Abstract
How does our knowledge of language on the one hand, and of the context on the other permit us to understand what we are told, resolve ambiguities, grasp both explicit and implicit content, recognize the force of a speech act, appreciate metaphor and irony? These issues have been studied in two disciplines: pragmatics and psycholinguistics, with limited interactions between the two. Pragmatics is rooted in the philosophy of language and in linguistics and has spawned competing theories using as evidence a mixture of intuitions about interpretation and observations of behaviour.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anscombre, J.-C., and Ducrot, O. (1995). L’Argumentation dans la langue. Paris: Madarga.
Atlas, J. (forthcoming) Logic, Meaning, and Conversation: Semantical Underdeterminacy, Implicature, and Their Interface. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Austin, J. (1962). How to do Things with Words. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bach, K. (1987). Thought and Reference. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Bach, K. (1994). Conversational implicature. Mind and Language 9: 124–62.
Bach, K., and Harnish, R. M. (1979). R. Linguistic Communication and Speech Acts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Bezuidenhout, A. (1997). Pragmatics, semantic underdetermination and the referential — attributive distinction. Mind 106: 375–409.
Blakemore, D. (1987). Semantic Constraints on Relevance. Oxford: Blackwell.
Blakemore, D. (2001). Discourse and relevance theory. In D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen and H. Hamilton (eds), Handbook of Discourse Analysis: 100–18. Oxford: Blackwell.
Blakemore, D. (2002). Linguistic Meaning and Relevance: The Semantics and Pragmatics of Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Blass, R. (1990). Relevance Relations in Discourse: A Study with Special Reference to Sissala. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Blutner, R., and Zeevat, H. (2003). Optimality Theory and Pragmatics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Carston, R., and Uchida, S. (eds). (1997) Relevance Theory: Applications and Implications. John Benjamins, Amsterdam.
Carston, R. (2002). Thoughts and Utterances: The Pragmatics of Explicit Communication. Oxford: Blackwell.
Clark, H. H. (1977). Bridging. In P. N. Johnson-Laird and P. C. Wason (eds), Thinking: 411–20. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Clark, H. H. (1979). Responding to indirect speech acts. Cognitive Psychology 11: 430–77.
Clark, H. and Lucy, P. (1975). Inferring what was meant from what was said. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 14: 56–72.
Clark, H., and Schunk, D. (1980). Polite responses to polite requests. Cognition 8: 111–43.
Dascal, M. (1981). Contextualism. In H. Parret et al. (dir.), Possibilities and Limitations of Pragmatics. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Davis, S. (ed.) (1991). Pragmatics: A Reader. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ducrot, O. (1984). Le Dire et le Dit. Paris: Minuit.
Fauconnier, G. (1975). Pragmatic scales and logical structure. Linguistic Inquiry 6: 353–75.
Fauconnier, G. (1985). Mental Spaces: Aspects of Meaning Construction in Natural Language, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.
Garrod, S. C., and Sanford, A. J. (1982) Bridging inferences in the extended domain of reference. In A. Baddeley and J. Long (eds), Attention and Performance IX (vols 331–46). Hillsdale, NJ: Earlbaum.
Gazdar, G. (1979). Pragmatics: Implicature, Presupposition, and Logical Form. New York: Academic Press.
Gibbs, R. (1979). Contextual effects in understanding indirect requests. Discourse Processes 2: 1–10.
Gibbs, R. (1981). Your wish is my command: convention and context in interpreting indirect requests. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 20: 431–44.
Graesser, A. C., Singer, M., and Trabasso, T. (1994). Constructing inferences during narrative text comprehension. Psychological Review 101(3): 371–95. URLJ: http://www apa org/journals/rev html.
Grice, H. P. (1989). Studies in the Way of Words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Gutt, E.-A. (1991). Translation and Relevance: Cognition and Context Oxford: Blackwell.
Harnish, R. M. (1976). Logical form and implicature. In T. Bever, J. Katz and D. T. Langendoen (eds). An Integrated Theory of Linguistic Ability: 313–91. New York: Crowell. Reprinted in S. Davis (1991): 316–64.
Harnish, R. M. (1994). Mood, meaning and speech acts. In S. Tsohatzidis (ed.), Foundations of Speech-Act Theory: Philosophical and Linguistic Perspectives: 407–59. London: Routledge.
Henle, M. (1962). On the relation between logic and thinking. Psychological Review.
Horn, L. R. (1973). Greek Grice: A brief survey of proto-conversational rules in the history of logic. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Ninth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago.
Horn, L. R. (1984). Towards a new taxonomy for pragmatic inference: Q- and R-based implicature. In D. Schiffrin (ed.), Meaning, Form, and Use in Context: 11–42. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press.
Horn, L. R. (1989). A Natural History of Negation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Horn, L. R. (1992). The said and the unsaid. SALT II: Proceedings of the Second Conference on Semantics and Linguistic Theory: 163–202. Ohio State University Linguistics Department, Columbus, Ohio.
Ifantidou, E. (2001). Evidentials and Relevance. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983) Mental Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kasher, A. (1976) Conversational maxims and rationality. In A. Kasher (ed.), Language in Focus: Foundations, Methods and Systems: 197–211. Dordrecht: Reidel. Reprinted in A. Kasher (ed.) (1998), vol. IV.
Kasher, A. (1984). Pragmatics and the modularity of mind. Journal of Pragmatics 8: 539–57. Revised version reprinted in S. Davis (ed.) (1991): 567–82.
Kasher, A. (ed.) (1998). Pragmatics: Critical Concepts, vols I–V. Routledge, London.
Katz, J. J. (1977). Propositional Structure and Illocutionary Force. New York: Crowell.
Kempson, R. (1996). Semantics, pragmatics and deduction. In S. Lappin (ed.), Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory: 561–98. Oxford: Blackwell.
Levinson, S. (1983). Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Levinson, S. (2000). Presumptive Meanings: The Theory of Generalized Conversational Implicature. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Lewis, D. (1979). Scorekeeping in a Language Game, in his Philosophical Papers, vol. 1: 233–49. New York: Oxford University Press (1983).
Matsui, T. (2000). Bridging and Relevance. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
McKoon, G., and Ratcliff, R. (1992). Inference during reading. Psychological Review 99(3): 440–66.
Moeschier, J. (1989). Modélisation du dialogue. Paris: Hermès.
Moeschier, J., and Reboul, A. (1994). Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de Pragmatique. Paris: Seuil.
Mosconi, G. (1990). Discorso e pensiero. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Munro, A. (1979). Indirect speech acts are not strictly conventional, Linguistic Inquiry 10, 353–6.
Neale, S. (1990). Descriptions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Neale, S. (1992). Paul Grice and the philosophy of language. Linguistics and Philosophy 15: 509–59.
Neale, S. (forthcoming). Linguistic Pragmatism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Noh, E.-J. (2000). Metarepresentation: A Relevance-Theory Approach. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Papafragou, A. (2000). Modality: Issues in the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
Pilkington, A. (2000). Poetic Effects: A Relevance Theory Perspective. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Politzer, G. (1986). Laws of language use and formal logic. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 15(1): 47–92.
Reboul, A. (1992). Rhétorique et stylistique de la fiction. Nancy: Presses Universitaires de Nancy.
Recanati, F. (1979). La Transparence et l’Enonciation. Paris: Seuil.
Recanati, F. (1988). Meaning and Force. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Recanati, F. (1993). Direct Reference: From Language to Thought. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Recanati, F. (2000). Oratio Obliqua, Oratio Recta. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.
Rouchota, V., and Jucker, A. (eds) (1998). Current Issues in Relevance Theory. Amsterdam John Benjamins.
Rouchota, V. (1998). Connectives, coherence and relevance. In V. Rouchota and A. Jucker (eds), Current Issues in Relevance Theory: 11–57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Sanders, T. J., Spooren, W. P., and Noordman, L. G. (1992). Toward a taxonomy of coherence relations. Discourse Processes 15(1): 1–35.
Searle, J. (1969). Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Searle, J. (1975). Indirect Speech Acts. In Syntax and Semantics: vol. 3 Speech Acts: 59–82. Ed. P. Cole and J. L. Morgan. New York: Academic Press.
Searle, J. (1979). Expression and Meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Searle, J., and Vanderveken, D. (1985). Foundations of Illocutionary Logic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sperber, D., and Wilson, D. (1986/1995). Relevance: Communication and Cognition. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Stalnaker, R. (1999). Context and Content Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Sweetser, E. (1990). From Etymology to Pragmatics: Metaphorical and Cultural Aspects of Semantic Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Travis, C. (1975). Saying and Understanding. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Unger, C. (2000). On the Cognitive Role of ‘Genre’: A Relevance-Theoretic Perspective. University of London Ph.D. dissertation.
Van der Auwera, J. (1981). What Do We Talk About When We Talk? Speculative Grammar and the Semantics and Pragmatics of Focus. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Van der Auwera, J. (1985). Language and Logic. A Speculative and Condition-Theoretic Study. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Van der Auwera, J. (1997). Conditional perfection. In A. Athanasiadou and R. Dirven (eds.), On Conditionals Again: 169–190 Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Vanderveken, D. (1990–1). Meaning and Speech Acts (2 vols). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Walker, C. H., and Yekovich, F. R. (1987). Activation and use of script-based antecedents in anaphoric reference. Journal of Memory and Language, 26(6): 673–91.
Wilson, D., and Matsui, T. (2000). Recent approaches to bridging: Truth, coherence and relevance. In J. de Bustos Tovar, P. Charaudeau, J. Alconchel, S. Iglesias Recuero and C. Lopez Alonso (eds), Lengua, Discurso, Texto, vol. 1: 103–32. Visor Libros: Madrid. (Also published in UCL Working Papers in Linguistics 10: 173–200 (1998).)
Wilson, D. (1998). Discourse, coherence and relevance: A reply to Rachel Giora. Journal of Pragmatics 29: 57–74.
Yus, F. (1997) Cooperación y relevancia. Dos aproximaciones pragmáticas a la interpretación. Alicante: Universidad de Alicante, Servicio de Publicaciones.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2004 Ira A. Noveck and Dan Sperber
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sperber, D., Noveck, I.A. (2004). Introduction. In: Noveck, I.A., Sperber, D. (eds) Experimental Pragmatics. Palgrave Studies in Pragmatics, Language and Cognition. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230524125_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230524125_1
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4039-0351-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-52412-5
eBook Packages: Palgrave Language & Linguistics CollectionEducation (R0)