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Protective Effects of Social Resources in Adolescents at High Risk for Antisocial Behavior

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Cross-National Longitudinal Research on Human Development and Criminal Behavior

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASID,volume 76))

Abstract

Our knowledge on predictors and courses of antisocial, delinquent, and criminal behavior has improved substantially in the last two decades. This is particularly due to more intensive developmental, prospective, longitudinal research. Respective studies stem from various geographical regions, for example from England (e.g., Farrington & West, 1990; Kolvin, Miller, Fleeting, & Kolvin, 1988); from the USA (e.g., Elliott, Huizinga, & Menard, 1989; Loeber, Stouthamer-Loeber, Van Kammen, & Farrington, 1991; McCord, 1979; Robins, 1978; Wolfgang, Figlio, & Sellin, 1972); from Canada (e.g., Le Blanc & Fréchette, 1989; Tremblay, Loeber, Gagnon, Charlebois, Larivée, & Le Blanc, 1991); from Scandinavia (e.g., Magnusson, 1988; Pulkkinen, 1988; Wikstroem, 1987); and from New Zealand (e.g., Moffitt & Silva, 1988). Despite many differences in social contexts, age groups, theoretical concepts, and empirical measures, overall findings provide a fairly consistent picture: Antisocial behavior is one of the most frequent problems in childhood and adolescence, particularly among males. It manifests in many different forms during the life course, and is subject to situational and temporal fluctuations. In its most severe form, it is more predictable than other behavioral and emotional problems. The prevalence of delinquent and criminal behavior increases strongly during adolescence and drops off again during the third decade. A small group of approximately six percent of the population exhibits relatively persistent and severe criminal behavior. The probability of chronic offending increases (a) the more frequently antisocial behavior has been exhibited in the past; (b) the more varied problem behavior is; (c) the greater the number of settings in which it occurs; and (d) the earlier the onset of delinquency and crime (e.g., Blumstein, Cohen, & Farrington, 1988; Loeber, 1982; Wolfgang et al., 1972).

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  1. Friedrich Lösel
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  1. Institute of Criminology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Elmar G. M. Weitekamp  & Hans-Jürgen Kerner  & 

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Lösel, F. (1994). Protective Effects of Social Resources in Adolescents at High Risk for Antisocial Behavior. In: Weitekamp, E.G.M., Kerner, HJ. (eds) Cross-National Longitudinal Research on Human Development and Criminal Behavior. NATO ASI Series, vol 76. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0864-5_15

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