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HIV/AIDS Prevention for Drug Users in Natural Settings

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Handbook of HIV Prevention

Part of the book series: Aids Prevention and Mental Health ((APMH))

Abstract

Now, in the second decade of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, injection drug use and related risk behaviors continue to spread HIV to drug users, their sexual partners, and their children. In this chapter we briefly describe the epidemiology of HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs), including the health impacts of infection in this population, and the factors that facilitate or impede transmission. Second, we describe key strategies for HIV prevention among IDUs, beginning with consideration of stereotypes about IDUs and social desirability as they affect research among IDUs. We then describe research concerning three broad preventive strategies (methadone maintenance, street outreach, and syringe exchange), with examples of how these strategies have been tailored to the needs of special populations and of how they have been integrated to achieve greater potential impact. Third, we discuss limitations of research on HIV prevention among IDUs, including standards for assessing prevention programs and problematic issues in preventing HIV infection in this population. Finally, we comment on the philosophy of harm reduction as an important conceptual development that grew out of HIV prevention efforts and at the same time provides a common denominator for HIV prevention strategies among IDUs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Dependency Institute, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, 10003, USA

    Don C. Des Jarlais

  2. Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94109, USA

    Joseph Guydish

  3. National Development and Research Institutes, New York, New York, 10048, USA

    Samuel R. Friedman

  4. Seattle/King County Department of Health, Seattle, Washington, 98104, USA

    Holly Hagan

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  1. Don C. Des Jarlais
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  2. Joseph Guydish
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  4. Holly Hagan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    John L. Peterson Ph.D.

  2. Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Ralph J. DiClemente Ph.D.

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Des Jarlais, D.C., Guydish, J., Friedman, S.R., Hagan, H. (2000). HIV/AIDS Prevention for Drug Users in Natural Settings. In: Peterson, J.L., DiClemente, R.J. (eds) Handbook of HIV Prevention. Aids Prevention and Mental Health. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4137-0_8

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