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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

30-05-2018

Childhood Maltreatment and Impulsivity: A Meta-Analysis and Recommendations for Future Study

Auteur: Richard T. Liu

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 2/2019

Abstract

Both childhood maltreatment and impulsivity have been implicated in a broad array of negative public health outcomes and have been much studied in relation to each other. Characterizing this relationship, and the processes underlying it, are important for informing intervention efforts targeting this association and its psychopathological sequelae. The current review presented a systematic meta-analysis of the empirical literature on childhood maltreatment and impulsivity. In all, 55 eligible studies were identified and included in this review. General support was found for a positive association between childhood maltreatment, including its specific subtypes, and general trait impulsivity, with pooled effect sizes ranging from small in the case of childhood sexual abuse (OR = 1.59 [95% CI = 1.38–1.84]) to medium-to-large in the case of childhood emotional abuse (OR = 3.10 [95% CI = 2.27–4.23]). Support for a relationship between childhood maltreatment and laboratory-based measures of impulsive behavior was generally lacking. The current findings must be interpreted with a degree of caution, given several methodological limitations characterizing much of the empirical literature. Recommendations for addressing these limitations and directions for future research are provided.

vorige artikel Positive and Negative Emotionality at Age 3 Predicts Change in Frontal EEG Asymmetry across Early Childhood

volgende artikel Inattentiveness and Language Abilities in Preschoolers: A Latent Profile Analysis

The reference here is to the influence of one’s current affective state on performance on a specific measure of impulsivity, rather than one’s self-reported general disposition toward impulsiveness when experiencing positive or negative affect (e.g., negative urgency). Also note that it is not implied here that these measures are solely state-based. Rather, they are sensitive to both state and trait effects (Peters and Büchel 2011).

These eight studies were excluded after attempts to contact the study authors did not produce sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. An additional six studies (Amr et al. 2016; Conley and Garza 2011; Harden et al. 2015; Narvaez et al. 2012; Rylands et al. 2012; Stoltenberg et al. 2012) similarly did not report data required for meta-analysis, but were retained after the necessary data were obtained from the study authors.

Twenty studies featured overlapping samples. Whenever it remained unclear after inspection of the full text whether two studies reported on overlapping samples, the study authors were contacted to seek clarity on this issue. In cases where two or more studies used the same or overlapping samples but reported on different forms of childhood maltreatment and/or impulsivity, both studies were retained for relevant analyses. In cases where two or more studies used overlapping samples to examine the same forms of childhood maltreatment and impulsivity, the results of analyses based on the largest sample were retained. In the case where two studies assessed the association between childhood maltreatment and impulsivity in different subgroups of the same sample (Becker and Grilo 2006, 2007), the study that provided analyses of this association in the most number of non-overlapping subgroups was included in the main analysis (Becker and Grilo 2007), and the other study, which provided analyses of this association in males and females separately, was included in analyses involving sex as a moderator of effect size (Becker and Grilo 2006).

One study yielded separate effects for males and females (Becker-Blease and Freyd 2008), and another for three racial groups (Becker and Grilo 2007).

As none of the analyses for maltreatment subtypes included child samples, the relevant moderator analyses for age were restricted to comparisons between adolescent and adult samples.

Age treated as a categorical variable was not assessed as a moderator for childhood emotional and physical neglect, respectively, as there were only two relevant studies of each neglect subtype featuring adolescent samples.

Sample type was not assessed as a moderator for childhood physical and emotional neglect, as there were insufficient numbers of studies featuring community samples in both cases.

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Titel: Childhood Maltreatment and Impulsivity: A Meta-Analysis and Recommendations for Future Study
Auteur: Richard T. Liu
Publicatiedatum: 30-05-2018
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 2/2019
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-0445-3

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