Top

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

01-10-2009 | Brief Report

Brief Report: Parental Age and the Sex Ratio in Autism

Auteurs: Alene Anello, Abraham Reichenberg, Xiaodong Luo, James Schmeidler, Eric Hollander, Christopher J. Smith, Connor M. Puleo, Lauren A. Kryzak, Jeremy M. Silverman

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 10/2009

Abstract

The male-to-female (M:F) ratio for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), typically about 4:1, appears to decrease with increasing paternal age, but this relationship has not been systematically tested. With 393 ASD cases from families with two or more ASD cases, we categorized paternal age into five age groups (<30, 30–34, 35–39, 40–44, 45+) and found that the M:F ratio was significantly decreased with increasing paternal age groups and remained so after also adjusting for maternal age. No significant relationship between maternal age group and the M:F ratio was observed. This study suggests that the M:F ratio is reduced with increasing paternal age consistent with de novo genetic or genomic anomalies arising more frequently as men age and then conceive children.

vorige artikel A Review of the Efficacy of the Picture Exchange Communication System Intervention

volgende artikel Eileen Miller: The Girl Who Spoke with Pictures

Brooks, W. H. (2005). Autoimmune disorders result from loss of epigenetic control following chromosome damage. Medical Hypotheses, 64, 590–598. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2004.08.005.PubMedCrossRef

Cantor, R. M., Kono, N., Duvall, J. A., varez-Retuerto, A., Stone, J. L., Alarcon, M., et al. (2005). Replication of autism linkage: Fine-mapping peak at 17q21. American Journal of Human Genetics, 76, 1050–1056. doi:10.1086/430278.PubMedCrossRef

Cantor, R. M., Yoon, J. L., Furr, J., & Lajonchere, C. M. (2007). Paternal age and autism are associated in a family-based sample. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 419–421. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001966.PubMedCrossRef

Croen, L. A., Najjar, D. V., Fireman, B., & Grether, J. K. (2007). Maternal and paternal age and risk of autism spectrum disorders. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 161, 334–340. doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.4.334.PubMedCrossRef

Crow, J. F. (1997). The high spontaneous mutation rate: Is it a health risk? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94, 8380–8386. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.16.8380.PubMedCrossRef

Fombonne, E. (2003). Epidemiological surveys of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders: An update. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33, 365–382. doi:10.1023/A:1025054610557.PubMedCrossRef

Glasson, E. J., Bower, C., Petterson, B., de, K. N., Chaney, G., & Hallmayer, J. F. (2004). Perinatal factors and the development of autism: A population study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61, 618–627. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.6.618.PubMedCrossRef

International Molecular Genetic Study of Autism Consortium. (1998). A full genome screen for autism with evidence for linkage to a region on chromosome 7q. Human Molecular Genetics, 7, 571–578. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.3.571.CrossRef

Lauritsen, M. B., Pedersen, C. B., & Mortensen, P. B. (2005). Effects of familial risk factors and place of birth on the risk of autism: A nationwide register-based study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 46, 963–971. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00391.x.CrossRef

Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Jr, Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., et al. (2000). The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 205–223. doi:10.1023/A:1005592401947.PubMedCrossRef

Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994). Autism diagnostic interview—Revised a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 659–685. doi:10.1007/BF02172145.PubMedCrossRef

Ma, D. Q., Cuccaro, M. L., Jaworski, J. M., Haynes, C. S., Stephan, D. A., Parod, J., et al. (2007). Dissecting the locus heterogeneity of autism: Significant linkage to chromosome 12q14. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 376–384. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001927.PubMedCrossRef

Miles, J. H., Takahashi, T. N., Bagby, S., Sahota, P. K., Vaslow, D. F., Wang, C. H., et al. (2005). Essential versus complex autism: Definition of fundamental prognostic subtypes. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A, 135, 171–180. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.30590.PubMedCrossRef

Miller, M. C. (2006). Older father, autistic child. The Harvard Mental Health Letter, 23, 8.

Puleo, C. M., Reichenberg, A., Smith, C. J., Kryzak, L. A., & Silverman, J. M. (2008). Do autism-related personality traits explain higher paternal age in autism? Molecular Psychiatry, 13, 243–244. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4002102.PubMedCrossRef

Reichenberg, A., Gross, R., Weiser, M., Bresnahan, M., Silverman, J., Harlap, S., et al. (2006). Advancing paternal age and autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 1026–1032. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.9.1026.PubMedCrossRef

Ruder, A. (1985). Paternal-age and birth-order effect on the human secondary sex ratio. American Journal of Human Genetics, 37, 362–372.PubMed

Schellenberg, G. D., Dawson, G., Sung, Y. J., Estes, A., Munson, J., Rosenthal, E. et al. (2006). Evidence for multiple loci from a genome scan of autism kindreds. Molecular Psychiatry, 11, 1049–60, 979.

Sebat, J., Lakshmi, B., Malhotra, D., Troge, J., Lese-Martin, C., Walsh, T., et al. (2007). Strong association of de novo copy number mutations with autism. Science, 316, 445–449. doi:10.1126/science.1138659.PubMedCrossRef

Silverman, J. M., Smith, C. J., Schmeidler, J., Hollander, E., Lawlor, B. A., Fitzgerald, M., et al. (2002). Symptom domains in autism and related conditions: Evidence for familiality. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 114, 64–73. doi:10.1002/ajmg.10048.PubMedCrossRef

Skuse, D. H. (2000). Imprinting, the X-chromosome, and the male brain: Explaining sex differences in the liability to autism. Pediatric Research, 47, 9–16. doi:10.1203/00006450-200001000-00006.PubMedCrossRef

Stone, J. L., Merriman, B., Cantor, R. M., Yonan, A. L., Gilliam, T. C., Geschwind, D. H., et al. (2004). Evidence for sex-specific risk alleles in autism spectrum disorder. American Journal of Human Genetics, 75, 1117–1123. doi:10.1086/426034.PubMedCrossRef

Szatmari, P., Paterson, A. D., Zwaigenbaum, L., Roberts, W., Brian, J., Liu, X. Q., et al. (2007). Mapping autism risk loci using genetic linkage and chromosomal rearrangements. Nature Genetics, 39, 319–328. doi:10.1038/ng1985.PubMedCrossRef

Tsuchiya, K. J., Matsumoto, K., Miyachi, T., Tsujii, M., Nakamura, K., Takagai, S., et al. (2008). Paternal age at birth and high-functioning autistic-spectrum disorder in offspring. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 193, 316–321. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.045120.PubMedCrossRef

Volkmar, F. R., Szatmari, P., & Sparrow, S. S. (1993). Sex differences in pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 23, 579–591. doi:10.1007/BF01046103.PubMedCrossRef

Weiss, L. A., Shen, Y., Korn, J. M., Arking, D. E., Miller, D. T., Fossdal, R., et al. (2008). Association between microdeletion and microduplication at 16p11.2 and autism. The New England Journal of Medicine, 358, 667–675. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa075974.PubMedCrossRef

Wyrobek, A. J., Eskenazi, B., Young, S., Arnheim, N., Tiemann-Boege, I., Jabs, E. W., et al. (2006). Advancing age has differential effects on DNA damage, chromatin integrity, gene mutations, and aneuploidies in sperm. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 9601–9606. doi:10.1073/pnas.0506468103.PubMedCrossRef

Zhao, X., Leotta, A., Kustanovich, V., Lajonchere, C., Geschwind, D. H., Law, K., et al. (2007). A unified genetic theory for sporadic and inherited autism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 12831–12836. doi:10.1073/pnas.0705803104.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Brief Report: Parental Age and the Sex Ratio in Autism
Auteurs: Alene Anello
Abraham Reichenberg
Xiaodong Luo
James Schmeidler
Eric Hollander
Christopher J. Smith
Connor M. Puleo
Lauren A. Kryzak
Jeremy M. Silverman
Publicatiedatum: 01-10-2009
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 10/2009
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0755-y

Andere artikelen Uitgave 10/2009

Keiko Kobe, With the Light: Raising an Autistic Child

Book Review

A Review of the Efficacy of the Picture Exchange Communication System Intervention

Original Paper

Concept Mastery Routines to Teach Social Skills to Elementary Children with High Functioning Autism

Original Paper

Sensory Impairments and Autism: A Re-Examination of Causal Modelling

Original Paper

Eileen Miller: The Girl Who Spoke with Pictures

Book Review

Investigation of Shifts in Autism Reporting in the California Department of Developmental Services

Original Paper