts preschool children’s language and pragmatic abilities. Journal of Child Language. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000921000295CrossRefPubMed

Song, Y., & Hakoda, Y. (2018). Selective impairment of basic emotion recognition in people with autism: Discrimination thresholds for recognition of facial expressions of varying intensities. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(6), 1886–1894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3428-2CrossRefPubMed

Stephens, G., & Matthews, D. (2014). The communicative infant from 0–18 months: The social-cognitive foundations of pragmatic development. In D. Matthews (Ed.), Pragmatic development in first language acquisition (pp. 13–35). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Sturrock, A., Marsden, A., Adams, C., & Freed, J. (2020). Observational and reported measures of language and pragmatics in young people with autism: A comparison of respondent data and gender profiles. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(3), 812–830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04288-3CrossRefPubMed

Taylor, L. J., Maybery, M. T., & Whitehouse, A. J. O. (2012). Do children with specific language impairment have a cognitive profile reminiscent of autism? A review of the literature. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(10), 2067–2083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1456-5CrossRefPubMed

Toe, D., Mood, D., Most, T., Walker, E., & Tucci, S. (2020). The assessment of pragmatic skills in young deaf and hard of hearing children. Pediatrics, 146(Supplement 3), S284–S291. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0242HCrossRefPubMed

Tomasello, M., Carpenter, M., & Liszkowski, U. (2007). A new look at infant pointing. Child Development, 78(3), 705–722. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01025.xCrossRefPubMed

Tomblin, B. (2011). Co-morbidity of autism and SLI: Kinds, kin and complexity. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 46(2), 127–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00017.xCrossRef

Tomblin, J. B., Zhang, X., Weiss, A., Catts, H., & Weismer, S. E. (2004). Developmental language disorders: From phenotypes to etiologies. In M. L. Rice & S. F. Warren (Eds.), Dimensions of individual differences in communication skills among primary grade children (pp. 53–76). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.

van Balkom, H., & Verhoeven, L. (2004). Pragmatic disability in children with specific language impairments. In L. Verhoeven & H. van Balkom (Eds.), Classification of developmental language disorders: Theoretical issues and clinical implications (pp. 283–305). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Weismer, S. E., Lord, C., & Esler, A. (2010). Early language patterns of toddlers on the autism spectrum compared to toddlers with developmental delay. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(10), 1259–1273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-0983-1CrossRefPubMedCentral

West, K. L., Roemer, E. J., Northrup, J. B., & Iverson, J. M. (2020). Profiles of early actions and gestures in infants with an older sibling with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 63(4), 1195–1211. https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_JSLHR-19-00013CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Williams, D., & Happé, F. (2010). Representing intentions in self and other: Studies of autism and typical development. Developmental Science, 13(2), 307–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00885.xCrossRefPubMed

Williams, D., Payne, H., & Marshall, C. (2013). Non-word repetition impairment in autism and specific language impairment: Evidence for distinct underlying cognitive causes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(2), 404–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1579-8CrossRefPubMed

Wilson, A. C., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2019). “If you catch my drift” Ability to infer implied meaning is distinct from vocabulary and grammar skills. Wellcome Open Research, 4, 68.CrossRef

Wilson, A. C., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2020). Judging meaning: A domain-level difference between autistic and non-autistic adults. Royal Society Open Science, 7(11), 200845. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200845CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wilson, A. C., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2021). A novel online assessment of pragmatic and core language skills: An attempt to tease apart language domains in children. Journal of Child Language. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000920000690CrossRefPubMed

Wray, C., Norbury, C. F., & Alcock, K. (2016). Gestural abilities of children with specific language impairment. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 51(2), 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12196CrossRef

Titel: Comparing Early Pragmatics in Typically Developing Children and Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Auteurs: Kay H. Y. Wong
Kathy Y. S. Lee
Sharon C. Y. Tsze
Wilson S. Yu
Iris H.-Y. Ng
Michael C. F. Tong
Thomas Law
Publicatiedatum: 04-09-2021
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 9/2022
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05261-9

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 9/2022

Preliminary Efficacy of Occupational Therapy in an Equine Environment for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Intestinal Predictors of Whole Blood Serotonin Levels in Children With or Without Autism

Profile of Mothers of Children with a Disability Who Seek Support for Mental Health and Wellbeing

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adult Outpatient Psychiatry

An overestimation of the prevalence of ASD among psychiatric patients

Brief Report: The Experiences of Families of Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder When Seeking Patient-and Family-Centered Care