Skip to main content

Stamey, Raz, and Modified Pereya

  • Chapter
Female Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery

Abstract

For over 40 years, transvaginal needle suspensions have been utilized to treat anatomic or genuine stress incontinence.1 These procedures have the obvious advantage of avoiding the morbidity from an abdominal incision that was necessary for previous suspension techniques.2 Since that time, the needle suspension has undergone a number of technical modifications and revisions, all designed to improve cure rates, while simplifying surgical technique. The goals of these procedures have been to correct urethral and bladder neck hypermobility, secure the vaginal wall, and provide support for the proximal urethra during times of increased abdominal pressure. This chapter outlines the various techniques of transvaginal needle suspension for the treatment of stress incontinence, beginning with preoperative assessment through operative technique and postoperative management.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Pereyra A (1959) A simplified surgical procedure for the correction of stress incontinence in women. West J Surg Obstet Gynecol 67: 223–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Marshall F, Marchetti A, Krantz K (1949) Correction of stress incontinence by simple vesicourethral suspension. Surg Gynecol Obstet 88: 509–18.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Dmochowski RR, Zimmern PE, Ganabathi K, Sirls L, Leach GE (1997) Role of the four corner bladder neck suspension to correct stress incontinence with a mild to moderate cystocele. Urology 49: 35–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Litwiller SE, Nelson RS, Fone PD, Kim KB, Stone AR (1997) Vaginal wall sling:Long term outcome analysis of factors contributing to patient satisfaction and surgical success. J Urol 157: 1279–82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. McGuire EJ, Fitzpatrick CC, Wan J, Bloom D, Sanvordenker J, Ritchey M, Gormley EA (1993) Clinical assessment of urethral sphincter function. J Urol 150: 1452–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Leach G (1996) Local anesthesia for urologic procedures. Urology 48 (2): 284–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Haab F, Leach G (1997) Feasibility of outpatient percutaneous bladder suspension under local anesthesia. Urology 50 (4): 585–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Pereyra A, Lebherz T (1967) Combined urethral vesical sus-pension vaginal urethroplasty for correction of urinary stress incontinence. Obstet Gynecol 30: 537–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Pereyra AJ, Lebherz TB, Growdon WA, Powers JA (1982) Periurethral supports in perspective: Modified Pereyra procedure for urinary incontinence. Obstet Gynecol 59 (5): 643–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Pereyra A, Lebherz T (1978) The revised Pereyra procedure. In: Buchsbaum H (ed) Gynecologic and Obstetric Urology. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 208–22.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Christ T, Singleton H, Robertson W (1969) Urethrovesical needle suspension: postoperative loss of vesical neck support demonstrated by chain cystography. Obstet Gynecol 34: 489–93.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kursh E, Wainstein M, Persky L (1972) The Pereyra procedure and urinary incontinence. J Urol 108: 591–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pereyra A, Lebherz T (1978) The modified Pereyra procedure. In: Buchsbaum H, Schmidt J (ed) Gynecologic and Obstetric Urology, 2nd edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 259–76.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Sirls LT, Keoleian CM, Korman HJ, Kirkemo AK (1995) The effect of study methodology on reported success rates of the modified Pereyra bladder neck suspension. J Urol 154 (5): 1732–1735.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Korman HJ, Sirls LT, Kirkemo AK (1994) Success rate of modified Pereyra bladder neck suspension determined by outcomes analysis. J Urol 152 (5): 1453–1457.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Raz S (1981) Modified bladder neck suspension for female stress incontinence. Urology 17 (1): 82–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Golomb J, Klutke C, Raz S (1990) Raz double-prong ligature carrier for transvaginal bladder and bladder neck needle suspension. Urology 36 (5): 453–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Raz S, Siegel AL, Short JL, Snyder JA, Synder JA (1989) Vaginal wall sling. J Urol 141: 43–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Raz S, Sussman EM, Erickson DB, Bregg KJ, Nitti VW (1992) The Raz bladder neck suspension: results in 206 patients. J Urol 148: 845–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Golomb J, Goldwasser B, Mashiach S (1994) Raz bladder sus-pension in women younger than 65 years compared with elderly women: Three years experience. Urology 43 (1): 40–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Fischer R (1998) Transvaginal needle bladder suspension for stress urinary incontinence: practicable methods but not optimal results. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 168: 38–43.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kelly MJ, Knielsen K, Bruskewitz R, Roskamp D, Leach GE (1991) Symptom analysis of patients undergoing modified Pereyra bladder neck suspension for stress urinary incontinence: Pre- and postoperative findings. Urology 37 (3): 213–19.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Phillips T, Zeidman E, Thompson I (1992) The fate of buried vaginal epithelium. J Urol 148: 1941.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Juma S, Little N, Raz S (1992) Vaginal wall sling: Four years later. Urology 40 (5): 424–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Stothers L, Chopra A, Raz S (1995) Vaginal wall sling for anatomic incontinence and intrinsic sphincteric damage–Efficacy and outcome analysis. J Urol 153: 525A.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Raz S, Stothers L, Young GP, Short J, Marks B, Chopra A, Wahle GR (1996) Vaginal wall sling for anatomical incontinence and intrinsic sphincter dysfunction: Efficacy and outcome analysis. J Urol 156: 166–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Dmochowski RR, Zimmern PE, Ganabathi K, Sirls L, Leach GE (1997) Role of the four corner bladder neck suspension to correct stress incontinence with a mild to moderate cys- tocele. Urology 49 (1): 35–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Stamey T (1973) Endoscopic suspension of the vesical neck for urinary incontinence. Surg Gynecol Obstet 136: 547.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Ginsberg D, Rovner E, Raz S (1998) Stamey and Gittes bladder neck suspension. In: Graham S Jr (ed) Glenn’s Urologic Surgery, 5th ed. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, pp. 313–35.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Stothers L, Raz S, Chopra A (1996) Stamey needle suspension for female stress incontinence. In: Raz S (ed) Female Urology, 2nd ed. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 333–7.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Stamey T (1980) Endoscopic suspension of the vesical neck for urinary incontinence in females. Ann Surg 192: 465–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Ashken M (1990) Follow-up results of the Stamey operation for stress incontinence of urine. Br J Urol 65: 168–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Hilton P, Mayne C (1991) The Stamey endoscopic bladder neck suspension: A clinical and urodynamic investigation, including

    Google Scholar 

  34. Mills R, Persad R, Ashken M (1996) Long-term follow-up results with the Stamey operation for stress incontinence. Br J Urol 77: 86–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. O’Sullivan D, Chilton C, Munson K (1995) Should the Stamey colposuspension be our primary surgery for stress incontinence? Br J Urol 75: 457–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Clemens JQ, Stern JA, Bushman WA, Schaeffer AJ (1998) Long-term results of the Stamey bladder suspension: Direct comparison with the Marshall -Marchetti-Krantz procedure. J Urol 160: 372–376.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Wang A (1996) Burch colposuspension vs. Stamey bladder neck suspension. J Reprod Med 41 (7): 529–33.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Spencer J, O’Conor V, Schaeffer A (1987) A comparison of endoscopic suspension of the vesical neck with suprapubic vesicourethrpexy for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 137: 411–15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Gittes R, Loughlin K (1987) No incision pubovaginal suspension for stress incontinence. J Urol 138: 568–60.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Loughlin KR, Whitemore WF 3rd, Gittes RF, Richie JP (1990) Review of an 8 year experience with modifications of the endoscopic suspension of the bladder neck for female stress incontinence. J Uro1143: 44–8.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Benson J, Agosta A, McClellan E (1990) Evaluation of a minimal-incision pubovaginal suspension as an adjunct to other pelvic floor surgery. Obstet Gynecol 75: 844–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Foster M, O’Reilly P (1989) Early experience of the Gittes “no incision” pubovaginal suspension for stress urinary incontinence. Br J Urol 64: 590–595.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Kil PJ, Hoekstra JW, van der Meijden AP, Smans AJ, Theeuwes AG, Schreinemachers LM (1991) Transvaginal ultrasonography and urodynamic evaluation after suspension operations: Comparison among Gittes, Stamey and Burch suspensions. J Uro1146: 132–7.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Elkabir J, Mee D (1998) Long-term evaluation of the Gittes procedure for urinary stress incontinence. J Urol 159 (4): 1203–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Leach G (1988) Bone fixation technique for transvaginal needle suspension. Urology 31: 388–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Benderev T (1994) A modified percutaneous outpatient bladder neck suspension system. J Uro1152: 2316–20.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Appell R (1997) The use of bone anchoring in the surgical management of female stress urinary incontinence. World J Urol l5: 300–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Leach G, Appell R (1996) Percutaneous bladder neck suspension. Urol Clin N Am 23: 511–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Schultheiss D et al. (1998) Does bone anchor fixation improve the outcome of percutaneous bladder neck suspension in female stress urinary incontinence? Br J Urol 82: 192–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Nativ 0, Levine S, Madjar S, Issaq E, Moskovitz B, Beyar M (1997) Incisionless per vaginal bone anchor cystourethropexy for the treatment of female stress incontinence: Experience with the first 50 patients. J Urol 158:1742-4. 51. Leach G (1999) Cadaveric transvaginal sling. J Urol 161(4): 185A.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Hernandez R, Himsl K, Zimmern P (1994) Transvaginal repair of bladder injury during vaginal hysterectomy. J Urol 152 (6): 2061–2.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Katske FA, Raz S (1987) Use of Foley catheter to obtain transvaginal tamponade. Urology 18 (May).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Black N, Griffiths J, Pope C, Bowling A, Abel P (1997) Impact of surgery for stress incontinence on morbidity: Cohort study. BMJ 315: 1493–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Kelly M, Zimmern P, Leach G (1991) Complications of bladder suspension surgeries. Urol Clin N Am 18(2): 339-48. 56. Neale R (1995) Complications of urogynecological surgery. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 7: 400–3.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Bernier P, Zimmern P (1998) Bone anchor removal after bladder neck suspension. Br J Urol 82: 302–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Webster G, Kreder K (1990) Voiding dysfunction following cystourethropexy: Its evaluation and management. J Urol 144: 670–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Cardozo L, Stanton S, Williams J (1979) Detrusor instability following surgery for genuine stress incontinence. Br J Urol 81: 204–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Leach GE, Dmochowski RR, Appell RA, Blaivas JG, Hadley HR, Luber KM, Mostwin JL, O’Donnell PD, Roehrborn CG (1997) Female stress urinary incontinence clinical guidelines panel summary report on surgical management of female stress incontinence. J Urol 158: 875–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Blaivas J (1998) Outcome measures for urinary incontinence. Urology 51 (2A): 11–19.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Uebersax JS, Wyman JF, Shumaker SA, McClish DK, Fantl JA (1995) Short forms to assess life quality and symptom distress for urinary incontinence in women: the incontinence impact questionnaire and the urogenital distress inventory. Neurol Urodynam 14: 131–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Gilja I, Puskar D, Mazuran B, Radej M (1998) Comparative analysis of bladder neck suspension using Raz, Burch and transvaginal Burch procedures: A 3 year randomized prospective study. Eur Urol 33: 298–302.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Gofrit ON, Landau EH, Shapiro A, Pode D (1998) The Stamey procedure for stress incontinence: Long term results. Eur Urol 34: 339–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Kuczyk MA, Klein S, Grunewald V, Machtens S, Denil J, Hofner K, Wagner T, Jonas (1998) A questionnaire-based outcome analysis of the Stamey bladder neck suspension procedure for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence: The Hanover experience. Br J Urol 82: 174–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Conrad S, Pieper A, De la Maza SF, Busch R, Huland H (1997) Long-term results of the Stamey bladder suspension procedure: a patient questionnaire based outcome analysis. J Urol 157: 1672–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Christensen H, Laybourn C, Eickhoff JH, Frimodt-Moller C (1996) Long term results of the Stamey bladder neck suspension procedure and of the Burch colposuspension. Scand J Urol Nephrol 31: 349–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Kursh E (1992) Factors influencing the outcome of a no incision urethropexy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 175: 254–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Morales A, VanCott GF (1988) The Gittes procedure as an improved simplification of current techniques for vesical neck suspensions. Surg Gynecol Obstet 167 (3): 243–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Littwiller, S., Zimmern, P.E. (2003). Stamey, Raz, and Modified Pereya. In: Stanton, S.L., Zimmern, P.E. (eds) Female Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0659-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0659-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-85233-362-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-0659-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics