Abstract
Behaviorally, the essential features of bulimia nervosa are frequent binge eating and some form of purging or marked calorie restriction. Though it has only recently been identified as a distinct disorder, there is evidence that the condition has existed for some time. For example, the Greek physician Galen reported the disorder in the second century A.D., and in the mid-1800s French writers noted that bulimia occurred in diabetics (Stein & Laakso, 1988). Partly because of an article by Boskind-Lodahl & White (1978), in which they described a disorder they termed “bulimarexia,” interest in bulimia surged in the late 1970s. Most encouragingly, significant research progress has occurred so that much more is known about the essential psychopathology of the disorder as well as about the components of successful treatment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agras, W.S., Schneider, J.A., Arnow, B., Raeburn, S.D., & Telch, C.F. (1989) Cognitive-behavioral treatment with and without exposure plus response prevention in the treatment of bulimia nervosa: A reply to Leitenberg and Rosen. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 778–779.
Allerdissen, R., Florin, I., & Rost, W. (1981) Psychological characteristics of women with bulimia nervosa (bulimarexia). Behavioral Analysis and Modification, 4, 314–317.
American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.; DSM-m). Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., rev.; DSM-III-R). Washington, DC: Author.
Arbitell, M.R., & Mizes, J.S. (1988). Typographical and descriptive variables in bulimia nervosa: A controlled comparison. Paper presented at the Southeastern Psychological Association Convention, New Orleans.
Boskind-Lodahl, M., & White, W.C. (1978) The definition and treatment of bulimarexia in college women: A pilot study. Journal of the American College Health Association, 27, 84–97.
Bulik, C.M. (1987) Drug and alcohol abuse by bulimic women and their families. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1604–1606.
Cash, T.F., & Brown, T.A. (1987) Body image in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Behavior Modification, 11, 487–521.
Cutts, T.F., & Barrios, B.A. (1986) Fear of weight gain among bulimic and nondisturbed females. Behavior Therapy, 17, 626–636.
Davis, C.J., Williamson, D.A., Goreczny, A.J., & Bennett, S.M. (1989) Body-image disturbances and bulimia nervosa: An empirical analysis of recent revisions of the DSM-III. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 11, 61–69.
Davis, R., Freeman, R.J., & Garner, D.M. (1988) A naturalistic investigation of eating behavior in bulimia nervosa. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 273–279.
Duchmann, E.G., Williamson, D.A., & Stricker, P.M. (1989) Bulimia, dietary restraint, and concern for dieting. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 11, 1–13.
Fairburn, C.G. (1985). A cognitive-behavioral treatment of bulimia. In D.M. Garner & P.E. Garfinkel (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa and bulimia (pp. 160–192). New York: Guilford Press.
Fairburn, C.G., & Garner, D.M. (1986) The diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5, 403–419.
Fairburn, C.G., Kirk, J., O’Connor, M., & Cooper, P.J. (1986) A comparison of two psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 24, 629–643.
Fairburn, C.G., Phil, M., & Beglin, S.J. (1990) Studies of the epidemiology of bulimia nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 401–408.
Fava, M., Herzog, D.B., Hamburg, P., Riess, H., Anfang, S., & Rosenbaum, J.F. (1990) Long-term use of fluoxetine in bulimia nervosa: A retrospective study. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 2, 53–56.
Freeman, C., Sinclair, F., Turnbull, J., & Annandale, A. (1985) Psychotherapy for bulimia: A controlled study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 19, 473–478.
Garner, D.M., & Bemis, K.M. (1982) A cognitive-behavioral approach to anorexia nervosa. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6, 123–150.
Garner, D.M., & Olmsted, M.P. (1984). Eating Disorder Inventory manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Garner, D.M., Olmsted, M.P., Bohr, Y., & Garfinkel, P.E. (1982) The Eating Attitudes Test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 12, 871–878.
Garner, D.M., Garfinkel, P.E., & O’Shaughnessy, M. (1985) The validity of the distinction between bulimia with and without anorexia nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 581–587.
