Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Development of a New Prevention Maintenance Therapy for Postmenopausal Women

  • Conference paper
Chemoprevention of Cancer

Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 151))

Abstract

In spring 1998, breast cancer prevention emerged from being a concept to being a reality. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project prevention trial showed that tamoxifen reduced breast cancer by 45% in high risk women between the ages of 35 and 75. Additionally, an evaluation of 10550 patients randomized to osteoporosis trials of placebo versus raloxifene demonstrated a 50% reduction in the incidence of breast cancer in woman taking raloxifene. For the future, a Study of Tamoxifen Against Raloxifene (STAR) is ongoing in high-risk postmenopausal women. This chapter describes the biological rationale for the current clinical advances.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Assikis VJ, Neven P, Jordan VC, Vergote I (1996) A realistic clinical perspective of tamoxifen and endometrial carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer 32:1464–1476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beatson GT (1896) On the treatment of inoperable cases of carcinoma of the mamma: suggestions for a new method of treatment with illustrative cases. Lancet II:104–107,162–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Black LJ, Jones CD, Falcone JF (1983) Antagonism of estrogen action with a new benzothio-phene-derived antiestrogen. Life Sei 32:1031–1036.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Black LJ, Sato M, Rowley ER, Magee DE, Bekele A, Williams DC, Cullinan GJ, Bendele R, Kauffman RF, Bensch WR (1994) Raloxifene (LY139481 HCl) prevents bone loss and reduces serum cholesterol without causing uterine hypertrophy in ovariectomized rats. J Clin Invest 93:63–69.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boyd S (1900) On oophorectomy in cancer of the breast. BMJ II:1161–1167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breast Cancer Trials Committee, Scottish Trials Office (1987) Adjuvant tamoxifen in the management of operable breast cancer. Lancet II:171–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clemens JA, Bennett DR, Black LJ, Jones CD (1983) Effects of a new antiestrogen keoxifene (LY156758) on growth of carcinogen induced mammary tumors and on LH and prolactin levels. Life Sei 32:2869–2875.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cole MP, Jones CTA, Todd IDH (1971) A new antioestrogenic agent in late breast cancer. An early clinical appraisal of ICI 46474. Br J Cancer 25:270–275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costantino JP, Kuller LH, Ives DG, Fisher B, Dignam J (1997) Coronary heart disease mor-tality and adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 89:776–782.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cuzick J, Baum M (1985) Tamoxifen and contralateral breast cancer. Lancet II:282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (1992) Systemic treatment of early breast cancer by hormonal, cytotoxic or immune therapy. 133 randomized trials involving 31000 recurrences and 24000 deaths among 75000 women. Lancet 339:1–15, 71–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher B, Dignam J, Bryant J, DeCellis A, Wickerman DL, Wolmark N, Costantino JP, Redmond C, Fisher ER, Bowman DM, Deschenes L, Dimitrov NV, Margolese RG, Robidous A, Shibata H, Terz J, Paterson AH, Feldman MI, Far rar W, Evans J, Lickley HL (1996) Five years versus more than five years of tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer patients with negative lymph nodes and estrogen receptor-positive tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:1529–1542.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher B, Costantino JP, Wickerhan DL, Redmond CK, Kovanah M, Cronin WM, Vogel V, Robidous A, Dimitrov NV, Arkins J, Daly M, Wieard S, Tan-Chiu E, Ford L, Wolmark N and other NSABP investigators (1998) Tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer. Repeat of the national surgical adjuvant breast and bowel project P-I study. J Natl Cancer Inst 90:1371–1388.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornander T, Rutqvist LE, Cedermark B, Glas U, Matteson A, Silfersvard C, Skoog L, Somell A, Theve T, Wilking N, Askergren J, Hjalmer MD (1989) Adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer occurance of new primary cancers. Lancet I:117–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Furr BJA, Jordan VC (1984) The pharmacology and clinical uses of tamoxifen. Pharmacol Ther 25:127–205.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottardis MM, Jordan VC (1987) The antitumor actions of keoxifene (raloxifene) and tam–oxifen in the N-nitrosomethylurea-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Cancer Res 47:4020–4024.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottardis MM, Robinson SP, Satyswaroop PG, Jordan VC (1988) Contrasting action of tamoxifen on endometrial and breast tumor growth in the athymic mouse. Cancer Res 48:812–816.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gradishar W, Jordan VC (1997) Clinical potential of new antiestrogens. J Clin Oncol 15:840–852.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hardel L (1988) Tamoxifen and risk factor for carcinoma of corpus uteri. Lancet II:563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harper MJK, Walpole AL (1967 a) Mode of action of ICI 46474 in preventing implantation in rats. J Endocrinol 37:82–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harper MJK, Walpole AL (1967 b) A new derivative of triphenylethylene: effect on implantation and mode of action in rats. Reprod Fertil 13:101–119.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horwitz RI, Feinstein AR (1986) Estrogens and endometrial cancer: response to arguments and current status of an epidemiologic controversy. Am J Med 81:503–507.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC (1974) Antitumour activity of the antiestrogen ICI 46474 (tamoxifen) in the dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) induced rat mammary carcinoma model. J Steroid Biochem 5:354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC (1976) Effect of tamoxifen (ICI 46474) on initiation and growth of DMBA-in-duced rat mammary carcinomas. Eur J Cancer 12:419–425.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC (1994) The development of tamoxifen. In: Jordan VC (ed) Long-term tamoxifen for breast cancer therapy. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, pp 3–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC (1997 a) Tamoxifen treatment for breast cancer: concept to gold standard. Oncology 11:7–13.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC (1997 b) Tamoxifen: a guide for clinicians and patients. PRR, Huntington Jordan VC (1997 c) Tamoxifen: the herald of a new era of preventive therapeutics. J Natl Cancer Inst 89:747–749.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC, Phelps E, Lindgren JU (1987) Effects of anti-estrogen on bone in castrated and intact female rats. Breast Cancer Res Treat 10:31–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Killackey MA, Hakes TB, Pierce VK (1985) Endometrial adenocarcinoma in breast cancer patients receiving antiestrogens. Cancer Treat Rep 69:237–238.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kristensen B, Ejlertsen B, Dalgaard P, Larsen L, Holmegaard SN, Transbol I, Mouridsen HT (1994) Tamoxifen and bone metabolism in postmenopausal, low risk breast cancer patients: a randomized study. J Clin Oncol 12:992–997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lerner LJ, Jordan VC (1990) Development of antiestrogens and their use in breast cancer. Cancer Res 50:477–489.

    Google Scholar 

  • Love RR, Weibe DA, Newcomb PA, Cameron L, Leventhal H, Jordan VC, Feyzi J, DeMets DC (1991) Effects of tamoxifen on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women. Ann Intern Med 115:860–864.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Love RR, Mazess RB, Barden HS, Epstein S, Newcomb PA, Jordan VC, Carbone PP, DeMets DL (1992) Effects of tamoxifen on bone mineral density in tamoxifen on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. N Engl J Med 326:852–856.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madigan MP, Ziegler RG, Banichou J, Bryne C, Hoover RN (1995) Proportion of breast cancer cases in the United States explained by well established risk factors. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:1681–1685.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Magriples U, Naftolin F, Schwartz PE, Carcagiu MD (1993) High grade endometrial carcinoma in tamoxifen treated breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 11:485–490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald CC, Stewart HJ (1992) Fatal myocardial infarction in the Scottish tamoxifen trial. Br Med J 303:435–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald CC, Alexander FE, Whyte BW, Forrest AP, McDonald CC, Stewart HJ (1995) Cardiac and vascular morbidity in women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer in a randomized trial. Br Med J 311:977–980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nolvadex Adjuvant Trial Organization (NATO) (1985) Controlled trial of tamoxifen as a single adjuvant agent in the management of early breast cancer. Lancet 1:836–840.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peto R (1996) Five years of tamoxifen or more. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:1791.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Powles TJ, Hardy JR, Ashley SE, Farrington GM, Cosgrove D, Davey JB, Dowsett M, McKin-na JA, Nash AG, Sinnett HD, Tillyer CR, Treleaven JG (1989) A pilot trial to evaluate the acute toxicity and feasibility of tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer. Br J Cancer 60:126–133.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Powles TJ, Tillyer CP, Jones AL, Ashley SE, Treleavan J, Davey JB, McKinna JA (1990) Prevention of breast cancer with tamoxifen: an update on the Royal Marsden pilot program. Eur J Cancer 26:680–684.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Powles TJ, Jones AL, Ashley SE, O’Brien ME, Tidy VA, Treleavan J, Cosgrove D, Nash AG, Sacks N, Baum M (1994) The Royal Marsden Hospital pilot tamoxifen chemoprevention trial. Breast Cancer Rest Treat 31:73–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Powles TJ, Hickish T, Kanis JA, Tidy A, Ashley S (1996) Effect of tamoxifen on bone mineral density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women. J Clin Oncol 14:78–84.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rutqvist LE, Mattson A (1993) Cardiac and thromboembolic morbidity among postmenopausal women with early nstage cancer in a randomized trial of adjuvant tamoxifen. J Natl Cancer Inst 85:1398–1406.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato M, Kim J, Short LL, Szemenda CW, Bryant HU (1995) Longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of raloxifene effects on tibiae from ovariectomized rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 272:1251–1259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swedish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (1996) Randomized trial of two versus five years of adjuvant tamoxifen for postmenopausal early stage breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:1543–1549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tonetti D, Jordan VC (1996) The development of targeted antiestrogens to prevent diseases in women. Mol Med Today 2:218–223.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel VG (1996) Assessing women’s potential risk of developing breast cancer. Oncology 10:1451–1461.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward HWC (1973) Antiestrogenic therapy for breast cancer. A trial of tamoxifen at two dose levels. BMJ 1:13–15.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward RL, Morgan G, Dalley D, Kelly PJ (1993) Tamoxifen reduces bone turnover and prevents lumbar spine and proximal femoral bone loss in early postmenopausal women. Bone Miner 22:87–94.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    V. Craig Jordan

Authors
  1. V. Craig Jordan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Tumordetection and Prevention, Rorschacherstrasse 150, CH-9006, St. Gallen, Switzerland

    Hans-Jörg Senn

  2. European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti, I-20141, Milan, Italy

    Alberto Costa M.D.

  3. Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center Breast Cancer Research Program, Olson Pavilion, Northwest-University Medical School, 503 E. Chicago Ave., 60611, Chicago, IL, USA

    V. Craig Jordan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Jordan, V.C. (1999). Development of a New Prevention Maintenance Therapy for Postmenopausal Women. In: Senn, HJ., Costa, A., Jordan, V.C. (eds) Chemoprevention of Cancer. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 151. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59945-3_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59945-3_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64192-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59945-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation