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A Biosocial Model of BPD: Theory and Empirical Evidence

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Handbook of Borderline Personality Disorder in Children and Adolescents

Abstract

In this chapter, we describe our biosocial developmental model of borderline personality disorder (BPD) with particular attention to recent empirical findings. We discuss core constructs and theories for conceptualizing BPD. Reliable biological and environmental precursors to BPD are reviewed and discussed within the greater context of the developmental psychopathology perspective. Particular attention is given to complex heterotypic trajectories have been identified and supported via recent longitudinal research. Based on existing evidence, we hypothesize that trait impulsivity and emotional sensitivity interact with family-level risk factors to increase risk for BPD. We also theorize that self-inflicted injury and other clinical features that emerge by adolescence are reliable predictors of later BPD onset for many individuals. Finally, we highlight future directions for research, intervention, and prevention of adolescent BPD traits.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The ideal prospective longitudinal study would assess relevant genetic risk markers and temperamental characteristics in infancy, neurological functioning, parental psychopathology and health behaviors across development, contextual risk factors at multiple levels of analysis, and internalizing, externalizing, and BPD-specific problems at every time point. By early adolescence, adult BPD criteria could be assessed along with developmentally normed measures. Genotyping would allow for tests of gene–environment interactions (G × E) and correlations (rGE). Such studies would continue into young adulthood, at which time most cases of BPD could be identified. Current longitudinal studies either neglected to assess BPD-relevant problems across development, have small sample sizes, or did not follow participants into young adulthood.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Utah, 380 South 1530 East, Room 502, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Sheila E. Crowell

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Erin A. Kaufman

  3. Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Theodore P. Beauchaine

Authors
  1. Sheila E. Crowell
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  2. Erin A. Kaufman
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  3. Theodore P. Beauchaine
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sheila E. Crowell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

    Carla Sharp

  2. Dept. Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

    Jennifer L. Tackett

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Crowell, S.E., Kaufman, E.A., Beauchaine, T.P. (2014). A Biosocial Model of BPD: Theory and Empirical Evidence. In: Sharp, C., Tackett, J. (eds) Handbook of Borderline Personality Disorder in Children and Adolescents. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0591-1_11

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