Childhood Cumulative Trauma and Depressive Symptoms in Adulthood: the Role of Mindfulness and Dissociation

Considering the heightened risk of adults who have experienced childhood cumulative trauma (CCT) to suffer from depressive symptoms, the present study aimed to investigate mindfulness and dissociation as possible mechanisms implicated in this relationship. A total of 234 clients seeking psychotherapy for sexual and/or relational difficulties completed self-reported questionnaires as part of the evaluation phase within their treatment. The assessment tools evaluated the experience of childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, mindfulness levels, and dissociative symptoms. Results of structural equation modeling indicated that the link between CCT and depressive symptoms was fully mediated by both mindfulness and dissociation. In light of our results, it is recommended to assess systematically the presence of CCT, depressive symptoms, and dissociation in clients seeking help for sexual and/or relational issues, even though their primary motive may seem unrelated. Findings suggest that treatments focusing on fostering mindfulness might be beneficial in reducing depressive symptoms for individuals who experienced CCT.