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Störung mit Trennungsangst

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Angststörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Zusammenfassung

Der Begriff der Trennungsangst steht sowohl für eine Phase in der normalen Entwicklung eines Kleinkindes als auch für ein abweichendes Verhalten eines Kindes ab dem Vorschulalter. Unter der „normalen“ oder entwicklungsphasentypischen Trennungsangst wird die Protestreaktion eines Kindes bei der Trennung von der primären Bezugsperson verstanden. Sie beginnt typischerweise im Alter zwischen 7 und 12 Monaten, erreicht ihren Höhepunkt mit 15–18 Monaten und nimmt danach wieder kontinuierlich ab. Diese Form der Trennungsangst wird als entwicklungsphasentypisch verstanden, da sie mehr oder weniger bei allen Kindern dieser Altersgruppe beobachtet werden kann und eine vorübergehende Angstreaktion darstellt (vgl. hierzu Kapitel 1 „Entwicklungspsychopathologische Grundlagen“). Im Gegensatz zur entwicklungsphasentypischen Trennungsangst steht die „klinische“ Trennungsangst als eine Form kindlicher Angststörung.

Angst vor einem Schicksalsschlag in der Familie: Die Ängste der Kinder 2001: Laut einer repräsentativen Befragung des R+V-Infocenters aus dem Jahr 2001 berichten 53% der 6-bis 14-jährigen Kinder in Deutschland über starke Ängste [R+V Infocenter für Sicherheit und Vorsorge. Die Ängste der Kinder 2001. Verfügbar unter http://www.ruv.de/press(08.04.2002).]. Jedes 2. Kind fürchtet, jemandem in seiner Familie könne etwas Schlimmes passieren. Die Angst vor einem „Schicksalsschlag in der Familie“ gehört neben der Angst vor „Sittlichkeitsverbrechen“ zu der häufigsten Angst der Kinder, insbesondere wenn sie zwischen 6 und 11 Jahre alt sind. Eine ausgeprägte und überdauernde Angst vor einem Schicksalsschlag in der Familie ist ein zentrales Merkmal von Kindern mit einer Störung mit Trennungsangst.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Klinische Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie Institut für Psychologie, Universität Basel, Missionsstraße 60-62, CH-4055, Basel

    Prof. Dr. Silvia Schneider & Lic. phil. Tina In-Albon

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  1. Prof. Dr. Silvia Schneider
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  2. Lic. phil. Tina In-Albon
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Schneider, S., In-Albon, T. (2004). Störung mit Trennungsangst. In: Angststörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18499-4_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18499-4_6

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