Garner, D.M., Fairburn, C.G., & Davis, R. (1987) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of bulimia nervosa: A critical appraisal. Behavior Modification, 11, 398–431.
Garner, D.M., Olmsted, M.P., Davis, R., Rockert, W., Goldbloom, D., & Eagle, M. (1990) The association between bulimic symptoms and reported psychopathology. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 9, 1–15.
Giles, T.R., Young, R.R., & Young, D.E. (1985) Behavioral treatment of severe bulimia. Behavior Therapy, 16, 393–405.
Gormally, J., Rardin, D., & Black, S. (1980) Correlates of successful response to a behavioral weight control clinic. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 14, 701–704.
Head, S.B., Williamson, D.A., Duchmann, E.G., & Bennett, R.T. (1988, November). Bulimia nervosa: Association with Axis I and Axis II disorders. Paper presented at the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy Convention, New York.
Heilbrun, A.B., & Bloomfield, D.L. (1986) Cognitive differences between bulimic and anorexic females: Self-control deficits in bulimia. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5, 209–222.
Hillard, J.R., & Hillard, P.J.A. (1984) Bulimia, anorexia nervosa, and diabetes: Deadly combinations. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 7, 367–379.
Hinz, L.D., & Williamson, D.A. (1987) Bulimia and depression: A review of the affective variant hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 102, 150–158.
Hudson, J.I., Pope Jr., H.G., Yurgelun-Todd, D., Jones, J.M., & Frankenburg, F.R. (1987) A controlled study of lifetime prevalence of affective and other psychiatric disorders in bulimic outpatients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1283–1287.
Jacobs, M.B., & Schneider, J.A. (1985) Medical complications of bulimia: A prospective evaluation. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 54, 177–182.
Johnson, C. (1985). Initial consultation for patients with bulimia and anorexia nervosa. In D.M. Garner & P.E. Garfinkel (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa and bulimia (pp. 19–54). New York: Guilford Press.
Johnson, C., & Larson, R. (1982) Bulimia: An analysis of moods and behavior. Psychosomatic Medicine, 44, 341–351.
Johnson, C., Tobin, D., & Enright, A. (1989) Prevalence and clinical characteristics of borderline patients in an eating disordered population. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 50, 9–15.
Johnson, W.G., Corrigan, S.A., Crusco, A.H., & Schlundt, D.G. (1986) Restraint among bulimic women. Addictive Behaviors, 11, 351–354.
Katzman, M.A., & Wolchik, S.A. (1984) Bulimia and binge eating in college women: A comparison of eating patterns and personality characteristics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 423–428.
Kettlewell, P.W., Mizes, J.S., & Wasylyshyn, N. (1992). A cognitive behavioral group treatment of bulimia. Behavior Therapy, 23.
Klesges, R.C., Mizes, J.S., & Klesges, L.M. (1987) Self-help dieting strategies in college males and females. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 409–417.
Larson, R., & Johnson, C. (1985) Bulimia: Disturbed patterns of solitude. Addictive Behaviors, 10, 281–290.
Leitenberg, H., & Rosen, J. (1989) Cognitive-behavioral therapy with and without exposure plus response prevention in treatment of bulimia nervosa: Comment on Agras, Schneider, Arnow, Raeburn, and Telch. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 776–777.
Linehan, M.M. (1987) Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 51, 261–276.
Marcus, M.D., & Wing, R.R. (1987) Binge eating among the obese. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 9, 23–27.
Marcus, M.D., Wing, R.R., & Hopkins, J. (1988) Obese binge eaters: Affects, cognitions and responses to behavioral weight control. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 433–439.
Mitchell, J.E., Pyle, R.L., Hatsukami, D., & Eckert, E.D. (1986) What are atypical eating disorders? Psychosomatics, 27, 21–28.
Mitchell, P.B. (1988) The pharmacological management of bulimia nervosa: A critical review. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 7, 29–41.
Mizes, J.S. (1985) Bulimia: A review of its symptomatology and treatment. Advances in Behavior Research and Therapy, 7, 91–142.
Mizes, J.S. (1988a) Controlled comparisons of bulimics and noneating disordered controls on the MMPI-168. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 7, 425–428.
Mizes, J.S. (1988b) Personality characteristics of bulimic and non-eating-disordered female controls: A cognitive behavioral perspective. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 7, 541–550.
Mizes, J.S. (1989) Assertion deficits in bulimia nervosa: Assessment via behavioral, self-report and cognitive measures. Behavior Therapy, 20, 603–608.
Mizes, J.S. (1990) Criterion-related validity of the Anorectic Cognitions questionnaire. Addictive Behaviors, 15, 153–163.
Mizes, J.S. (1991a) Construct validity and factor stability in the Anorectic Cognitions questionnaire. Addictive Behaviors, 16, 89–93.
Mizes, J.S. (1991b) Validity of the Body Image Detection Device. Addictive Behaviors, 16, 411–417.
Mizes, J.S. (1992a) The Body Image Detection Device versus subjective measures of weight dissatisfaction: A validity comparison. Addictive Behavior, 17, 125–136.
Mizes, J.S. (1992b) Validity of the Mizes Anorectic Cognitions scale: A comparison between anorectics, bulimics, and psychiatric controls. Addictive Behavior, 17, 283–289.
Mizes, J.S., & Arbitell, M.R. (1991) Bulimics’ perceptions of emotional responding during binge-purge episodes. Psychological Reports, 69, 527–532.
Mizes, J.S., & Fleece, E.L. (1986) On the use of progressive relaxation in the treatment of bulimia: A single-subject design study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5, 169–176.
Mizes, J.S., & Klesges, R.C. (1989) Validity, reliability, and factor structure of the Anorectic Cognitions questionnaire. Addictive Behaviors, 14, 589–594.
Mizes, J.S., & Lohr, J.M. (1983). The treatment of bulimia (binge-eating and self-induced vomiting): A quasi-experimental investigation of the effects of stimulus narrowing, self-reinforcement and self-control relaxation. International Journal of Eating Disordersm 2, 59–65.
Oppenheimer, R., Howells, K., Palmer, R.L., & Chaloner, D.A. (1985) Adverse sexual experience in childhood and clinical eating disorders: A preliminary description. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 19, 357–361.
Phelan, P.W. (1987) Cognitive correlates of bulimia: The Bulimic Thoughts Questionnaire. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 593–607.
Polivy, J., & Herman, C.P. (1987) Diagnosis and treatment of normal eating. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 625–635.
Pope, H.G., & Hudson, J.I. (1989) Are the eating disorders associated with borderline personality disorder? A critical review. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 8, 1–10.
Rodin, J., Silberstein, L., & Striegel-Moore, R. (1984). Women and weight: A normative discontent. In T.B. Sonderegger (Ed.), Psychology and gender: Nebraska Symposium on Motivation (pp. 267–307). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Rosen, J.C. (1987) A review of behavioral treatments for bulimia nervosa. Behavior Modification, 11, 464–486.
Rosen, J.C., & Leitenberg, H. (1985). Exposure plus response prevention treatment of bulimia. In D.M. Garner & P.E. Garfinkel (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa and bulimia (pp. 193–209). New York: Guilford Press.
Rosen, J.C., Leitenberg, H., Fondacaro, K.M., Gross, J., & Willmuth, M. (1985) Standardized test meals in assessment of eating behavior in bulimia nervosa: Consumption of feared foods when vomiting is prevented. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 4, 59–70.
Ruderman, A.J. (1986) Bulimia and irrational beliefs. Behavior Research and Therapy, 24, 193–197.
Ruggiero, L., Williamson, D., Davis, C.J., Schlundt, D.G., & Carey, M.P. (1988) Forbidden food survey: Measure of bulimic’s anticipated emotional reactions to specific foods. Addictive Behaviors, 13, 267–274.
