Positive Relations Between Members of Groups with Divergent Beliefs and Cultures

Abstract

This chapter explores research and perspectives of practitioners of cross-cultural, interfaith and peace-building work. When people see each other as different on the basis of their belief or culture, what helps or hinders positive relationships between them? It draws on the author’s experiences and application of best-practice principles for bridge-building in Australian schools. It addresses the practical challenges of interacting as equals and with increased empathy in the face of both real and apparent divergence of strongly held beliefs about ourselves, ‘others’, values, the construction of identity, our religion and experiences of injustice. It draws conclusions about the need for humility in the way we interpret others’ situations that avoids projecting our own experiences, knowledge and norms onto the other, while acting to protect our own legitimate interests and integrity. It identifies principles that can foster positive relations such as realism and honesty tempered at times by optimism, imagination and generosity. It explores practices and processes for developing empathy and inter-group contact and dispelling false beliefs, particularly as these relate to tensions arising out of diversity’s ‘BIG’ issues, namely, Beliefs, Identity and Grievances.

Rabbi Zalman Kastel was raised and ordained as a Rabbi in the Chasidic Jewish tradition in Brooklyn, New York, before migrating to Australia. Encounters and work with Christians, Muslims and Indigenous Australians have transformed him. He is Director of Together for Humanity Foundation, an inclusive, interfaith diversity education organisation.