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Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Adapted for People with Dystonia Using Rasch Analysis

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Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) 2014 Conference Proceedings

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Abstract

Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterised by abnormal movements and postures and impacts on psychosocial health. One construct that is not well understood is movement-related fear or kinesiophobia. The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is used to assess kinesiophobia and activity avoidance in chronic low back pain and has been adapted for use in other musculoskeletal conditions. To date, there has been no adaptation of the TSK to a neurological movement disorder. Aim The aim was to develop a dystonia-specific version of the TSK (TSK-Dystonia) to assess kinesiophobia in people with dystonia. The objective was to investigate the psychometric properties of the TSK-Dystonia using Rasch analysis to determine whether it is able to assess a unidimensional construct of kinesiophobia. Methods A dystonia-specific TSK survey was constructed and refined by an expert group of experienced clinicians and people living with dystonia. The final version was offered online across Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Europe and United States. Survey results were analysed by the partial credit version of the Rasch model. Specific attention was paid to exploring scale item fit, item threshold organisation and differentiated item function. Results One hundred and thirty two people (108 female) completed the survey. Rasch analysis identified four survey items as not demonstrating a unidimensional construct, with another two items having poor item threshold capacities. These six items were removed leaving an 11-item scale. The final TSK-Dystonia proved to be a reliable conjoint hierarchical scale, with category ordering, unidimensionality and interval consistency. However, participant gender and type of dystonia produced unwanted variance in two other scale items pointing to their possible removal, although this needs to be confirmed in a larger sample. Conclusions A Rasch analysis found an 11-item TSK-Dystonia was able to identify a unidimensional construct of fear avoidance in people with dystonia. In its present form, the TSK-Dystonia items could be reliably summed to provide a score determining the level of fear avoidance of an individual. The TSK-Dystonia could help to identify the presence of kinesiophobia in research and clinical dystonia populations and be used to measure improvements from targeted behavioural interventions.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the members of the expert panel for their input into survey design and all survey participants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, 5001, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    I Blackman

  2. Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

    L Bradnam

  3. School of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia

    L Graetz

Authors
  1. I Blackman
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  2. L Bradnam
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  3. L Graetz
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to I Blackman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Foreign Studies, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China

    Quan Zhang

  2. College of Foreign Studies, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China

    Hong Yang

Appendix: The TSK-Dystonia (Original 17 Item Version)

Appendix: The TSK-Dystonia (Original 17 Item Version)

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Blackman, I., Bradnam, L., Graetz, L. (2015). Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Adapted for People with Dystonia Using Rasch Analysis. In: Zhang, Q., Yang, H. (eds) Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) 2014 Conference Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47490-7_13

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