Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Stepped Care and e-Health

Abstract

Primarily a childhood diagnosis, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), refers to a category of negativistic child1 behaviors that impair social functioning and learning opportunities. It was first identified in 1966 and appeared initially as a formalized diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). ODD has been reported to affect 2–16% of children, with boys more likely to be diagnosed than girls and most children developing symptoms by age 8 (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; Steiner and Remsing, 2007).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    Unless otherwise specified, the terms “child” or “children” is used generically to refer to both children and adolescents.

References

  • Achenbach TM. Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR, and TRF profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry; 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alberto PA, Troutman AC. Applied behavior analysis for teachers. Columbus, Ohio: Pearson, Merrill Prentice-Hall; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abidin RR. Parenting Stress Index: professional manual. 3rd ed. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources; 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aman MG, Binder C, Turgay A. Risperidone effects in the presence/absence of psychostimulant medicine in children with ADHD, other disruptive behavior disorders, and subaverage IQ. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2004;14(2):243–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. (n.d.). Your Child—Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Retrieved July 7, 2009, from http://www.aacap.org/cs/root/publication_store/your_child_oppositional_defiant_disorder.

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd ed (DSM-III). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bangs ME, Hazell P, Danckaerts M, Hoare P, Coghill DR, Wehmeier PM, et al. Atomoxetine for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. Pediatrics. 2008;121(2):e314–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barkley RA, Benton CM. Your defiant child: eight steps to better behavior. New York: Guilford Press; 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley RA, Guevremont DC, Anastopoulos AD, Fletcher KE. A comparison of three family therapy programs for treating family conflicts in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1992;60(3):450–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barkley RA, Robin AL, Benton CM. Your defiant teen: 10 steps to resolve conflict and rebuild your relationship. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biederman J, Ball SW, Monuteaux MC, Kaiser R, Faraone SV. CBCL Clinical scales discriminate ADHD youth with structured-interview derived diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). J Attent Disord. 2008a;12(1):76–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman J, Faraone SV, Milberger S, Jetton JG, et al. Is childhood oppositional defiant disorder a precursor to adolescent conduct disorder? Findings from a four-year follow-up study of children with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35(9):1193–204.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman J, Petty CR, Monuteaux MC, Mick E, Parcell T, Westerberg D, et al. The longitudinal course of comorbid oppositional defiant disorder in girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: findings from a controlled 5-year prospective longitudinal follow-up study. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008b;29(6):501–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bower P, Gilbody S. Stepped care in psychological therapies: access, effectiveness and efficiency. Narrative literature review. Br J Psychiatry. 2005;186(1):11–17.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brestan E.V, Eyberg SM. Effective psychosocial treatments of conduct-disordered children and adolescents: 29 years, 82 studies, and 5,272 kids. J Clin Child Psychol. 1998;27(2):180–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown RT, Antonuccio DO, DuPaul GJ, Fristad MA, King CA, Leslie LK, et al. Oppositional defiant and conduct disorders. In: Childhood mental health disorders: evidence base and contextual factors for psychosocial, psychopharmacological, and combined interventions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2008. p. 33–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brinkmeyer MY, Eyberg SM. Parent-child interaction therapy for oppositional children. In: Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents. New York: Guilford Press; 2003. p. 204–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung W, Edgar-Smith S, Palmer RB, Delambo D, Bartholomew E. Psychiatric rehospitalization of children and adolescents: implications for social work intervention. Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal. 2008;25(6):483–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coie JD, Watt NF, West SG, Hawkins JD, Asarnow JR, Markman HJ, Ramey SL, Shure MB, Long B. The science of prevention: a conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program. Am Psychol. 1993;48:1013–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper WO, Hickson GB, Fuchs C, Arbogast PG, Ray WA. New users of anti-psychotic medications among children enrolled in TennCare. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004;158:753–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Curry JF, Becker SJ. Empirically supported psychotherapies for adolescent depression and mood disorders. In: Handbook of evidence-based therapies for children and adolescents: bridging science and practice, Issues in clinical child psychology. Springer Science+Business Media: New York; 2008. p. 161–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elgar FJ, McGrath PJ. Self-help therapies for childhood disorders. In: Handbook of self-help therapies. Routledge/Taylor Francis Group: New York; 2008. p. 129–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erford BT. Technical analysis of father responses to the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale—Parent Version (DBRS-P). Meas Eval Couns Dev. 1998;30(4):199–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fanton JH, MacDonald B, Harvey EA. Preschool parent-pediatrician consultations and predictive referral patterns for problematic behaviors. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008;29(6):475–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gale BM. Learning about the comprehensive behavior assessment & treatment tools (C-BATT). Invited Presentation, California Association for the Gifted (CAG) 42nd Annual Conference, Anaheim, California; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale BM. Conducting valid and defensible behavior observations, invited paper, positive environment network of trainers/california diagnostic center, 3rd annual conference, stockton, california and rancho cucamonga, California; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale BM. Analysis of 260 consecutive users of rapid screener. Unpublished raw data; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale BM, Yamashita J. L.U.N.C.H Groups: preliminary results on the efficacy of using, time-limited psychosocial and behavior treatment with integrated technological enhancements in the treatment of Asperger’s Syndrome and related disorders. Poster presentation, 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Boston, MA; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gioia GA, Isquith PK, Guy SC, Kenworthy L. Behavior rating inventory of executive function. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources; 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greene RW, Ablon JS. Treating explosive kids: the collaborative problem-solving approach. New York: Guilford Press; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey EA, Youngwirth SD, Thakar DA, Errazuriz PA. Predicting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder from preschool diagnostic assessments. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009;77:349–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heflinger CA, Humphreys KL. Identification and treatment of children with oppositional defiant disorder: a case study of one state’s public service system. Psychol Serv. 2008;5(2):139–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howes P, Markman HJ. Marital quality and child functioning: A longitudinal investigation. Child Dev. 1989;60(5):1044–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jewell J, Handwerk M, Almquist J, Lucas C. Comparing the validity of clinician-generated diagnosis of conduct disorder to the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2004;33(3):536–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin AE. Parent management training: treatment for oppositional, aggressive, and antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin AE. Evidence-based treatments and delivery of psychological services: shifting our emphases to increase impact. Psychol Serv. 2008;5(3):201–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin AE, Holland L, Crowley M. Family experience of barriers to treatment and premature termination from child therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997;65(3):453–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin AE, Marciano PL, Whitley MK. The therapeutic alliance in cognitive-behavioral treatment of children referred for oppositional, aggressive, and antisocial behavior. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005;73(4):726–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin AE, Weisz JR. Identifying and developing empirically supported child and adolescent treatments. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1998;66(1):19–36.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin AE, Whitley MK. Pretreatment social relations, therapeutic alliance, and improvements in parenting practices in parent management training. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006;74:346–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keenan K, Wakschlag LS. Can a valid diagnosis of disruptive behavior disorder be made in preschool children? Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159(3):351–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall PC, Braswell L. Cognitive-behavioral self-control therapy for children: a components analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982;50(5):672–89.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keulers BJ, Welters CFM, Spauwen PHM, Houpt P. Can face-to-face patient education be replaced by computer-based patient education? A randomised trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2007;67(1–2):176–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lahey BB, Van Hulle CA, Rathouz PJ, Rodgers JLD, Onofrio BM, Waldman ID. Are oppositional-defiant and hyperactive-inattentive symptoms developmental precursors to conduct problems in late childhood? Genetic and environmental links. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2009;37(1):45–58.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lavigne JV, LeBailly SA, Gouze KR, Cicchetti C, Pochyly J, Arend R, et al. (2008). Treating oppositional defiant disorder in primary care: a comparison of three models. J. Pediatr Psychol. 2008;33(5):449–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lunkenheimer ES, Dishion TJ, Shaw DS, Connell AM, Gardner F, Wilson MN, et al. Collateral benefits of the family check-up on early childhood school readiness: indirect effects of parents’ positive behavior support. Dev Psychol. 2008;44(6):1737–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyers L. Medicate or not? An APA working group reports on use of medications when treating children. Monit Psychology. 2006;37(10):24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nix RL, Bierman KL, McMahon RJ. How attendance and quality of participation affect treatment response to parent management training. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009;77(3):429–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • NREPP: National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices. (n.d.). . Retrieved July 6, 2009, from http://nrepp.samhsa.gov/index.asp.

  • Olson SL, Bates JE, Sandy JM, Lanthier R. Early developmental precursors of externalizing behavior in middle childhood and adolescence. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2000;28(2):119–33. doi:10.1023/A:1005166629744.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parent-Child Interaction Therapy—Literature (2009). Parent-child interaction therapy. Retrieved June 20, 2009, from http://pcit.phhp.ufl.edu/Literature.htm.

  • Patterson GR, Gullion ME. Living with children: new methods for parents and teachers. Champaign, IL: Research Press; 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelham WE, Lang AR, Atkeson B, Murphy DA, Gnagy EM, Greiner AR, et al. Effects of deviant child behavior on parental distress and alcohol consumption in laboratory interactions. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1997;25(5):413–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham WE. NREPP: children’s summer treatment program (STP). Retrieved July 9, 2009, from http://nrepp.samhsa.gov/programfulldetails.asp?PROGRAM_ID=160.

  • Phelps L, Brown RT, Power TJ. Externalizing disorders. In: Pediatric psychopharmacology: combining medical and psychosocial interventions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2002. p. 101–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piper AM, O’Brien E, Morris MR, Winograd T. SIDES: a cooperative tabletop computer game for social skills development. In: Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on computer supported cooperative work (Banff, Alberta, Canada, November 04–08, 2006). CSCW '06. New York, NY: ACM; 2006. p. 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Querido JG, Eyberg SM. Parent-child interaction therapy: maintaining treatment gains of preschoolers with disruptive behavior disorders. In: Psychosocial treatments for child and adolescent disorders: Empirically based strategies for clinical practice. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2005. p. 575–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds CR, Kamphaus RW. Behavior assessment system for children (BASC). Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service; 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoenfield L, Eyberg SM. Parent management training. In: Koocher GP, Norcross JC, Hill SS, editors. Psychologist’s Desk Reference. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaffer D, Fisher P, Lucas CP, Dulcan MK, Schwab-Stone ME. NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39:28–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw DS, Keenan K, Vondra JI. Developmental precursors of externalizing behavior: ages 1 to 3. Dev Psychol. 1994;30(3):355–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steenhuis M, Serra M, Minderaa RB, Hartman CA. (2009). An Internet version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV): correspondence of the ADHD section with the paper-and-pencil version. Psychol Assessment. 2009;21(2):231–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steiner H, Remsing L. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46(1):126–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stormshak EA, Bierman KL, McMahon RJ, Lengua LJ. Parenting practices and child disruptive behavior problems in early elementary school. J Clin Child Psychol. 2000;29:17–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Training Guidelines for Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (2009). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy—Theoretical Underpinnings of PCIT. (n.d.). Retrieved June 21, 2009, from http://pcit.phhp.ufl.edu/TrainingGuidelines.htm.

  • Turgay A, Binder C, Snyder R, Fisman S. Long-term safety and efficacy of risperidone for the treatment of disruptive behavior disorders in children with subaverage IQs. Pediatrics. 2002;110(3):e34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walker HM, Ramsey E, Gresham FM. Antisocial Behavior in School: evidence-based practices. 2nd ed. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton CS. The incredible year. Toronto: Umbrella Press; 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton C, Reid MJ. Incredible years parents and teachers training series: a head start partnership to promote social competence and prevent conduct problems. In: Preventing youth substance abuse: science-based programs for children and adolescents. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2007. p. 67–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton C, Reid MJ, Stoolmiller M. Preventing conduct problems and improving school readiness: evaluation of the incredible years teacher and child training programs in high-risk schools. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2008;49(5):471–88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weisz JR, Jensen-Doss A, Hawley KM. Evidence-based youth psychotherapies versus usual clinical care: a meta-analysis of direct comparisons. Am Psychol. 2006;61(7):671–89.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wright D. Time away: a procedure to keep task-avoiding students under instructional control. Retrieved June 22, 2009, from http://www.pent.ca.gov; http://www.pent.ca.gov/for/f8/timeaway.pdf.; 2008.

  • Wymbs BT, Pelham Jr, WE, Molina BSG, Gnagy EM, Wilson TK, Greenhouse JB. Rate and predictors of divorce among parents of youths with ADHD. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008;76(5):735–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. BehaviorTech Solutions, Inc., 16430 Ventura Blvd., Suite 107, Encino, CA, 91436, USA

    Bruce M. Gale

Authors
  1. Bruce M. Gale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bruce M. Gale .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, 89557-0062, Nevada, USA

    Crissa Draper

  2. Dept. Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, 89557-0062, Nevada, USA

    William T. O'Donohue

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gale, B.M. (2011). Oppositional Defiant Disorder. In: Draper, C., O'Donohue, W. (eds) Stepped Care and e-Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6510-3_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation