Abstract
Single-chamber atrial pacing for sinus node disease (SND) was introduced as early as 1964 [1]. Reports demonstrating the clinical feasibility of this treatment modality in large patient groups occurred during the 1980s [2–5], and recent studies have further increased our knowledge of the long-term efficacy and the possible complications of atrial pacing [6–8]. Atrial inhibited (AAI) pacing is now considered an efficient long-term treatment for SND, if certain caveats are observed [6, 9].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Silverman LF, Mankin HT, McGoon DC. Surgical treatment of an inadequate sinus mechanism by implantation of a right atrial pacemaker electrode. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1968; 55: 264–70.
Santini M, Messina G, Porto MP. Sick sinus syndrome: Single chamber pacing. In Gomez FP (ed): Cardiac pacing. Electrophysiology. Tachyarrhythmias. Madrid: Editorial Grouz, 1985; 144–52.
Rosenqvist M, Brandt J, Schüller H. Long-term pacing in sinus node disease: Effects of stimulation mode on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Am Heart J 1988; 116: 16–22.
Bellinder G, Nordlander R, Pehrsson SK, Åström H. Atrial pacing in the management of sick sinus syndrome: Long-term observation for conduction disturbances and supraven-tricular tachyarrhythmias. Eur Heart J 1986; 7: 105–9.
Lemke B, Holtmann BJ, Selbach H, Barmeyer J. The atrial pacemaker: Retrospective analysis of complications and life expectancy in patients with sinus node dysfunction. Int J Cardiol 1989; 22: 185–93.
Brandt J, Anderson H, Fåhraeus T, Schüller H. Natural history of sinus node disease treated with atrial pacing in 213 patients: Implications for selection of stimulation mode. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20: 633–9.
Santini M, Alexidou G, Ansalone G, Cacciatore G, Cini R, Turitto G. Relation of prognosis in sick sinus syndrome to age, conduction defects and modes of permanent cardiac pacing. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65: 729–35.
Rud Andersen H, Thuesen L, Bagger JP, Vesterlund T, Bloch Thomsen PE. Prospective randomised trial of atrial versus ventricular pacing in sick-sinus syndrome. Lancet 1994; 344: 1523–8.
Katritsis D, Camm AJ. AAI pacing mode: When is it indicated and how should it be achieved? Clin Cardiol 1993; 16: 339–43.
Abbott JA, Hirschfeld DS, Kunkel FW, Scheinman MM. Graded exercise testing in patients with sinus node dysfunction. Am J Med 1977; 62: 330–8.
Holden W, McAnulty JH, Rahimtoola SH. Characterization of heart rate response to exercise in the sick sinus syndrome. Br Heart J 1978; 40: 923–30.
Johnston FA, Robinson JF, Fyfe T. Exercise testing in the diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome in the elderly: Implications for treatment. PACE 1987; 10: 831–8.
Kallryd A, Kruse I, Rydén L. Atrial inhibited pacing in the sick sinus node syndrome: Clinical value and the demand for rate responsiveness. PACE 1989; 12: 954–61.
Vallin HO, Edhag KO. Heart rate responses in patients with sinus node disease compared to controls: Physiological implications and diagnostic possibilities. Clin Cardiol 1980; 3: 391–8.
Rosenqvist M, Arén C, Kristensson BE, Nordlander R, Schüller H. Atrial rate-responsive pacing in sinus node disease. Eur Heart J 1990; 11: 537–42.
Brandt J, Fâhraeus T, Ogawa T, Schüller H. Practical aspects of rate adaptive atrial (AAIR) pacing: Clinical experiences in 44 patients. PACE 1991; 14: 1258–64.
Brandt J. Permanent atrial pacing. Clinical studies. Thesis, University of Lund, Sweden (obtainable from author).
Clarke M, Allen A. Rate-responsive atrial pacing resulting in pacemaker syndrome(abstract). PACE 1987; 10: 1209.
den Dulk K, Lindemans FW, Brugada P. Smeets JLRM, Wellens HJJ. Pacemaker syndrome with AAI rate variable pacing: Importance of atrioventricular conduction properties, medication and pacemaker programmability. PACE 1988; 11: 1226–33.
Pouillot C, Daubert C, Mabo P, Cazeau S, Paillard F, Le Breton H. The lack of adaptation in PR interval to heart rate: A frequent limitation for AAIR pacing (abstract). PACE 1990; 13: 504.
Mabo P, Pouillot C, Kermarrec A, Lelong B, Lebreton H, Daubert C. Lack of physiological adaptation of the atrioventricular interval to heart rate in patients chronically paced in the AAIR mode. PACE 1991; 14: 2133–42.
Linde C, Nordlander R, Rosenqvist M. Atrial rate adaptive pacing: What happens to AV conduction? PACE 1994; 17: 1581–9.
Haywood GA, Katritsis D, Ward J, Leigh-Jones M, Ward DE, Camm AJ. Atrial adaptive rate pacing in sick sinus syndrome: effects on exercise capacity and arrhythmias. Br Heart J 1993; 69: 174–8.
Gwinn N, Léman R, Zile M, Kratz J, Gillette J. Pacemaker patients become chronotropic incompetent with time (abstract). PACE 1990; 13: 535.
Vardas PE, Fitzpatrick A, Ingram A, Travill CM, Theodorakis G, Hubbard W, Sutton R. Natural history of sinus node chronotropy in paced patients. PACE 1991; 14: 155–60.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Brandt, J., Fåhraeus, T., Schüller, H. (1996). Long-term rate adaptive atrial (AAIR) pacing: is it feasible?. In: Oto, M.A. (eds) Practice and Progress in Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 183. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0219-0_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0219-0_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6582-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0219-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive