In the contemporary operative technique of intramedullary (IM) nailing for the treatment of injuries of the humerus, femur, and tibia, as a standard the medullar canal is opened somewhere in the proximal part of the shaft. In selected cases, however, the patient can benefit from a retrograde introduction of IM nails.
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Breedveld, P.H., Verbruggen, J.P.A.M., Stapert, J.W.J.L. (2002). Retrograde Nailing of Fractures. In: Kempf, I., Leung, K.S., Grosse, A., Haarman, H.J.T.M., Seidel, H., Taglang, G. (eds) Practice of Intramedullary Locked Nails. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56337-9_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56337-9_7
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