Skip to main content

Coping with Childhood Peer Rejection

  • Chapter
Handbook of Children’s Coping

Part of the book series: Issues in Clinical Child Psychology ((ICCP))

Abstract

Childhood peer rejection has received a great deal of attention in developmental psychopathology and intervention research over the past 10 years. Interest in this phenomenon stems from evidence that childhood peer rejection is related to a variety of negative outcomes in adolescence and adulthood (Kupersmidt, Coie, & Dodge, 1990; Parker & Asher, 1987). Although we have a good understanding of both the outcomes of childhood peer rejection as well as the behaviors that lead children to be rejected by their peers (Coie, Dodge, & Kupersmidt, 1990), much less attention has been focused on the experience of childhood peer rejection and how children cope with being rejected by their peers. We know that rejected children in general are subjected to more aversive interpersonal interactions in school than nonrejected children (Boivin, Cote, & Dion, 1991; Perry, Kusel, & Perry, 1989), and we know that at least some rejected children report experiencing significant amounts of distress with regard to their low peer status (Asher, Hymel, & Renshaw, 1984; Asher, Parkhurst, Hymel, & Williams, 1990; Asher & Wheeler, 1985; Parkhurst & Asher, 1992). Thus, the experience of peer rejection appears to be a stressful one; however, there are currently no studies in the literature that conceptualize peer rejection in a stress and coping framework. There are probably several reasons for this.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Asher, S. R. (1985). An evolving paradigm in social skill training research with children. In B. H. Schneider, K. H. Rubin, & J. E. Ledingham (Eds.), Children’s peer relations: Issues in assessment and intervention (pp. 157–171). New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1986). Identifying children who are rejected by their peers. Developmental Psychology, 22, 444–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S. R., Hymel, S., & Renshaw, P. D. (1984). Loneliness in children. Child Development, 55, 1456–1464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S., Parkhurst, J. T., Hymel, S., & Williams, G. A. (1990). Peer rejection and loneliness in childhood. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 253–273). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S. R., & Wheeler, V. A. (1985). Children’s loneliness: A comparison of rejected and neglected peer status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 500–505.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S. R., Zelis, K. M., Parker, J. G., & Bruene, C. M. (1991). Self-referral for peer relations problems among aggressive and withdrawn low-accepted children. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierman, K. L., & Furman, W. (1984). The effects of social skills training and peer involvement on the social adjustment of preadolescents. Child Development, 55, 151–162.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M., & Begin, G. (1989). Peer status and self-perception among early elementary school children: The case of the rejected children. Child Development, 60, 591–596.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M., Cote, L., & Dion, M. (1991). The self-perceptions and peer experiences of aggressive-rejected and withdrawn-rejected children. Paper presented at the eleventh biennial meeting of the International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development, Minneapolis, MN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M., Poulin, F., & Vitaro, F. (1994). Depressed mood and peer rejection in children. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 483–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M., Thomassin, L., & Alain, M. (1988). Peer rejection and self-perceptions among early elementary school children: Aggressive rejectees vs. withdrawn rejectees. Paper presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute: Social Competence in Developmental Perspective, Savoie, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boldizar, J. P., Perry, D. G., & Perry, L. C. (1989). Outcome values and aggression. Child Development, 60, 571–579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, L. J. (1984). Preadolescent children’s differential processing of social information in the peer group. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cillessen, A. H. N., van Ijzendoorn, H. W., van Leishout, C. F. M., & Hartup, W. W. (1992). Heterogeneity among peer rejected boys: Subtypes and stabilities. Child Development, 63, 893–905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cillessen, A. H. N., van Leishout, C. F. M., & Haselager, G. J. T. (1992). Children’s problems caused by consistent rejection in early elementary school. In J. B. Kupersmidt (Chair), Longitudinal research in child psychopathology: Peer rejection and children’s behavior adjustment. Symposium conducted at the Centennial Convention of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D. (1985). Fitting social skills intervention to the target group. In B. H. Schneider, K. H. Rubin, & J. E. Ledingham (Eds.), Children’s peer relations: Issues in assessment and intervention (pp. 141–156). New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D. (1990). Toward a theory of peer rejection. In S. A. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 365–401). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., & Dodge, K. A. (1983). Continuities and changes in children’s sociometric status: A fiveyear longitudinal study. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 29, 261–282.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., & Coppotelli, H. (1982). Dimensions and types of social status: A cross-age perspective. Developmental Psychology, 18, 557–570.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., & Kupersmidt, J. B. (1990). Peer group behavior and social status. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 17–59). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., Terry, R., & Wright, V. (1991). The role of aggression in peer relations: An analysis of aggression episodes in boys’ play groups. Child Development, 62, 812–826.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., & Koeppl, G. K. (1990). Adapting intervention to the problems of aggressive and disruptive rejected children. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 309–337). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., & Krehbiel, G. (1984). Effects of academic tutoring on the social status of low-achieving, socially rejected children. Child Development, 55, 1465–1478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., & Kupersmidt, J. B. (1983). A behavioral analysis of emerging social status in boys’ groups. Child Development, 54, 1400–1416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., Lochman, J. E., Terry, R., & Hyman, C. (1992). Predicting adolescent disorder from childhood aggression and peer rejection. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 783–792.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., Terry, R., Lenox, K., Lochman, J., & Hyman, C. (1995). Childhood peer rejection and aggression as predictors of stable patterns of adolescent disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 699–714.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Compas, B. E. (1987). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 393–403.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cowen, E. L., Pederson, A., Babigian, H., Izzo, L. D., & Trost, M. A. (1973). Long-term follow-up of early detected vulnerable children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 41, 438–446.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeLawyer, D. D., & Foster, S. L. (1986). The effects of peer relationship on the functions of interpersonal behaviors in children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 15, 127–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, K. A. (1983). Behavioral antecedents of per social status. Child Development, 54, 1386–1399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, K. A., Schlundt, D. G., Schocken, I., & Delugach, J. D. (1983). Social competence and children’s sociometric status: The role of peer group entry strategies. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 29, 309–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21, 219–239.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it challenges it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 150–170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • French, D. C. (1988). Heterogeneity of peer rejected boys: Aggressive and nonaggressive subtypes. Child Development, 59, 976–985.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Furman, W., & Bierman, K. L. (1983). Developmental changes in young children’s conceptions of friendship. Child Development, 54, 549–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goetz, T. E., & Dweck, C. S. (1980). Learned helplessness in social situations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 246–255.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gottman, J., Gonso, J., & Rasmussen, B. (1975). Social interaction, social competence, and friendship in children. Child Development, 46, 709–718.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gottman, J., Gonso, J., & Schuler, P. (1976). Teaching social skills to isolated children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 4, 179–197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M., & Nagle, R. J. (1980). Social skills training with children: Responsiveness to modeling and coaching as a function of peer orientation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 718–729.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hymel, S. (1986). Interpretations of peer behavior: Affective bias in childhood and adolescence. Child Development, 57, 431–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hymel, S., & Asher, S. A. (1977). Assessment and training of isolated children’s social skills. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans, LA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hymel, S., Wagner, E., & Butler, L. (1990). Reputational bias: View from the peer group. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 253–273). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isen, A. M. (1984). Toward understanding the role of affect in cognition. In Wire & Srull (Eds.), Handbook of social cognition (Vol. 3, pp. 179–236). Hillsdale, NJ: Fervlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, M. R. (1996). A developmental perspective on peer rejection: Mechanisms of stability and change. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Duke University, Durham, NC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krohne, H. W. (1979). Parental child-rearing behavior and the development of anxiety and coping strategies in children. In I. G. Sarason & C. D. Speilberger (Eds.), Stress and anxiety (Vol. 7, pp. 233–245). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kupersmidt, J. B., & Coie, J. D. (1985). The prediction of delinquency and school-related problems from childhood peer status. Unpublished manuscript, Duke University, Durham, NC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kupersmidt, J. B., Coie, J. D., & Dodge, K. A. (1990). The role of peer relationships in the development of disorder. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 274–305). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladd, G. W. (1981). Effectiveness of a social learning method for enhancing children’s social interaction and peer acceptance. Child Development, 52, 171–178.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ladd, G. W. (1985). Documenting the effects of social skills training with children: Process and outcome assessment. In B. H. Schneider, K. H. Rubin, & J. E. Ledingham (Eds.), Children’s peer relations: Issues in assessment and intervention (pp. 243–269). New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • LaGreca, A. M., & Santogrossi, D. (1980). Social skills training with elementary school students: A behavioral group approach. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 220–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lochman, J. E., Coie, J. D., Underwood, M. K., & Terry, R. (1993). Effectiveness of a social relations intervention program for aggressive and nonaggressive rejected children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 1053–1058.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lochman, J. E., & Wayland, K. K. (1994). Aggression social acceptance and race as predictors of negative adolescent outcomes. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 1026–1035.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R., Green, S. M., & Lahey, B. B. (1990). Mental health professionals’ perceptions of the utility of children, parents, and teachers as informants on childhood psychopathology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 19, 136–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, S. M. (1981). Predictability and human stress: Toward clarification of evidence and theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 14, pp. 203–255). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, S. M., & Green, M. L. (1984). Coping with stress and frustration: Origins, nature, and development. In M. Lewis & C. Saarni (Eds.), The socialization of emotions (pp. 263–314). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newcomb, A. F., & Bukowski, W. M. (1983). Social impact and social preference as determinants of children’s peer groups status. Developmental Psychology, 19, 856–867.