Abstract
The initial studies of plasma exchange (formerly plasmapheresis) as a possible therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) were published 10 years ago (Dau et al. 1980; Weiner and Dawson 1980). This technique had been shown to be a lifesaving procedure in patients with Goodpasture’s syndrome (Lockwood et al. 1975; Rossen et al. 1976; Walker et al. 1977; Kincaid-Smith and d’Apice 1978; Rosenblatt et al. 1979). Plasma exchange was technically feasible and generally well-tolerated. Although cumbersome and expensive, it could be administered over several weeks, generally in combination with a low dose of an immunosuppressive drug, and was being considered a candidate therapy for a large number of putative autoimmune diseases. As MS was felt to be immunologically mediated, it seemed highly reasonable to commit the resources needed to determine if this treatment approach could be tailored to benefit patients with MS (van den Noort and Waksman 1980). In this chapter I will review the reasons for this early enthusiasm as well as the results of this decade of study.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdou NI, Lindsley HB, Pollack A et al. (1981) Plasmapheresis in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Effects on clinical serum and cellular abnormalities. Case Report. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 19: 44–54
Berkman EM, Caplan S, Kim GS (1978) ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation: preparation by plasma exchange and in vivo antibody absorption. Transfusion 18: 504–508
Brown JR, Beebe GW, Kurtzke JF et al. (1979) The design of clinical studies to assess therapeutic efficacy ih multiple sclerosis. Neurology 29: 3–23
Brubaker DB, Winkelstein A (1981) Plasma exchange in rheumatoid vasculitis. Vox Sang 41: 295–301
Carter JL, Hafler DA, Dawson DM, Orav J, Weiner HL (1988) Immunosuppression with high-dose IV cyclophosphamide and ACTH in progressive multiple sclerosis: cumulative 6-year experience with 164 patients. Neurology 38 (Suppl 2): 9–14
Cobcroft R (1977) Serial plasmapheresis in a hemophiliac with antibodies to factor V III. Proc HRI Adv Comp Semin, London, England
Dau PC, Petajan JH, Johnson KP, Panitch HS, Bornstein MB (1980) Plasmapheresis in multiple sclerosis: preliminary findings. Neurology 30: 1023–1028
Dearnaley DR, Martin MFR (1978) Plasmapheresis for paraquat poisoning. Lancet 1: 162
Dyck PJ, Daube J, O’Brien P et al. (1986) Plasma exchange in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. N Engl J Med 314: 461–465
Dyck PJ, Pineda A, Low PA et al. (1990) Sham controlled trial of plasma exchange in monoclonal protein associated neuropathy. Peripheral Neuropathy Association Meeting, Oxford, England, pp 17
Ellison GW, Myers LW, Mickey MR et al. (1988) Clinical experience with azathioprine: The pros. Neurology 38 (Suppl 2): 20–23
Gibberg FB, Billimoria JD, Page NGR (1979) Heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis ( Refsum’s disease) treated by diet and plasma exchange. Lancet 1: 575–578
Giordano GF (1984) Lymphocytapheresis results of treatment in 50 patients with multiple sclerosis. Plasmatherapy 2: 654–658
Goodin DS (1990) Letter to the Editor. Neurology 40: 864–865
Gordon PA, Carroll DJ, Etches WS et al. (1985) A double-blind controlled pilot study of plasma exchange versus sham apheresis in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Can J Neurol Sci 12: 39–44
Guarnieri BM, Capparelli R, Fratiglioni L et al. (1985) Plasma exchange in multiple sclerosis. Int J Artif Organs 8: 215–220
Hauser SL, Dawson DM, Lehrich JR et al. (1983) Intensive immunosuppression in progressive multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 308: 173–180
Hauser SL, Fosburg M, Kevy SV, Weiner HL (1984) Lymphocytapheresis in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: immunologic and clinical effects. Neurology 34: 922–926
Herndon RM, Murray TJ (1983) Proceedings of the International Conference on therapeutic trials in multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 40: 663–710
Höcker P, Stellamor V, Summer K, Mann M (1984) Plasma exchange (PE) and lymphocytapheresis (LCA) in multiple sclerosis ( MS ). Int J Artif Organs 7: 39–42
Huestis DW (1986) Complications of therapeutic apheresis. In: Valbones M, Pineda A, Briggs JC (eds) Therapeutic hemapheresis. Wichting Editore, Milan, pp 179–186
Jones JV, Cummings CH, Pacon PA (1979) Evidence for a therapeutic effect of plasmapheresis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Q J Med 48: 555–576
Kennedy MS, Domen RE (1983) Therapeutic apheresis applications and future directions. Vox Sang 45: 261–277
Khatri BO, McQuillen MP, Harrington GL et al. (1985a) Chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: double-blind controlled study of plasmapheresis in patients taking immunosuppressive drugs. Neurology 35: 312–319
Khatri BO, McQuillen MP, Harrington GJ et al. (1985b) Plasmapheresis in progressive MS. Neurology 35: 614
Khatri BO (1988) Experience with use of plasmapheresis in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Neurology 38 (Suppl 2): 50–52
Khatri BO, McQuillen MP, Hoffman RG, Harrington GJ, Schmoll D (1991) Plasma exchange in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: A long-term study. Neurology 41: 409–414
Kincaid-Smith P, d’Apice AJF (1978) Plasmapheresis in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Am J Med 65: 564–566
Kiprov DD (1983) Influence of plasmapheresis on cellular immunity. In: Lysaght MJ, Gurland HJ (eds) Plasma separation and plasma fractionation: current status and future directions. Karger, Basel, pp 48–63
Klein HG, Balow JE, Dau PC et al. (1986) Clinical applications of therapeutic apheresis. Report of the Clinical Applications Committee, American Society for Apheresis. J Clin Apheresis 3: 1–92
Kurtzke JF (1955) A new scale for evaluating disability in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 5:580–583 Kurtzke JF (1986) Neuroepidemiology. Part II: Assessment of therapeutic trials. Ann Neurol 19: 311–319
Lian ECY, Harkness DR, Byrnes JJ et al. (1979) Presence of a platelet aggregating factor in the plasma of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ( FI P) and its inhibition by normal plasma. Blood 53: 333–340
Lockwood CM, Boulton-Jones, JM, Lowenthal RM (1975) Recovery from Goodpasture’s syndrome after immunosuppressive treatment and plasmapheresis. Br Med J 2: 252–254
Luzhnikov EA, Yaraslaysky AA, Molodenov MN (1977) Plasma perfusion through charcoal in methylparathion poisoning. Lancet 1: 38–39
Mackin GA, Weiner HL, Orav JA et al. (1990) IV cyclophosphamide/ACTH plus maintenance cyclophosphamide boosters in progressive MS: Interim report of the Northeast Cooperative MS Treatment Group. Neurology 40 (Suppl 1): 260
Medaer R, Eeckhout C, Gautama K, Vermijlen C (1984) Lymphocytapheresis therapy in multiple sclerosis, a preliminary study. Acta Neurol Scand 70: 111–115
Miller A, Drexler E, Keilson M et al. (1988) Spontaneous stabilization in patients with progressive MS. Neurology 38 (Suppl 1): 194
Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Plasma Exchange 265
Miller RG, Filler-Katz A, Kiprov DD (1985) More on plasmapheresis in chronic progressive MS. Neurology 35: 1261
Noseworthy JH, Seland TP, Ebers GC (1984) Therapeutic trials in multiple sclerosis. Can J Neurol Sci 11: 355–362
Noseworthy JH (1988) There are no alternatives to double-blind, controlled trials. Neurology 38 (Suppl 2): 76–79
Noseworthy JH, Vandervoort MK, Hopkins M, Ebers GC (1989a) A referendum on clinical trial research in multiple sclerosis: the opinion of the participants at the Jekyll Island workshop. Neurology 39: 977–981
Noseworthy JH, Shumak KH, Vandervoort MK, The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (1989b) Long-term use of antecubital veins for plasma exchange. Transfusion 29: 610–613
Noseworthy JH, The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (1990a) The Canadian Cooperative Study of cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis. Neurology 40 (Suppl 1): 284
Noseworthy JH, Vandervoort MK, Ebers GC (1990b) Plasma exchange in MS. Neurology 40: 864
Noseworthy JH, Vandervoort MK, Ebers GC (1990c) Plasma exchange in MS. Neurology 40: 1153
Noseworthy JH, Vandervoort MK, Penman M et al. (1991) The Lancet 337: 1540–1541
Patten E (1986) Therapeutic plasmapheresis and plasma exchange. CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 23: 147–175
Rationale for immunomodulating therapies of multiple sclerosis (1988) Neurology 38 (Suppl 2): 1–89
Reimann PM, Mason PD (1990) Plasmapheresis: technique and complications. Intensive Care Med 16: 3–10
Rock GA, Shumak KH, Buskard NA et al. (1991) Comparison of plasma exchange with plasma infusion in the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 325: 393–397
Rose J, Klein H, Greenstein et al. (1983) Lymphocytapheresis in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: results of a preliminary trial. Ann Neurol 14: 593–594
Rosenblatt SG, Knight W, Bannayan GA, Wilson CB, Stein J (1979) Treatment of Goodpasture’s syndrome with plasmapheresis. Am J Med 66: 689–696
Rossen RD, Duffy J, McCredie KB et al. (1976) Treatment of Goodpasture’s syndrome with cyclophosphamide, prednisone and plasma exchange transfusions. Clin Exp Immunol 24: 218–222
Rothwell RS, Davis P, Gordon P et al. (1980) A controlled study of plasma exchange in the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis. Arth Rheum 23: 785–789
