Skip to main content

Proposition Testing: A Strategy to Develop Critical Thinking for Essay Writing

  • Chapter
The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Thinking in Higher Education

Abstract

One of the proudest claims of the humanities and social sciences is that our disciplines develop the capacity of students for critical thinking. This is not a claim that is supported by research, and there are good reasons to be skeptical of it. Davies (2011) has suggested that universities are actually teaching very little critical thinking. In particular, there are serious doubts about the value of the most important student learning activity in most of our subjects, and especially those in second year and above: the student essay. Complaints about the shallowness of student essays are widespread.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Andrews, R. 2003. “The End of the Essay?” Teaching in Higher Education 8 (1): 117–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biggs, J. 2003. Teaching for Quality Learning at University. (second edition). Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarsen, G. 2009. “Challenges of the Large Survey Subject: Teaching and Learning How to Read History.” Paper read at The Student Experience: Proceedings of the 32nd HERDSA Annual Conference, July 6–9, 2009, at Darwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, M. 2006. “An ‘Infusion’ Approach to Critical Thinking: Moore on the Critical Thinking Debate.” Higher Education Research and Development 25 (2): 179–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, M. 2011. “Introduction to the Special Issue on Critical Thinking in Higher Education.” Higher Education Research and Development 30 (3): 255–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, M. 2013. “Critical Thinking and the Disciplines Reconsidered.” Higher Education Research and Development 32 (4): 529–544.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deitering, A.-M., and Jameson, S. 2008. “Step by Step through the Scholarly Conversation: A Collaborative Library/Writing Faculty Project to Embed Information Literacy and Promote Critical Thinking in First Year Composition at Oregon State University.” College and Undergraduate Libraries 15 (1): 57–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hammer, S., and Green, W. 2011. “Critical Thinking in a First Year Management Unit: The Relationship between Disciplinary Learning, Academic Literacy and Learning Progression.” Higher Education Research and Development 30 (3): 303–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hounsell, D. 1997. “Contrasting Conceptions of Essay-Writing.” In The Experience of Learning: Implications for Teaching and Studying in Higher Education, edited by D. Hounsell and Noel Entwhistle F. Marton. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press. 106–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krathwohl, D. R. 2002. “A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy: An Overview.” Theory into Practice 41 (4): 212–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lincoln, Y. S., and Guba, E. G. 1985. Naturalistic Inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCune, V. 2004. “Development of First-Year Students’ Conceptions of Essay Writing.” Higher Education 47: 257–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, T. 2004. “The Critical Thinking Debate: How General Are General Thinking Skills?” Higher Education Research and Development 23 (1): 3–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, T. 2011. “Critical Thinking and Disciplinary Thinking: A Continuing Debate.” Higher Education Research and Development 30 (3): 261–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mummery, J., and Morton-Allen, E. 2009. “The Development of Critical Thinkers: Do Our Efforts Coincide with Students’ Beliefs?” In The Student Experience: Proceedings of the 32nd Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia Annual Conference, Darwin: 306–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norton, L. S. 1990. “Essay-Writing: What Really Counts.” Higher Education 20: 411–442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prosser, M., and Webb, C. 1994. “Relating the Process of Undergraduate Essay Writing to the Finished Product.” Studies in Higher Education 19 (2): 125–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Race, P. 2009. “Designing Assessment to Improve Physical Sciences Learning.” In A Physical Sciences Practical Guide. Hull: Higher Education Academy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwandt, P. 1994. “Constructivist, Interpretivist Approaches to Human Inquiry.” In Handbook of Qualitative Research, edited by N. Denzin and Y. Lincoln. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stake, R. E. 2004. Standards-Based and Responsive Evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vardi, I. 2000. “What Lecturers Want: An Investigation of Lecturer’s Expectations in First Year Essay Writing Tasks.” In First Year Experience Conference, Eds. Brisbane, QLD. December 18, 2012. http://www.fyhe.com.au/past_papers/papers/VardiPaper.doc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wass, R., Harland, T., and Mercer, A. 2011. “Scaffolding Critical Thinking in the Zone of Proximal Development.” Higher Education Research and Development 30 (3): 317–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Willison, J. W. 2012. “When Academics Integrate Research Skill Development in the Curriculum.” Higher Education Research and Development 31 (6): 905–919.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, K., Devereaux, L., Machen-Horarik, M., and Trimingham-Jack, C. 2004. “Reading Readings: How Students Learn to (Dis)Engage with Critical Reading.” Paper read at Transforming Knowledge into Wisdom: Holistic Approaches to Teaching and Learning. Proceedings of the 2004 Annual Conference of the Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia, at Miri, Sarawak.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Martin Davies Ronald Barnett

Copyright information

© 2015 Martin Davies and Ronald Barnett

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hammer, S., Griffiths, P. (2015). Proposition Testing: A Strategy to Develop Critical Thinking for Essay Writing. In: Davies, M., Barnett, R. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Thinking in Higher Education. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137378057_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics