Abstract
Most people consider science to be the study of the objective, physical world that exists independent of our awareness of it. From this perspective, it seems impossible to develop a scientific theory of consciousness because consciousness is a subjective experience that is outside the realm of the phenomena explained by science.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Akisal, H. S., and McKinney, W. T. Overview of recent research in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1975, 32, 285–305.
Banquet, J. Spectral analysis of the EEG in meditation. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1973, 35, 143–151.
Barr, H., and Langs, R. The psychoanalytic theory of consciousness. In LSD: Personality and experience. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1972.
Bateson, G. Steps to an ecology of mind. New York: Ballantine Books, 1972.
Battista, J., The holistic paradigm and general system theory. General Systems, 1977, 22, 65–71.
Battista, J., and Almond, R. The development of meaning in life. Psychiatry, 1973, 36, 409–427.
Bindra, D. The problem of subjective experience. Psychological Review, 1970, 77, 581–584.
Bohm, D. A suggested interpretation of the quantum theory in terms of “hidden variables.” Physical Review, 1952, 85, 166–179.
Breger, L., Hunter, I., and Lane, R. The effect of stress on dreams. In H. J. Schlesinger (Ed.), Psychological Issues, Vol. 7, New York: International Universities Press, 1971.
Brehm, M., Back, K., and Bogdonoff, M. A physiological effect of cognitive dissonance under food deprivation. In P. Zimbardo (Ed.), The cognitive control of motivation. Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Foresman and Company, 1969.
Brenner, D., and Kaufman, L. Visually evoked magnetic fields of the human brain. Science, 1975, 190, 480–482.
Bruner, J. S. Beyond the information given: Studies in the psychology of knowing. New York: W. W. Norton, 1973.
Cowan, D. Mind underlies spacetime. San Mateo, Ca.: Joseph Publishing Company, 1975.
Dewan, E. Consciousness as an emergent causal agent in the context of control system theory. In G. Globus (Ed.), Brain and conscious experience. New York: Plenum Press, 1976.
Domash, C. The transcendental meditation technique and quantum physics. In. D. Orme-Johnson (Ed.), Scientific research on transcendental meditation. Vol. 1. Weggis, Switzerland: Maharishi European Research University Press, 1976.
Eccles, J. Brain and free will. In G. Globus (Ed.), Brain and conscious exprience. New York: Plenum Press, 1976.
Einstein, A., Podolsky, B. and Rosen, N. Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete? Physical Review, 1935, 47, 777–780.
Everett, H. Relative state formulation of quantum mechanics. Review of Modern Physics, 1957, 29, 454–462.
Festinger, L. A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, Ca.: Stanford University Press, 1957.
Feigl, H. The mental and the physical. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1967.
Freud, S. The interpretation of dreams (1900). In J. Strachey (Ed.), Standard edition. Vols. 4 and 5. London: Hogarth Press, 1953.
Freud, S. Project for a scientific psychology. In M. Bonaparte, A. Freud, and E. Kais (Eds.), The origins of psychoanalysis: Letters to Wilhelm Fliess, drafts and notes, 1887–1902. New York: Basic Books, 1954.
Friedman, H., Becker R., and Bachman, C. Psychiatric ward behavior and geophysical parameters. Nature, 1965, 205, 1050–1052.
Galin, D. Implications for psychiatry of left and right cerebral specialization. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1974, 31, 572–583.
Gellhorn, E., and Kiely, W. Mystical states of consciousness: neurophysiological and clinical aspects. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1972, 154, 399–405.
Globus, G. Consciousness and brain. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1973, 29, 153–160.
Globus, G. The problem of consciousness. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Science, 1974, 3, 40–69.
Goleman, D. The buddha on meditation and states of consciousness. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1972, 4, 1–44.
Green, E. E., and Green, A. M. On the meaning of transpersonal: some metaphysical perspectives. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 191, 3, 27–46.
Gurwitsch, A. The field of consciousness. Pittsburg: Duquesne University Press, 1964.
Hastorf, A., and Cantril, H. They saw a game: a case study. Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 1954, 49, 129–134.
Holt, R. Beyond vitalism and mechnism: Freud’s concept of psychic energy. Science and Psychoanalysis, 1967, 11, 1–40.
Hubel, D. H., and Wiesel, T. N. Receptive fields of single neurons in the rat’s striate cortex. Journal of Physiology, 1959, 148, 574–591.
Huxley, T. Evolution and ethics, and other essays. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1893.
Inhelder, B., and Piaget, J. The growth of logical thinking from childhood to adolescence. New York: Basic Books, 1958.
James, W. Pragmatism. London: Longmans, 1907.
James, W. The principles of psychology (1890). Vol. 1. New York: Dover, 1950.
Jammer, M. The philosophy of quantum mechanics. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1974.
John, R. A model of consciousness. In G. Schwartz and D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation. New York: Plenum Press, 1976.
Kety, S. S. Brain amines and affective disorders. In B. T. Ho and W. M. Mclssac (Eds.), Brain chemistry and mental disease. New York: Plenum Press, 1971.
Khinchin, A. Mathematical foundations of information theory. New York: Dover, 1957.
Klein, G. Consciousness in psychoanalytic theory. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 1959, 7, 5–34.
Koestenbaum, P. The sense of subjectivity. Review of Existential Psychology, 1962, 2, 47–65.
Köhler, W. Dynamics in Psychology. New York: Liveright, 1940.
Konorski, J. Integrative activity of the brain. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967.
Kripner, S. Altered states of consciousness. In J. White (Ed.), The highest state of consciousness. New York: Doubleday, 1972.
Lashley, K., Chow, K., and Semmes, J. An examination of the electrical field theory of cerebral integration. Psychological Review, 1951, 58, 123–136.
Libet, B. Brain stimulation and conscious experience. In J. Eccles (Ed.), Brain and conscious experience. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1966.
MacKay, D. Cerebral organization and the conscious control of action. In J. Eccles (Ed.), Brain and conscious experience. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1966.
MacKay, D. Information, mechanism and meaning. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1969.
Magoun, H. W. The ascending reticular system and wakefulness. In J. F. Delafresnage (Ed.), Brain mechanism and consciousness. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas, 1954, 1–20.
Malamud, W. Dream analysis. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 1934, 31, 356–372.
Olds, J., and Milner, P. Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of the septal area and other regions of the rat brain. Journal of Comprehensive Physiological Psychology, 1954, 47, 419–427.
Penfield, W., and Rasmussen, T. The cerebral cortex of man: a clinical study of localization of function. New York: MacMillan, 1950.
Peterfreund, E. Information, systems and psychoanalysis. Psychological Issues. New York: International Universities Press, 1971.
Place, U. Is consciousness a brain process? In V. Chappel (Ed.), The philosophy of mind. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1962.
Popper, K. R. Three views concerning human knowledge. In H. D. Lewis (Ed.), Contemporary British philosophy. London: G. Allen and Unwin, 1956.
Pötzl, O. Preconscious stimulation in dreams, associations, and images. Psychological Issues. Vol. 2. New York: International Universities Press, 1960.
Prange, A., Wilson, I, Lynn, C. W., Alltop, L. B., and Stikeleather, R. A. L-tryptophan in mania: Contribution to the permissive hypothesis of affective disorders: Archives of General Psychiatry, 1974, 30, 56–62.
Pribram, K. Languages of the brain. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1971.
Pribram, K. Problems concerning the structure of consciousness. In G. Globus (Ed.), Brain and conscious experience. New York: Plenum Press, 1976.
Rapaport, D. On the psychoanalytic theory of motivation. In R. Jones (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1960.
Ring, K. A transpersonal view of consciousness: A mapping of farther regions of inner space. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1974, 6, 125–256.
Rosenblatt, A., and Thickstun, J. A study of the concept of psychic energy. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 1970, 51, 265–278.
Rubenstein, B. Psychoanalytic theory and the mind-body problem. In N. Greenfield, and W. Lewis (Eds.), Psychoanalysis and current biological thought. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965.
Ryle, G. The concept of mind. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1949.
Sarfatti, J. The physical roots of consciousness. In J. Mishlove (Ed.), The roots of consciousness. New York: Random House, 1975.
Satprem. Sri Aurobindo or the adventure of consciousness. New York: Harper & Row, 1968.
Schacter, S., and Singer, J. Cognitive, social and physiological determinants of emotional state. Psychological Review, 1962, 69, 379–399.
Schacter, S., and Wheeler, L. Epinephrine, chlorpromazine and amusement. Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 1962, 65, 121–128.
Schafer, R. Action: its place in psychoanalytic interpretation and theory. Annals of Psychoanalysis, 1973, 1, 159–196.
Shallice, T. Dual functions of consciousness. Psychological Review, 1972, 79, 383–393.
Sirac, S. P. The structure of consciousness. Lecture given at Langley Porter Neuropsychiatrie Institute, 1975.
Sokolov, E. N. Neuronal models and the orienting reflex. In M. A. Brazier (Ed.), The central nervous system and behavior. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, 1960.
Sperry, R. A modified concept of consciousness. Psychological Review, 1969, 76, 532–536.
Sperry, R. Mental phenomena as causal determinants in brain function. In G. Globus (Ed.), Brain and conscious experience. New York: Plenum Press, 1976.
Stapp, H. P. The Copenhagen interpretation and the nature of space-time. American Journal of Physics, 1972, 40, 1098–1115.
Stapp, H. P. Bell’s theorem and world process. Il Nuovo Cimento, 1975, 29, 270–276.
Stevens, S. S. Psychophysics. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1975.
Taimni, I. The science of Yoga. Madras: Theoretical Society Press, 1961.
Tart, C. States of consciousness and state-specific science. Science, 1972,176, 1203–1210.
Tart, C. States of consciousness. New York: Dutton, 1975.
Tart, C. The basic nature of altered states of consciousness: a systems approach. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1976, 8, 45–64.
Tiller, W. Consciousness, radiation and the developing sensory system. In The dimensions of healing. Los Altos, Ca.: Academy of Parapsychology and Medicine, 1972.
Tomkins, S. Affect, imagery and consciousness. Vol. 1. New York: Springer, 1962.
Walker, E. The nature of consciousness. Mathematical Biosciences, 1970, 7, 131–178.
Walker, E. Consciousness in the quantum theory of measurement. Journal for the Study of Consciousness, 1972, 5, 46–63.
Weil-Malherbe, H. The biochemistry of affective disorders. In R. Grenell and S. Gabay (Eds.), Biological foundations of psychiatry. New York: Raven Press, 1976.
Wigner, E. P. Epistomology of quantum mechanics. Psychological Issues, 1969, 6, 22–36.
Wigner, E. P. The place of consciousness in modern physics. In C. Muses and A. Young (Eds.), Consciousness and reality. New York: Avon, 1972, 132–141.
Wilbur, K. Psychologia perenis: the spectrum of consciousness. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1975, 7, 105–132.
Wooldridge, D. Mechanical man: the physical basis of intelligent life. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Battista, J.R. (1978). The Science of Consciousness. In: Pope, K.S., Singer, J.L. (eds) The Stream of Consciousness. Emotions, Personality, and Psychotherapy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2466-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2466-9_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-2468-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-2466-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive