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Central Effects of Local Anesthetic Agents

  • Chapter
Local Anesthetics

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 81))

Abstract

The term “local anesthetic”, as used clinically, implies a substance that blocks sensory and motor innervation of a discrete, peripheral area or region of the body, as opposed to the state of central narcosis induced by general anesthetic agents. Despite this clinical distinction, local anesthetics are potent drugs, affecting cell membranes, neurotransmitter function, and neuronal excitability. When these agents enter the central nervous system (CNS), a myriad of excitatory and inhibitory behavioral effects can occur, including somnolence, confusion, agitation, excitation and, ultimately, frank seizure activity. In this chapter, we will first consider routes by which the local anesthetics gain access to the CNS, then discuss their behavioral and neuropharmacologic effects, and, finally, their effects on neuronal excitability at regional CNS sites.

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Authors
  1. J. M. Garfield
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  2. L. Gugino
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Anesthesia Research Laboratories, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Gary R. Strichartz Ph. D. (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Gary R. Strichartz Ph. D. (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

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© 1987 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Garfield, J.M., Gugino, L. (1987). Central Effects of Local Anesthetic Agents. In: Strichartz, G.R. (eds) Local Anesthetics. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 81. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71110-7_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71110-7_8

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