Rudge P, Koetsier JC, Mertin J et al. (1989) Randomised double blind controlled trial of cyclosporin in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg 52: 559–565
Russell JA, Toy JL, Powles RL (1977) Plasma exchange in malignant paraproteinemias. Exp Hematol 5: 105–116
Salmi A, Ziola B, Reunanen M, Julkunen I, Wager O (1982) Immune complexes in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients and patients with other neurological diseases. Acta Neurol Scand 66: 1–15
Schildermans F, Dequeker J, Van de Puthe I (1979) Plasmapheresis combined with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide in uncontrolled active SLE. J Rheum 6: 687
Schlansky R, DeHoratius RI, Pincus T, Tung KSK (1981) Plasmapheresis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cautionary note. Arthritis Rheum 24: 49–53
Schwab PJ, Fahey JF (1960) Treatment of Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia by plasmapheresis. N Engl J Med 263: 574–579
Shumak KH, Rock GA (1984) Therapeutic plasma exchange. N Engl J Med 310: 762–771
Silvergleid AJ (1983) Applications and limitations of hemapheresis. Annu Rev Med 34: 69–89
Slocombe GW, Newland AC, Colvin MP, Colvin BT (1981) The role of intensive plasma exchange in the prevention and management of haemorrhage in patients with inhibitors to Factor VIII. Br J Haematol 47: 577–585
Smith CD, Latortue R, McFarland JG, Menitove JE (1986) Plasminogen deficiency and thrombosis after plasmapheresis therapy for multiple sclerosis. Neurology 36: 1410–1411
Spiva DA, Lewis C, Langley JW (1981) New treatment for the porphyrias: porphyria (AIP) and variegate porphyria ( VP ). Blood 58: 186a
The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (1991) The Canadian Cooperative trial of cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet 337: 441–446
The Guillain-Barré Syndrome Study Group (1985) Plasmapheresis and acute Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurology 35: 1095–1104
Thompson GR (1981) Plasma exchange for hypercholesterolaemia. Lancet 1: 1246–1248
Tindall RSA, Walker JE, Ehle AL et al. (1982) Plasmapheresis in multiple sclerosis. Prospective trial of pheresis and immunosuppression versus immunosuppression alone. Neurology 32: 739–743
Trouillas P, Neuschwander Ph, Tremisi JP (1986) Modification rapide par les échanges plasmatiques de la sémiologie de formes progressives de la sclérose en plaques. Rev Neurol (Paris) 142: 689–695
Valbonesi M, Garelli S, Mosconi L, Zerbi D, Forlani G (1981) Plasma exchange in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis: preliminary observations. Vox Sang 41: 68–73
van den Noort S, Waksman BH (1980) Plasma exchange: aid to therapy of multiple sclerosis? Neurology 30: 1111–1112
Walker RG, d’Apice Ai, Becker GJ et al. (1977) Plasmapheresis in Goodpasture’s syndrome with renal failure. Med J Aust 875–879
Wallace DJ, Goldfinger D, Gatti, et al. (1979) Plasmapheresis and lymphoplasmapheresis in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 22: 703–710
Weiner HL, Dawson DM (1980) Plasmapheresis in multiple sclerosis: Preliminary study. Neurology 30: 1029–1033
Weiner HL (1985) An assessment of plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis. Neurology 35: 320–322
Weiner HL, Dau PC, Khatri BO et al. (1989) Double-blind study of true vs. sham plasma exchange in patients treated with immunosuppression for acute attacks of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 39: 1143–1149
Weiner HL, Khatri BO, Dau PC, (1990) Reply from the authors. Neurology 40: 865
Weinshenker BG, Bass B, Rice GPA et al. (1989) The natural history of multiple sclerosis: A geographically based study. I. Clinical course and disability. Brain 112: 133–146
Weinshenker BG, Rice GPA, Noseworthy JH et al. (1991) The natural history of multiple sclerosis. A geographically based study. IV. Applications to planning and interpretation of clinical therapeutic trials. Brain 114: 1057–1067
Wirguin I, Shinar E, Abramsky 0 (1989) Relapse of multiple sclerosis following acute allergic reactions to plasma during plasmapheresis. J Neurol 236: 62–63
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Noseworthy, J.H. (1992). Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Plasma Exchange. In: Rudick, R.A., Goodkin, D.E. (eds) Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Clinical Medicine and the Nervous System. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3184-7_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3184-7_12
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-3186-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3184-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive