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09-01-2025

Children’s executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts

Auteurs: Nichole R. Kelly, Derek Kosty, Yosef Bodovski, Courtney K. Blackwell, Jody M. Ganiban, Jenae M. Neiderhiser, Dana Dabelea, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Judy L. Aschner, Theresa M. Bastain, Carrie V. Breton, Nicole R. Bush, Catrina A. Calub, Carlos A. Camargo, Marie Camerota, Lisa A. Croen, Amy J. Elliott, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Assiamira Ferrara, Tina Hartert, Robert M. Joseph, Margaret R. Karagas, Rachel S. Kelly, Kristen Lyall, Kelsey E. Magee, Cindy T. McEvoy, Francheska M. Merced-Nieves, Thomas G. O’Connor, Sara Santarossa, Susan L. Schantz, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Joseph B. Stanford, Jennifer K. Straughen, Annemarie Stroustrup, Nicole M. Talge, Rosalind J. Wright, Qi Zhao, Leslie D. Leve, on behalf of program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine

Abstract

Executive functioning (EF) has been linked to chronic disease risk in children. Health behaviors are thought to partially explain this association. The current cross-sectional study evaluated specific domains of EF and varied health behaviors in three pediatric life stages. Pediatric participants (early childhood n = 2074, M_age = 6.4 ± 0.9 y; middle childhood n = 3230, M_age = 9.6 ± 1.2 y; adolescence n = 1416, M_age = 15.2 ± 1.7 y) were part of the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. They completed neurocognitive tasks measuring cognitive flexibility, behavioral inhibition, and working memory. Parent- and/or child-report measures of dietary intake, physical activity, sleep duration and quality, income, and positive parenting were also collected. Neighborhood crime and greenspace were calculated from publicly available census-tract level indices. After adjusting for study site, child body mass index, and demographics, working memory was related in the hypothesized direction to several dietary behaviors within all pediatric life stages. Working memory and cognitive flexibility were positively related to physical activity in middle childhood and adolescence. In adolescence, behavioral inhibition was positively related to physical activity and inversely related to sugar-sweetened beverage and total caloric intake. Associations with sleep were all non-significant. All significant associations reflected small effect sizes. Income, positive parenting, greenspace, and crime did not significantly influence any of the EF-health behavior associations. Findings highlight the need to consider EF domains, specific health behaviors, and developmental stage in creating intervention strategies that target EF to improve health behaviors. The small effect sizes reinforce the need for multi-tiered interventions to maximize health.

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Titel: Children’s executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts
Auteurs: Nichole R. Kelly
Derek Kosty
Yosef Bodovski
Courtney K. Blackwell
Jody M. Ganiban
Jenae M. Neiderhiser
Dana Dabelea
Diane Gilbert-Diamond
Judy L. Aschner
Theresa M. Bastain
Carrie V. Breton
Nicole R. Bush
Catrina A. Calub
Carlos A. Camargo
Marie Camerota
Lisa A. Croen
Amy J. Elliott
Michelle Bosquet Enlow
Assiamira Ferrara
Tina Hartert
Robert M. Joseph
Margaret R. Karagas
Rachel S. Kelly
Kristen Lyall
Kelsey E. Magee
Cindy T. McEvoy
Francheska M. Merced-Nieves
Thomas G. O’Connor
Sara Santarossa
Susan L. Schantz
Rebecca J. Schmidt
Joseph B. Stanford
Jennifer K. Straughen
Annemarie Stroustrup
Nicole M. Talge
Rosalind J. Wright
Qi Zhao
Leslie D. Leve
on behalf of program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes
Publicatiedatum: 09-01-2025
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine
Print ISSN: 0160-7715
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3521
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-024-00543-w

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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