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Anatomical and Physiological Overview

  • Chapter
Normal and Abnormal Swallowing

Abstract

The seemingly effortless act of swallowing is, in reality, quite complex, involving approximately 50 paired muscles and virtually all levels of the central nervous system. For historical reasons, and as a matter of convenience, swallowing has been divided into three anatomically and temporally distinct stages, or phases. The first, or oral phase, is primarily preparatory, and is that period during which foodstuffs are chewed and mixed with saliva to produce the proper texture and consistency for smooth transit through the pharynx and esophagus. The second, or pharyngeal phase, begins when the bolus passes the faucial pillars to enter the upper pharynx and ends when it crosses the pharyngoesophageal sphincter. The third, or esophageal phase, covers that period during which the bolus is transported from the pharynx to the stomach via the esophagus.

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Authors
  1. Emmett T. Cunningham Jr.
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  2. Bronwyn Jones
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 21287, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Bronwyn Jones MD, FRACP, FRCR (Professor of Radiology, Director) (Professor of Radiology, Director)

  2. The Johns Hopkins Swallowing Center, 21287, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Bronwyn Jones MD, FRACP, FRCR (Professor of Radiology, Director) (Professor of Radiology, Director)

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Cunningham, E.T., Jones, B. (2003). Anatomical and Physiological Overview. In: Jones, B. (eds) Normal and Abnormal Swallowing. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22434-3_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22434-3_2

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