Abstract
Each patient with dysphagia is different, for the underlying causes for the symptom, dysphagia, are many and diverse and include both structural and functional causes. Structural lesions include benign lesions such as rings, webs, and strictures and malignant lesions such as cancer and lymphoma. Many neuromuscular conditions can cause dysphagia including cerebrovascular accident, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, motor neuron disease), Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, myopathies, and myasthenia gravis (see Chapter 12 for discussion in more depth). Many systemic disorders can produce dysphagia such as dermatomyositis and scleroderma (1). Medications can produce or exacerbate swallowing function either by producing drug-induced pharyngitis or esophagitis or by affecting neuromuscular transmission of peristalsis (1,2).
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Jones, B. (2003). The Tailored Examination. In: Jones, B. (eds) Normal and Abnormal Swallowing. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22434-3_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22434-3_3
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