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Mycologic Endocrinology

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Microbial Endocrinology: Interkingdom Signaling in Infectious Disease and Health

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((MICENDO,volume 874))

Abstract

The interactions of fungi and chemical messenger molecules, hormones or pheromones, are addressed in this chapter. These interactions include mammalian fungal pathogens, also plant pathogens, or non-pathogenic fungi, which can result in functional responses in receptor- or non-receptor-mediated fashions. Endogenous ligands in the fungi have been demonstrated to be important for mating in a number of systems. Mammalian hormones have been demonstrated to have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on growth for organisms such as Candida albicans, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus nigricans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Coccidioides, and dermatophytic fungi. A number of fungi have been shown to have specific binding proteins for corticosteroid, estrogen and progesterone that are stereo-specific and high affinity. In some instances, the interactions of a mammalian hormone with the organism, in vivo, affects pathogenesis. Genome expression profiles of C. albicans in the presence of estradiol or progesterone, and S. cerevisiae with progesterone, indicate major up-regulation of various drug resistance pumps, like CDR1, and CDR2, can affect antifungal susceptibility. Azole antifungal interactions occur with fungal hormone binding proteins. Azoles also can block mammalian steroidogenesis. The finding of interactions of mammalian hormones with fungi and subsequent functional responses by the fungi, suggest that hormonal interactions with fungal systems has been conserved throughout evolution and have an important role in fungal pathogenesis, as well as in the overall biology of the organisms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, USA

    Karl V. Clemons Ph.D., Jata Shankar & David A. Stevens

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Karl V. Clemons Ph.D., Jata Shankar & David A. Stevens

Authors
  1. Karl V. Clemons Ph.D.
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  2. Jata Shankar
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  3. David A. Stevens
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Correspondence to Karl V. Clemons Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA

    Mark Lyte

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Clemons, K.V., Shankar, J., Stevens, D.A. (2016). Mycologic Endocrinology. In: Lyte, M. (eds) Microbial Endocrinology: Interkingdom Signaling in Infectious Disease and Health. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 874. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_16

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