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Toward an Empirical Child Psychopathology

  • Chapter
Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Childhood

Abstract

In the course of the last 20 years, the clinical term used to describe overactive, distractible, and impulsive children has changed from hyperactive to attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH) of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of DSM-III-R. DSM-IV will use the term attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and subdistinguishes attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type, predominantly hyperactive-Impulsive type, and a combined type, if both inattention and impulsivity criteria are met for the past six months. The changes in diagnostic taxonomy have been arrived at by clinical opinion and are not based upon empirical findings. Quay (1988) argued that clinical child psychology needs a strong hypothetico—deductive approach in order to base taxonomies on empirical evidence. In this spirit, we have researched ADDH from a theoretical model of attention that has well-established paradigms and lawful relations. The conclusion of this work has led us to suggest that children with attention deficit with hyperactivity are not attentional deficient (Sergeant, 1981), and that this is a misconception (van der Meere, 1988). This conclusion is counterintuitive. Indeed, Barkley (1991) has raised the issue of whether such experimental paradigms, such as the continuous performance task, have ecological validity for ADDH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Joseph A. Sergeant

  2. Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Jaap Van Der Meere

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  1. Joseph A. Sergeant
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  2. Jaap Van Der Meere
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  1. University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA

    Donald K. Routh

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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Sergeant, J.A., Van Der Meere, J. (1994). Toward an Empirical Child Psychopathology. In: Routh, D.K. (eds) Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Childhood. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1501-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1501-6_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1503-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1501-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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