Schlundt, D.G., Johnson, W.G., & Jarrell, M.P. (1986) A sequential analysis of environmental, behavioral, and affective variables predictive of vomiting in bulimia nervosa. Behavioral Assessment, 8, 253–269.
Schulman, R.G., Kinder, B.N., Powers, P.S., Prange, M., & Gleghorn, A. (1986) The development of a scale to measure cognitive distortions in bulimia. Journal of Personality Assessment, 50, 630–639.
Shatford, L.A., & Evans, D.R. (1986) Bulimia as a manifestation of the stress process: A LISREL causal modeling analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5, 451–473.
Sloan, G., & Leichner, P. (1986) Is there a relationship between sexual abuse or incest and eating disorders? Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 31, 656–660.
Smith, M.C., & Thelen, M.H. (1984) Development and validation of a test for bulimia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 863–872.
Stancin, J., Link, D.L., & Reuter, J.M. (1989) Binge eating and purging in young women with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 12, 601–603.
Stein, D.M., & Laakso, W. (1988) Bulimia: A historical perspective. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 7, 201–210.
Strober, M., & Humphrey, L.L. (1987) Familial contributions to the etiology and course of anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 654–659.
Turner, R.M. (1989) Case study evaluations of a bio-cognitive-behavioral approach for the treatment of borderline personality disorder. Behavior Therapy, 20, 477–489.
Van Buren, D.J., & Williamson, D.A. (1988) Marital relationships and conflict resolution skills of bulimics. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 7, 735–741.
Whitehouse, A.M., Freeman, C.L., & Annandale, A. (1986) Body size estimation in bulimia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 98–103.
Williamson, D.A. (1990). Assessment of eating disorders: Obesity, anorexia, and bulimia nervosa. New York: Pergamon Press.
Williamson, D.A., Kelley, M.L., Davis, C.J., Ruggiero, K., & Blouin, D.C. (1985) Psychopathology of eating disorders: A controlled comparison of bulimic, obese, and normal subjects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 161–166.
Williamson, D.A., Prather, R.C., Upton, L., Davis, C.J., Ruggiero, L., & Van Buren, D. (1987) Severity of bulimia: Relationship with depression and other psychopathology. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 39–47.
Williamson, D.A., Goreczny, A.J., Davis, C.J., Ruggiero, L., & McKenzie, S.J. (1988) Psychophysiological analysis of the anxiety model of bulimia nervosa. Behavior Therapy, 19, 1–9.
Williamson, D.A., Davis, C.J., Goreczny, A.J., & Blouin, D.C. (1989a) Body-image disturbances in bulimia nervosa: Influences of actual body size. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 97–99.
Williamson, D.A., Prather, R.C., Bennett, S.M., Davis, C.J., Watkins, P.C., & Greenier, C.E. (1989b) An uncontrolled evaluation of inpatient and outpatient cognitive-behavior therapy for bulimia nervosa. Behavior Modification, 13, 340–360.
Wiliamson, D.A., Davis, C.J., Goreczny, A.J., Bennett, S.M., & Gleaves, D.H. (1992) Development of a simple procedure for assessing body image disturbances. Behavioral Assessment, 11, 433–446.
Willmuth, M.E., Leitenberg, H., Rosen, J.C., Fondacaro, K.M., & Gross, J. (1985) Body size distortion in bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 4, 71–78.
Yates, A. (1989) Current perspectives on the eating disorders: 1. History, psychological and biological aspects. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 813–828.
Yates, W.R., Bowers, W.A., Carney, C.P., & Fulton, A.I. (1990) Is bulimia nervosa related to alcohol abuse? A personality analysis. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 2, 23–27.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mizes, J.S. (1993). Bulimia Nervosa. In: Bellack, A.S., Hersen, M. (eds) Handbook of Behavior Therapy in the Psychiatric Setting. Critical Issues in Psychiatry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2430-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2430-8_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-2432-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-2430-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive