Skip to main content

Appreciating and Promoting Resilience in Families

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Resilience in Children

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the role of resilience within families. Although the definition and structure of families have evolved over time, families continue to provide the primary context for a child’s development. Thus, the family provides a critical support system that can enhance the resilience exhibited by its members. Important family characteristics that promote resilience are positive parenting, family engagement, communicating and problem-solving, and adaptability and stability. Strategies to enhance family resilience are presented in this chapter, including the provision of family-centered services and addressing adverse childhood experiences. Also included is a description of Teachers and Parents as Partners (TAPP; Sheridan, The tough kid: Teachers and parents as partners. Pacific Northwest, 2014), an evidence-based, collaborative process designed to enhance families’ competencies to promote effective family outcomes.

Portions of this chapter were published originally in Sheridan, S. M., Sjuts, T. M., & Coutts, M. J. (2012). Understanding and promoting the development of resilience in families. In S. Goldstein & R. Brooks (Eds.), Handbook of resiliency in children; 2nd Edition (pp. 143–160). New York: Kluwer/Plenum Press.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adams, K. S., & Christenson, S. L. (2000). Trust and the family-school relationship: Examination of parent-teacher differences in elementary and secondary grades. Journal of School Psychology, 38, 477–497.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner, J. D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C., Perry, B. D., Dube, S. R., & Giles, W. H. (2006). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 256, 174–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-005-0624-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Antonovsky, A., & Sourani, T. (1988). Family sense of coherence and family adaptation. Journal of Marriage & the Family, 50, 79–92. https://doi.org/10.2307/352429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bayat, M. M. (2007). Evidence of resilience in families of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 702–714. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2007.00960.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bayer, C. L., & Cegala, D. J. (1992). Trait verbal aggressiveness and argumentativeness: Relations with parenting style. Western Journal of Communication, 56, 301–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergan, J. R., & Kratochwill, T. R. (1990). Behavioral consultation and therapy. Menum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Black, K., & Lobo, M. (2008). A conceptual review of family resilience factors. Journal of Family Nursing, 14, 33–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blodgett, C., & Lanigan, J. D. (2018). The association between adverse childhood experience (ACE) and school success in elementary school children. School Psychology Quarterly, 33, 137–146. https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000256

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experimental by nature and design. Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruner, C. (2017). ACE, place, race, and poverty: Building hope for children. Academy of Pediatrics, 17, S123–S129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.05.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christenson, S. L., & Sheridan, S. M. (2001). Schools and families: Creating essential connections for learning. Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, R. M. (1988). Parents as providers of linguistic and social capital. Educational Horizons, 66, 93–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, K. E., & Ladd, G. W. (2000). Connectedness and autonomy support in parent–child relationships: Links to children’s socioemotional orientation and peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 36, 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.36.4.485

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, O., Slonim, I., Finzi, R., & Leichtentritt, R. D. (2002). Family resilience: Israeli mothers’ perspectives. American Journal of Family Therapy, 30, 173–187. https://doi.org/10.1080/019261802753573876

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, D. A. (1990). Child-mother attachment of six-year-olds and social competence at school. Child Development, 61, 152–162. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131055

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conger, R. D., & Conger, K. J. (2002). Resilience in Midwestern families: Selected findings from the first decade of a prospective, longitudinal study. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 361–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00361

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conger, R. D., Wallace, L. E., Sun, Y., Simons, R. L., McLoyd, V. C., & Brody, G. H. (2002). Economic pressure in African American families: A replication and extension of the family stress model. Developmental Psychology, 38, 179–193.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Costigan, C. L., Floyd, F. J., Harter, K. M., & McClintock, J. C. (1997). Family process and adaptation to children with mental retardation: Disruption and resilience in family problem-solving interactions. Journal of Family Psychology, 11, 515–529. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.11.4.515

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cozza, S. J., & Lerner, R. M. (2013). Military children and families: Introducing the issue. Future of Children, 23, 3–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 487–496. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.113.3.487

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunst, C. J., & Kassow, D. Z. (2008). Caregiver sensitivity, contingent social responsiveness, and secure infant attachment. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 5, 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0100409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunst, C. J., & Trivette, C. M. (1987). Enabling and empowering families: Conceptual and intervention issues. School Psychology Review, 16, 443–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunst, C. J., Trivette, C. M., & Deal, A. G. (1988). Enabling and empowering families: Principles and guidelines for practice. Brookline.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunst, C. J., Trivette, C. M., Davis, M., & Cornwell, J. C. (1994a). Characteristics of effective help-giving practices. In C. J. Dunst, C. M. Trivette, & A. G. Deal (Eds.), Supporting and strengthening families. Vol. 1: Methods, strategies and practices (pp. 171–186). Brookline.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunst, C. J., Trivette, C. M., & Deal, A. G. (1994b). Supporting and strengthening families: Methods, strategies and practices. Brookline.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, N. B., Bishop, D., Ryan, C., Miller, I., & Keitner, G. (1993). In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes (pp. 138–160). Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P., & Marks, J. S. (1998). The relationship of adult health status to childhood. Abuse and household dysfunction. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 245–258.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fields, J. M., Smith, K., Bass, L. E., & Lugaila, T. (2001). A child’s day: Home, school, and play (Selected indicators of child well-being). (Current Population Reports, P70-68). U.S. Census Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frick, P. J. (1993). Childhood conduct problems in a family context. School Psychology Review, 22, 376–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galloway, J., & Sheridan, S. M. (1994). Implementing scientific practices through case studies: Examples using home-school interventions and consultation. Journal of School Psychology, 32, 385–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4405(94)90035-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garbarino, J. (1982). Children and families in the social environment. Aldine.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grusec, J. E., & Goodnow, J. J. (1994). Impact of parental discipline methods on the child’s internalization of values: A reconceptualization of current points of view. Developmental Psychology, 30, 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.30.1.4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutkin, T. B., & Curtis, M. J. (2009). School–based consultation: The science and practice of indirect service delivery. In T. B. Gutkin & C. R. Reynolds (Eds.), The handbook of school psychology (4th ed., pp. 591–635). Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, N. E. (2001). Parenting and academic socialization as they relate to school readiness: The roles of ethnicity and family income. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 686–697. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.93.4.686

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurt, H., & Betancourt, L. (2018). A portrait of disadvantage: Understanding poverty’s influence on child development. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keith, P. B., & Christenson, S. L. (1997). Parenting styles. In G. G. Bear, K. M. Minke, & A. Thomas (Eds.), Children’s needs II: Development, problems and alternatives (pp. 559–566). National Association of School Psychologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerns, K. A., Klepac, L., & Cole, A. (1996). Peer relationships and preadolescents’ perception of security in the child-mother relationship. Developmental Psychology, 32, 457–466.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, M., Stattin, H., & Ozdemir, M. (2012). Perceived parenting style and adolescent adjustment: Revisiting directions of effects and the role of parental knowledge. Developmental Psychology, 48, 15–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kreider, R. M., & Elliott, D. B. (2009). America’s families and living arrangements: 2007. (Current Population Reports, P20-561). U.S. Census Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krinsley, K. E., & Bry, B. H. (1991). Sequential analyses of adolescent, mother, and father behaviors in distressed and nondistressed families. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 13, 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1300/J019v13n04_03

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kwok, O., Haine, R. A., Sandler, I. N., Ayers, T. S., Wolchik, S. A., & Tein, J. (2005). Positive parenting as a mediator of the relations between parental psychological distress and mental health problems of parentally bereaved children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 260–271. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3402_5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leaper, C., Hauser, S. T., Kremen, A., & Powers, S. I. (1989). Adolescent–parent interactions in relation to adolescents’ gender and ego development pathway: A longitudinal study. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 9, 335–361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431689093009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucia, V. C., & Breslau, N. (2006). Family cohesion and children’s behavior problems: A longitudinal investigation. Psychiatry Research, 141, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2005.06.009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71, 543–562.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4, Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 469–546). Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald, K. (1992). Warmth as a developmental construct: An evolutionary analysis. Child Development, 63, 753–773. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martens, B. K., & DiGennaro, F. D. (2008). Behavioral consultation. In W. P. Erchul & S. M. Sheridan (Eds.), Handbook of research in school consultation: Empirical foundations for the field. Taylor and Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCubbin, H. I., & McCubbin, M. A. (1988). Typologies of resilient families: Emerging roles of social class and ethnicity. Family Relations, 37, 247–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCubbin, H. I., McCubbin, M. A., & Thompson, A. I. (1993). Resiliency in families: The role of family schema and appraisal in family adaptation to crises. In T. H. Brubaker (Ed.), Family relations: Challenges for the future (pp. 153–177). Sage.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • McFarlane, A. C. (2009). Military deployment: The impact on children and family adjustment and the need for care. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 22, 369–373. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e32832c9064

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McLoyd, V. C. (1998). Socioeconomic disadvantage and child development. American Psychologist, 53, 185–204.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien, M. P., Zinberg, J. L., Ho, L., Rudd, A., Kopelowicz, A., Daley, M., et al. (2009). Family problem solving interactions and 6-month symptomatic and functional outcomes in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis and with recent onset psychotic symptoms: A longitudinal study. Schizophrenia Research, 107, 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2008.10.008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, C. (2008). A theory of risk and resilience factors in military families. Military Psychology, 20, 205–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, J. (2002a). Integrating family resilience and family stress theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 349–360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00349.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, J. M. (2002b). Understanding family resilience. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 233–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10019

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petterson, S. M., & Albers, A. B. (2001). Effects of poverty and maternal depression on early child development. Child Development, 72, 1794–1813.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pianta, R. C., & Walsh, D. J. (1996). High-risk children in schools: Constructing sustaining relationships. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R. (1999). The Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: Towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2, 71–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., Dadds, M. R., Johnston, B. M., & Cash, R. (1992). Childhood depression and conduct disorder: I. Behavioral, affective, and cognitive aspects of family problem-solving interactions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.101.3.495

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seccombe, K. (2002). “Beating the odds” versus “changing the odds”: Poverty, resilience, and family policy. Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy, 64, 384–394.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sege, R. D., & Harper, B. C. (2017). Responding to ACEs with HOPE: Health outcomes from positive experiences. Academy of Pediatrics, 17, S79–S85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.03.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M. (2014). The tough kid: Teachers and parents as partners. Ancora.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., & Burt, J. B. (2009). Family-centered positive psychology. In C. R. Synder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (2nd ed., pp. 551–559). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., & Gutkin, T. B. (2000). The ecology of school psychology: Examining and changing our paradigm for the 21st century. School Psychology Review, 29, 485–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., & Kratochwill, T. R. (2008). Conjoint behavioral consultation: Promoting family-school connections and interventions. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., Kratochwill, T. R., & Bergan, J. R. (1996a). Conjoint behavioral consultation: A procedural manual. Plenum.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., Welch, M., & Orme, S. (1996b). Is consultation effective? A review of outcome research. Remedial and Special Education, 17, 341–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., Erchul, W. P., Brown, M. S., Dowd, S. E., Warnes, E. D., Marti, D. C., Schemm, A. V., & Eagle, J. W. (2004). Perceptions of helpfulness in conjoint behavioral consultation: Congruity and agreement between teachers and parents. Psychology Quarterly, 19, 121–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, S. M., Marvin, C. A., Knoche, L. L., & Edwards, C. P. (2008). Getting ready: Promoting school readiness through a relationship-based partnership model. Early Childhood Services, 3, 149–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Short, R. J., & Shapiro, S. K. (1993). Conduct disorders: A framework for understanding and intervention in schools and communities. School Psychology Review, 22, 362–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simon, J. B., Murphy, J. J., & Smith, S. M. (2005). Understanding and fostering family resilience. The Family Journal, 13, 427–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sroufe, L. (1989). Pathways to adaptation and maladaptation: Psychopathology as developmental deviation. In D. Cicchetti (Ed.), The emergence of a discipline: Rochester symposium on developmental psychopathology (Vol. 1, pp. 13–40). Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, D. L., & Baker, D. P. (1987). The family-school relation and the child’s school performance. Child Development, 58, 1348–1357.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turnbull, A. P., Turnbull, H. R., Erwin, E. J., Soodak, L. C., & Shogren, K. A. (2015). Families, professionals, and exceptionality: Positive outcomes though partnerships and trust (7th ed.). Pearson.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2000). U.S. census of population and housing. Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2019a). America’s families and living arrangements: 2019. Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2019b). Historical living arrangements of children: 2019. Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, F. (1996). The concept of family resilience: Crisis and challenge. Family Process, 35, 261–281.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, F. (2003). Family resilience: A framework for clinical practice. Family Process, 42, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2003.00001.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Welch, M., & Sheridan, S. M. (1995). Educational partnerships: Serving students at-risk. Harcourt-Brace Jovanovich.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyman, P. A., Cowen, E. L., Work, W. C., & Parker, G. R. (1991). Developmental and family milieu correlates of resilience in urban children who have experienced major life stress. American Journal of Community Psychology, 19, 405–426.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John W. Eagle .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Eagle, J.W., Sheridan, S.M. (2023). Appreciating and Promoting Resilience in Families. In: Goldstein, S., Brooks, R.B. (eds) Handbook of Resilience in Children. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14728-9_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics