Abstract
The term “court clinics” is as ill defined as it is ubiquitous in contemporary forensic psychological practice. A clinic, in a medical context is, “An institution, building, or part of a building where ambulatory patients are cared for” (Stedman 2000, pp. 362). Elsewhere, it is defined in similar terms as a facility or “a medical establishment run cooperatively by several specialists sharing the same facilities” (Houghton Mifflin and Co 1997). A true understanding of the term “clinic” is further complicated by the addition of myriad qualifiers (e.g., legal clinic, children’s clinic, and juvenile law clinic). A juvenile court clinic may have psychological services as a major function of its core mission including service provision and evaluation (MAJCC 2010) or a court clinic may have little or nothing to do with psychology as is the case in a number of legal clinics which provide assistance to attorneys or law students related directly to the practice of law, focus on representation and education around the legal rights of young people (Georgetown University Law Center 2010).
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Notes
- 1.
In Kent v. US, the Court ruled that a juvenile defendant is entitled to due process protections accorded to all citizens.
- 2.
In the Gault case, the Court rejected the doctrine of parens patriae as a founding principle of juvenile justice and ruled that the handling of Gault’s case violated the due process clause of the 14th amendment.
- 3.
In this case, the Court established that a mentally ill prison inmate can be treated against their will if the prisoner is dangerous to self or others and in the prisoner’s best interest.
- 4.
Estelle v Gamble addresses deliberate indifference to medical needs of prisoners.
- 5.
In this case, the Court ruled that execution of an individual for a crime committed before reaching the age of 18 is impermissible.
- 6.
This case established that some psychologists are capable of rendering expert testimony in a case involving mental disorder.
- 7.
Frye establishes that evidence admitted must be sufficiently established to have gained general acceptance in the field it comes from.
- 8.
Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, scientific testimony must be not only relevant but also reliable. Daubert offered four factors for consideration including testing, peer review, error rates, and general acceptance.
- 9.
Held that the Daubert factors may be applied to experts who are not scientists but offer specialized opinion.
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Chapman, J.F. (2012). The Juvenile Forensic Court Clinic in Theory and Practice. In: Grigorenko, E. (eds) Handbook of Juvenile Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0905-2_13
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