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Understanding Scaffolds, Stem Cells, and Growth Factors

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Bio-orthopaedics

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Abstract

Repairing the biology is fundamental to improve the quality of the damaged tissue, making the recovery period more comfortable and shorter. This is done by biological therapies based on three elements; three-dimensional scaffolds, cells and signalling molecules. The main role of three-dimensional scaffolds is to be the support where de cells adhere, they are also bioactive and interact, attract and stimulate those cells. One of the major focuses in regenerative medicine are cell-therapies, that depending on their collection source they have different characteristics. All the biological events basic for the success when regenerating are controlled by signalling molecules. The biological pathways are immediately activated after a tissue injury, using the Growth Factors we are capable of modulate this response. They are involved in biological functions, such as cellular proliferation, cellular survival, migration and even apoptosis.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Laura Rivilla for the designing and drawing, Sue-Sonia Tizol for assistance with translation, and all the patients whose images are shown in this chapter. And finally, we would also like to show our gratitude to Professor Doctor Alfonso Blanco for the electron microscopy observations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fundación García-Cugat, Barcelona, Spain

    R. Cugat M.D., Ph.D., P. Alvarez-Diaz, D. Barastegui, M. Garcia-Balletbo, P. Laiz, R. Seijas & G. Steinbacher

  2. Artroscopia GC, Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Quirón Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    R. Cugat M.D., Ph.D., P. Alvarez-Diaz, D. Barastegui, M. Garcia-Balletbo, P. Laiz & R. Seijas

  3. Mutualidad de Futbolistas, Real Federación Española de Fútbol, Delegación Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain

    R. Cugat M.D., Ph.D., P. Alvarez-Diaz & G. Steinbacher

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  1. R. Cugat M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. P. Alvarez-Diaz
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  3. D. Barastegui
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Cugat M.D., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. O.A.S.I. Bioresearch Foundation NPO, Milan, Italy

    Alberto Gobbi

  2. Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal

    João Espregueira-Mendes

  3. Musculoskeletal and Joint Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA

    John G. Lane

  4. Department of Orthopedics, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mustafa Karahan

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Cugat, R. et al. (2017). Understanding Scaffolds, Stem Cells, and Growth Factors. In: Gobbi, A., Espregueira-Mendes, J., Lane, J., Karahan, M. (eds) Bio-orthopaedics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54181-4_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54181-4_12

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-54181-4

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