Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

05-09-2019 | Brief Report

Brief Report: Pupillometry, Visual Perception, and ASD Features in a Task-Switching Paradigm

Auteurs: Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio, Yirui Hu, Vanessa Troiani

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 12/2019

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

We assessed the association between dynamic changes in pupil response in the context of visual perception and quantitative measures of the autism phenotype in healthy adults. Using Navon stimuli in a task-switching paradigm, participants were instructed to identify global or local information based on a cue. Multiple pupil response trajectories across conditions were identified. We combined trajectory patterns for global and local conditions and used data-driven methods to identify three distinct pupil trajectory sub-groups. We report higher scores on quantitative measures of autism features in individuals who demonstrated an increased change in pupil diameter across both conditions. Results demonstrate the use of individualized pupil response trajectories in order to quantitatively characterize visual perception associated with the broader autism phenotype (BAP).
Voetnoten
1
While stimuli were presented for 5.5 s, due to consistent variability in Tobii eyetracking acquisitions (some having slightly over and/or under 330 samples taken across each 5.5 stimulus presentation) the initial 300 collected samples within each trial were used in analyses.
 
2
We also explored potential differences in baseline pupil diameter between global and local conditions between our pupil trajectory groups. These analyses were carried out for all three pupil trajectory groups as well as comparisons between DIL and the collapsed, LF + NAR group. Results did not indicate significant differences in baseline pupil diameter associated with pupil trajectory group membership(p’s > 0.82, NS).
 
Literatuur
go back to reference Ahern, S., & Beatty, J. (1979). Pupillary responses during information processing vary with Scholastic Aptitude Test scores. Science,205(4412), 1289–1292.PubMedCrossRef Ahern, S., & Beatty, J. (1979). Pupillary responses during information processing vary with Scholastic Aptitude Test scores. Science,205(4412), 1289–1292.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Almeida, R. A., Dickinson, J. E., Maybery, M. T., Badcock, J. C., & Badcock, D. R. (2010). A new step towards understanding embedded figures test performance in the autism spectrum: The radial frequency search task. Neuropsychologia,48(2), 374–381.PubMedCrossRef Almeida, R. A., Dickinson, J. E., Maybery, M. T., Badcock, J. C., & Badcock, D. R. (2010). A new step towards understanding embedded figures test performance in the autism spectrum: The radial frequency search task. Neuropsychologia,48(2), 374–381.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Baayen, R. H., Davidson, D. J., & Bates, D. M. (2008). Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items. Journal of Memory and Language,59(4), 390–412.CrossRef Baayen, R. H., Davidson, D. J., & Bates, D. M. (2008). Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items. Journal of Memory and Language,59(4), 390–412.CrossRef
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, malesand females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,31(1), 5–17.CrossRefPubMed Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, malesand females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,31(1), 5–17.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Beatty, J., & Lucero-Wagoner, B. (2000). The pupillary system. Handbook of Psychophysiology,2, 142–162. Beatty, J., & Lucero-Wagoner, B. (2000). The pupillary system. Handbook of Psychophysiology,2, 142–162.
go back to reference Binda, P., Pereverzeva, M., & Murray, S. O. (2013). Attention to bright surfaces enhances the pupillary light reflex. Journal of Neuroscience,33(5), 2199–2204.PubMedCrossRef Binda, P., Pereverzeva, M., & Murray, S. O. (2013). Attention to bright surfaces enhances the pupillary light reflex. Journal of Neuroscience,33(5), 2199–2204.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Boev, A. N., Fountas, K. N., Karampelas, I., Boev, C., Machinis, T. G., Feltes, C., et al. (2005). Quantitative pupillometry: Normative data in healthy pediatric volunteers. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics,103(6), 496–500. Boev, A. N., Fountas, K. N., Karampelas, I., Boev, C., Machinis, T. G., Feltes, C., et al. (2005). Quantitative pupillometry: Normative data in healthy pediatric volunteers. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics,103(6), 496–500.
go back to reference Busch, N. A., Dubois, J., & VanRullen, R. (2009). The phase of ongoing EEG oscillations predicts visual perception. Journal of Neuroscience,29(24), 7869–7876.PubMedCrossRef Busch, N. A., Dubois, J., & VanRullen, R. (2009). The phase of ongoing EEG oscillations predicts visual perception. Journal of Neuroscience,29(24), 7869–7876.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cassel, T. D., Messinger, D. S., Ibanez, L. V., Haltigan, J. D., Acosta, S. I., & Buchman, A. C. (2007). Early social and emotional communication in the infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders: An examination of the broad phenotype. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,37(1), 122–132.PubMedCrossRef Cassel, T. D., Messinger, D. S., Ibanez, L. V., Haltigan, J. D., Acosta, S. I., & Buchman, A. C. (2007). Early social and emotional communication in the infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders: An examination of the broad phenotype. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,37(1), 122–132.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Colder, C. R., Campbell, R. T., Ruel, E., Richardson, J. L., & Flay, B. R. (2002). A finite mixture model of growth trajectories of adolescent alcohol use: Predictors and consequences. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,70(4), 976.PubMedCrossRef Colder, C. R., Campbell, R. T., Ruel, E., Richardson, J. L., & Flay, B. R. (2002). A finite mixture model of growth trajectories of adolescent alcohol use: Predictors and consequences. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,70(4), 976.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference D’Souza, D., Booth, R., Connolly, M., Happé, F., & Karmiloff-Smith, A. (2016). Rethinking the concepts of ‘local or global processors’: Evidence from williams syndrome, down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorders. Developmental Science,19(3), 452–468.PubMedCrossRef D’Souza, D., Booth, R., Connolly, M., Happé, F., & Karmiloff-Smith, A. (2016). Rethinking the concepts of ‘local or global processors’: Evidence from williams syndrome, down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorders. Developmental Science,19(3), 452–468.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference DiCriscio, A. S., Hu, Y., & Troiani, V. (2018). Task induced pupil response and visual perception in adults. PLoS ONE,13(12), e0209556.CrossRef DiCriscio, A. S., Hu, Y., & Troiani, V. (2018). Task induced pupil response and visual perception in adults. PLoS ONE,13(12), e0209556.CrossRef
go back to reference DiCriscio, A. S., Hu, Y., & Troiani, V. (2019). Visual perception, task-induced pupil response trajectories and ASD features in children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,49(7), 3016.PubMedCrossRef DiCriscio, A. S., Hu, Y., & Troiani, V. (2019). Visual perception, task-induced pupil response trajectories and ASD features in children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,49(7), 3016.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference DiCriscio, A. S., & Troiani, V. (2017b). Pupil adaptation corresponds to quantitative measures of autism traits in children. Scientific Reports,7(1), 6476.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef DiCriscio, A. S., & Troiani, V. (2017b). Pupil adaptation corresponds to quantitative measures of autism traits in children. Scientific Reports,7(1), 6476.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Drew, P., Sayres, R., Watanabe, K., & Shimojo, S. (2001). Pupillary response to chromatic flicker. Experimental Brain Research,136(2), 256–262.PubMedCrossRef Drew, P., Sayres, R., Watanabe, K., & Shimojo, S. (2001). Pupillary response to chromatic flicker. Experimental Brain Research,136(2), 256–262.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dukette, D., & Stiles, J. (2001). The effects of stimulus density on children’s analysis of hierarchical patterns. Developmental Science,4(2), 233–251.CrossRef Dukette, D., & Stiles, J. (2001). The effects of stimulus density on children’s analysis of hierarchical patterns. Developmental Science,4(2), 233–251.CrossRef
go back to reference Erstenyuk, V., Swanson, M. R., & Siller, M. (2014). Pupillary responses during a joint attention task are associated with nonverbal cognitive abilities and sub-clinical symptoms of autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,8(6), 644–653.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Erstenyuk, V., Swanson, M. R., & Siller, M. (2014). Pupillary responses during a joint attention task are associated with nonverbal cognitive abilities and sub-clinical symptoms of autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,8(6), 644–653.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Grinter, E. J., Maybery, M. T., Van Beek, P. L., Pellicano, E., Badcock, J. C., & Badcock, D. R. (2009). Global visual processing and self-rated autistic-like traits. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,39(9), 1278–1290.PubMedCrossRef Grinter, E. J., Maybery, M. T., Van Beek, P. L., Pellicano, E., Badcock, J. C., & Badcock, D. R. (2009). Global visual processing and self-rated autistic-like traits. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,39(9), 1278–1290.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Guy, J., Mottron, L., Berthiaume, C., & Bertone, A. (2016). A developmental perspective of global and local visual perception in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,49(7), 2706.CrossRef Guy, J., Mottron, L., Berthiaume, C., & Bertone, A. (2016). A developmental perspective of global and local visual perception in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,49(7), 2706.CrossRef
go back to reference Happe, F. (1999). Autism: Cognitive deficit or cognitive style? Trends in Cognitive Science,3(6), 216–222.CrossRef Happe, F. (1999). Autism: Cognitive deficit or cognitive style? Trends in Cognitive Science,3(6), 216–222.CrossRef
go back to reference Happé, F. G., & Booth, R. D. (2008). The power of the positive: Revisiting weak coherence in autism spectrum disorders. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,61(1), 50–63.PubMedCrossRef Happé, F. G., & Booth, R. D. (2008). The power of the positive: Revisiting weak coherence in autism spectrum disorders. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,61(1), 50–63.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hayward, D. A., Fenerci, C., & Ristic, J. (2018). An investigation of global-local processing bias in a large sample of typical individuals varying in autism traits. Consciousness and Cognition,65, 271–279.PubMedCrossRef Hayward, D. A., Fenerci, C., & Ristic, J. (2018). An investigation of global-local processing bias in a large sample of typical individuals varying in autism traits. Consciousness and Cognition,65, 271–279.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hobson, R. P., Lee, A., & Brown, R. (1999). Autism and congenital blindness. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,29(1), 45–56.PubMedCrossRef Hobson, R. P., Lee, A., & Brown, R. (1999). Autism and congenital blindness. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,29(1), 45–56.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ingersoll, B. (2010). Broader autism phenotype and nonverbal sensitivity: Evidence for an association in the general population. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,40(5), 590–598.PubMedCrossRef Ingersoll, B. (2010). Broader autism phenotype and nonverbal sensitivity: Evidence for an association in the general population. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,40(5), 590–598.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ingersoll, B., Hopwood, C. J., Wainer, A., & Donnellan, M. B. (2011). A comparison of three self-report measures of the broader autism phenotype in a non-clinical sample. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,41(12), 1646–1657.PubMedCrossRef Ingersoll, B., Hopwood, C. J., Wainer, A., & Donnellan, M. B. (2011). A comparison of three self-report measures of the broader autism phenotype in a non-clinical sample. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,41(12), 1646–1657.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jepma, M., & Nieuwenhuis, S. (2011). Pupil diameter predicts changes in the exploration–exploitation trade-off: Evidence for the adaptive gain theory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,23(7), 1587–1596.PubMedCrossRef Jepma, M., & Nieuwenhuis, S. (2011). Pupil diameter predicts changes in the exploration–exploitation trade-off: Evidence for the adaptive gain theory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,23(7), 1587–1596.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jobe, L. E., & White, S. W. (2007). Loneliness, social relationships, and a broader autism phenotype in college students. Personality and Individual Differences,42(8), 1479–1489.CrossRef Jobe, L. E., & White, S. W. (2007). Loneliness, social relationships, and a broader autism phenotype in college students. Personality and Individual Differences,42(8), 1479–1489.CrossRef
go back to reference Laeng, B., Sirois, S., & Gredeback, G. (2012). Pupillometry: A Window to the preconscious? Perspective on Psychological Science,7, 18–27.CrossRef Laeng, B., Sirois, S., & Gredeback, G. (2012). Pupillometry: A Window to the preconscious? Perspective on Psychological Science,7, 18–27.CrossRef
go back to reference Lent, M. R., Hu, Y., Benotti, P. N., Petrick, A. T., Wood, G. C., Still, C. D., et al. (2018). Demographic, clinical, and behavioral determinants of 7-year weight change trajectories in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases,14(11), 1680–1685.PubMedCrossRef Lent, M. R., Hu, Y., Benotti, P. N., Petrick, A. T., Wood, G. C., Still, C. D., et al. (2018). Demographic, clinical, and behavioral determinants of 7-year weight change trajectories in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases,14(11), 1680–1685.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Losh, M., Childress, D., Lam, K., & Piven, J. (2008). Defining key features of the broad autism phenotype. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics: The Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics,147(4), 424–433. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30612.CrossRef Losh, M., Childress, D., Lam, K., & Piven, J. (2008). Defining key features of the broad autism phenotype. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics: The Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics,147(4), 424–433. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​ajmg.​b.​30612.CrossRef
go back to reference Marshall, S. P. (2002). The index of cognitive activity: Measuring cognitive workload. Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants, 7–7. IEEE. Marshall, S. P. (2002). The index of cognitive activity: Measuring cognitive workload. Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants, 7–7. IEEE.
go back to reference Martin, I., & McDonald, S. (2003). Weak coherence, no theory of mind, or executive dysfunction? Solving the puzzle of pragmatic language disorders. Brain and Language,85(3), 451–466.PubMedCrossRef Martin, I., & McDonald, S. (2003). Weak coherence, no theory of mind, or executive dysfunction? Solving the puzzle of pragmatic language disorders. Brain and Language,85(3), 451–466.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Martino, Di, Adriana, M. D., Shehzad, Z., Kelly, C., Roy, A. K., Gee, D. G., et al. (2009). Relationship between cingulo-insular functional connectivity and autistic traits in neurotypical adults. American Journal of Psychiatry,166(8), 891–899.PubMedCrossRef Martino, Di, Adriana, M. D., Shehzad, Z., Kelly, C., Roy, A. K., Gee, D. G., et al. (2009). Relationship between cingulo-insular functional connectivity and autistic traits in neurotypical adults. American Journal of Psychiatry,166(8), 891–899.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference McKone, E., Davies, A. A., Fernando, D., Aalders, R., Leung, H., Wickramariyaratne, T., et al. (2010). Asia has the global advantage: Race and visual attention. Vision Research,50(16), 1540–1549.PubMedCrossRef McKone, E., Davies, A. A., Fernando, D., Aalders, R., Leung, H., Wickramariyaratne, T., et al. (2010). Asia has the global advantage: Race and visual attention. Vision Research,50(16), 1540–1549.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Moresi, S., Adam, J. J., Rijcken, J., Van Gerven, P. W., Kuipers, H., & Jolles, J. (2008). Pupil dilation in response preparation. International Journal of Psychophysiology,67(2), 124–130.PubMedCrossRef Moresi, S., Adam, J. J., Rijcken, J., Van Gerven, P. W., Kuipers, H., & Jolles, J. (2008). Pupil dilation in response preparation. International Journal of Psychophysiology,67(2), 124–130.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Nagin, D. S., & Nagin, D. (2005). Group-based modeling of development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRef Nagin, D. S., & Nagin, D. (2005). Group-based modeling of development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Navon, D. (1977). Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology,9(3), 353–383.CrossRef Navon, D. (1977). Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology,9(3), 353–383.CrossRef
go back to reference Nyström, P., Gredebäck, G., Bölte, S., & Falck-Ytter, T. (2015). Hypersensitive pupillary light reflex in infants at risk for autism. Molecular Autism,6(1), 1.CrossRef Nyström, P., Gredebäck, G., Bölte, S., & Falck-Ytter, T. (2015). Hypersensitive pupillary light reflex in infants at risk for autism. Molecular Autism,6(1), 1.CrossRef
go back to reference O’Riordan, M. A., Plaisted, K. C., Driver, J., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2001). Superior visual search in autism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,27(3), 719.PubMed O’Riordan, M. A., Plaisted, K. C., Driver, J., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2001). Superior visual search in autism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,27(3), 719.PubMed
go back to reference Piven, J., Palmer, P., Jacobi, D., Childress, D., & Arndt, S. (1997). Broader autism phenotype: Evidence from a family history study of multiple-incidence autism families. American Journal of Psychiatry,154(2), 185–190.CrossRefPubMed Piven, J., Palmer, P., Jacobi, D., Childress, D., & Arndt, S. (1997). Broader autism phenotype: Evidence from a family history study of multiple-incidence autism families. American Journal of Psychiatry,154(2), 185–190.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Reed, P., Lowe, C., & Everett, R. (2011). Perceptual learning and perceptual search are altered in male university students with higher autism quotient scores. Personality and Individual Differences,51(6), 732–736.CrossRef Reed, P., Lowe, C., & Everett, R. (2011). Perceptual learning and perceptual search are altered in male university students with higher autism quotient scores. Personality and Individual Differences,51(6), 732–736.CrossRef
go back to reference Russell-Smith, S. N., Maybery, M. T., Bayliss, D. M., & Sng, A. A. H. (2012). Support for a link between the local processing bias and social deficits in autism: An investigation of embedded figures test performance in non-clinical individuals. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,42(11), 2420–2430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1506-z.CrossRefPubMed Russell-Smith, S. N., Maybery, M. T., Bayliss, D. M., & Sng, A. A. H. (2012). Support for a link between the local processing bias and social deficits in autism: An investigation of embedded figures test performance in non-clinical individuals. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,42(11), 2420–2430. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10803-012-1506-z.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sasson, N. J., Turner-Brown, L. M., Holtzclaw, T. N., Lam, K. S. L., & Bodfish, J. W. (2008). Children with autism demonstrate circumscribed attention during passive viewing of complex social and nonsocial picture arrays. Autism Research,1(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.4.CrossRefPubMed Sasson, N. J., Turner-Brown, L. M., Holtzclaw, T. N., Lam, K. S. L., & Bodfish, J. W. (2008). Children with autism demonstrate circumscribed attention during passive viewing of complex social and nonsocial picture arrays. Autism Research,1(1), 31–42. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​aur.​4.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Scherf, K. S., Behrmann, M., Kimchi, R., & Luna, B. (2009). Emergence of global shape processing continues through adolescence. Child Development,80(1), 162–177.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Scherf, K. S., Behrmann, M., Kimchi, R., & Luna, B. (2009). Emergence of global shape processing continues through adolescence. Child Development,80(1), 162–177.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Shah, A., & Frith, U. (1993). Why do autistic individuals show superior performance on the block design task? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,34(8), 1351–1364.CrossRefPubMed Shah, A., & Frith, U. (1993). Why do autistic individuals show superior performance on the block design task? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,34(8), 1351–1364.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Stiles, J., & Tada, W. L. (1996). Developmental change in children’s analysis of spatial patterns. Developmental Psychology,32(5), 951.CrossRef Stiles, J., & Tada, W. L. (1996). Developmental change in children’s analysis of spatial patterns. Developmental Psychology,32(5), 951.CrossRef
go back to reference Turi, M., Burr, D. C., & Binda, P. (2018). Pupillometry reveals perceptual differences that are tightly linked to autistic traits in typical adults. Elife,7, e32399.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Turi, M., Burr, D. C., & Binda, P. (2018). Pupillometry reveals perceptual differences that are tightly linked to autistic traits in typical adults. Elife,7, e32399.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference van der Wel, P., & van Steenbergen, H. (2018). Pupil dilation as an index of effort in cognitive control tasks: A review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,25(6), 2005.CrossRef van der Wel, P., & van Steenbergen, H. (2018). Pupil dilation as an index of effort in cognitive control tasks: A review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,25(6), 2005.CrossRef
go back to reference Varnum, M. E., Shi, Z., Chen, A., Qiu, J., & Han, S. (2014). When “Your” reward is the same as “My” reward: Self-construal priming shifts neural responses to own vs. friends’ rewards. NeuroImage,87, 164–169.PubMedCrossRef Varnum, M. E., Shi, Z., Chen, A., Qiu, J., & Han, S. (2014). When “Your” reward is the same as “My” reward: Self-construal priming shifts neural responses to own vs. friends’ rewards. NeuroImage,87, 164–169.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wechsler, D., & Hsiao-pin, C. (2011). WASI-II: Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence. Pearson. Wechsler, D., & Hsiao-pin, C. (2011). WASI-II: Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence. Pearson.
go back to reference Yirmiya, N., Gamliel, I., Pilowsky, T., Feldman, R., Baron-Cohen, S., & Sigman, M. (2006). The development of siblings of children with autism at 4 and 14 months: Social engagement, communication, and cognition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,47(5), 511–523.PubMedCrossRef Yirmiya, N., Gamliel, I., Pilowsky, T., Feldman, R., Baron-Cohen, S., & Sigman, M. (2006). The development of siblings of children with autism at 4 and 14 months: Social engagement, communication, and cognition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,47(5), 511–523.PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Brief Report: Pupillometry, Visual Perception, and ASD Features in a Task-Switching Paradigm
Auteurs
Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio
Yirui Hu
Vanessa Troiani
Publicatiedatum
05-09-2019
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 12/2019
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04213-8