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Prostaglandins in Chronic Inflammation

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Chronic Inflammation

Abstract

Chronic inflammation underlies various chronic diseases including autoimmune diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, vascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. Inasmuch as aspirin-like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exert their effects by inhibiting prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis, PGs have been traditionally thought to function only as mediators of acute inflammation by regulating short-lived events such as vasodilation, pain and fever. However, recent studies using mice deficient in PG receptor in various models of chronic inflammation have demonstrated that, in addition to their short-lived actions in acute inflammation, PGs exert long-term inflammatory actions by acting on mesenchymal, epithelial and immune cells and critically regulating gene expression at the transcription level. In these actions, PGs often cooperate with various cytokines and innate immunity molecules and amplify their actions. Through these studies, evidence now accumulates that PGs function in various aspects of chronic inflammation such as conversion to immune inflammation, amplification of inflammation by a positive feedback loop, sustained inflammatory cell infiltration, and tissue remodelling. Here we review these findings and discuss their relevance to human disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AMED-CREST, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Tomohiro Aoki & Shuh Narumiya

  2. Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technologies and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Tomohiro Aoki & Shuh Narumiya

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  1. Tomohiro Aoki
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  2. Shuh Narumiya
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Correspondence to Shuh Narumiya .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  2. Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacological Genetics Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Kiyoshi Takatsu

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Aoki, T., Narumiya, S. (2016). Prostaglandins in Chronic Inflammation. In: Miyasaka, M., Takatsu, K. (eds) Chronic Inflammation. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56068-5_1

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