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oden, S., & Asher, S. R. (1977). Coaching children in social skills for friendship-making. Child Development, 48, 495–506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1987). Peer relations and later personal adjustment: Are low-accepted children “at risk”? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 357–389.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parkhurst, J. T., & Asher, S. R. (1987). The social concerns of aggressive-rejected children. In J. D. Coie (Chair), Types of aggression and peer status: The social functions and consequences of children’s aggression. Symposium conducted at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkhurst, J. T., & Asher, S. R. (1992). Peer rejection in middle school: Subgroup differences in behavior, loneliness, and interpersonal concerns. Developmental Psychology, 28, 231–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, C. J., Kupersmidt, J. B., & Griesler, P. C. (1990). Children’s perceptions of self and of relationships with others as a function of sociometric status. Child Development, 61, 1335–1349.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1982). A social learning approach: Coercive family processes. Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry, D. G., Kusel, S. J., & Perry, L. C. (1989). Victims of peer aggression. Developmental Psychology, 24, 807–814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, D. G., Perry, L. C., & Weiss, R. J. (1989). Sex differences in the consequences that children anticipate for aggression. Developmental Psychology, 25, 312–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putallaz, M. (1983). Predicting children’s sociometric status from their behavior. Child Development, 54, 1417–1426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putallaz, M., & Gottman, J. M. (1981). An interactional model of children’s entry into peer groups. Child Development, 52, 986–994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putallaz, M., & Shepard, B. H. (1990). Social status and children’s orientation to limited resources. Child Development, 61, 2022–2027.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rabiner, D. L., & Gordon, L. (1993). Relations between children’s self-concepts and social interaction strategies; differences between rejected and accepted boys. Social Development, 2, 83–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rabiner, D. L., & Keane, S. P. (1991). Children’s beliefs about peers in relation to their social status. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roff, M. (1960). Relations between certain preservice factors and psychoneurosis during military duty. Armed Forces Medical Journal, 11, 152–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roff, M. (1961). Childhood social interactions and young adult bad conduct. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 333–337.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roff, M., Sells, S. B., & Golden, M. M. (1972). Social adjustment and personality development in children. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, S., & Cohen, L. J. (1986). Approach, avoidance, and coping with stress. American Psychologist, 41, 813–819.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Routh, D. K. (1990). Taxonomy in developmental psychopathology. In M. Lewis & S. M. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of developmental psychopathology (pp. 53–62). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, K. H., LeMare, L. J., & Lollis, S. (1990). Social withdrawal in childhood: Developmental pathways to peer rejection. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 217–249). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, D., Dodge, K. A., & Coie, J. D. (1993). The emergence of chronic victimization in boys’ play groups. Child Development, 64, 1755–1772.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siperstein, G. N., & Gale, M. E. (1983). Improving peer relationships of rejected children. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Detroit, MI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spivack, G., & Shure, M. B. (1982). The cognition of social adjustment: Interpersonal cognitive problem-solving thinking. In B. B. Lahey & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology (Vol. 5, pp. 323–372). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Vitaro, F., Tremblay, R. E., Gagnon, C., & Boivin, M. (1992). Peer rejection from kindergarten to grade 2: Outcomes, correlates, and prediction. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 38, 382–400.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, E. (1986). Bias in preadolescent children’s responses to ambiguous social information about peers. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, G. A., & Asher, S. R. (1987). Peer and self-perceptions of peer rejected children: Issues in classification and subgrouping. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, J. C., Giammarino, M., & Parad, H. (1986). Social status in small groups: Individual—group similarity and the social “misfit.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 523–536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zakriski, A. L., & Coie, J. D. (1996). A comparison of aggressive—rejected and nonaggressive— rejected children’s interpretations of self-directed and other-directed rejection. Child Development, 67, 1048–1070.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zakriski, A. L., Coie, J. D., & Wright, J. C. (1992). The accuracy of children’s sociometric selfperceptions. In J. B. Kupersmidt (Chair), Multiple sources of information about children’s peer relationships. Symposium conducted at the Conference on Human Development, Atlanta, GA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zakriski, A. L., & Jacobs, M. R. (1995). A process analysis of rejection awareness in late elementary school children. In M. Derosier & A. H. N. Cillessen (Chairs), Children’s social self-perceptions: Developmental links to social, behavioral, and emotional adjustment. Symposium conducted at the biennial meeting for the Society for Research in Child Development, Indianapolis, IN.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Zakriski, A., Jacobs, M., Coie, J. (1997). Coping with Childhood Peer Rejection. In: Wolchik, S.A., Sandler, I.N. (eds) Handbook of Children’s Coping. Issues in Clinical Child Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2677-0_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2677-0_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3269-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2677-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics