Top

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

01-08-2011 | Brief Report

Brief Report: Broader Autism Phenotype Predicts Spontaneous Reciprocity of Direct Gaze

Auteurs: Frances S. Chen, Jennifer M. D. Yoon

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 8/2011

Abstract

We report evidence for a relationship in the general population between self-reported autism-associated traits and the spontaneous reciprocation of direct gaze, a behavior that we propose may reflect a tendency to synchronize with social partners. Adults viewed videos of actors whose gaze was either directed towards or averted from them. Individuals with lower scores on four subscales of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scale showed a greater tendency to look at directed relative to averted eyes; individuals with higher scores on the AQ did not. This relationship was specific to autism-associated traits and to gaze towards the eyes; it did not generalize to a social anxiety measure or to gaze towards the mouth. We discuss implications for our understanding of the broader autism phenotype.

vorige artikel Brief Report: Autistic-Like Traits in Childhood Predict Later Age at Menarche in Girls

volgende artikel The Socially Included Child: A Parent’s Guide to Successful Playdates, Recreation, and Family Events for Children with Autism

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Austin, E. J. (2005). Personality correlates of the broader autism phenotype as assessed by the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Personality and Individual Differences, 38(2), 451–460.CrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 5–17.PubMedCrossRef

Buitelaar, J. K. (1995). Attachment and social withdrawal in autism: hypotheses and findings. Behaviour, 132, 319–350.CrossRef

Chartrand, T. L., & Bargh, J. A. (1999). The chameleon effect: The perception-behavior link and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(6), 893–910.PubMedCrossRef

Dalton, K., Nacewicz, B., Alexander, A., & Davidson, R. (2007). Gaze-fixation, brain activation, and amygdala volume in unaffected siblings of individuals with autism. Biological Psychiatry, 61(4), 512–520.PubMedCrossRef

Ingersoll, B. (2010). Broader autism phenotype and nonverbal sensitivity: Evidence for an association in the general population. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(5), 590–598.PubMedCrossRef

Itier, R. J., & Batty, M. (2009). Neural bases of eye and gaze processing: The core of social cognition. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 33, 843–863.PubMedCrossRef

Kleinke, C. L. (1986). Gaze and eye contact: a research review. Psychological Bulletin, 100(1), 78–100.PubMedCrossRef

Kunihira, Y., Senju, A., Dairoku, H., Wakabayashi, A., & Hasegawa, T. (2006). ‘Autistic’ traits in non-autistic Japanese populations: Relationships with personality traits and cognitive ability. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(4), 553–566.PubMedCrossRef

Leary, M. R. (1983). A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9(3), 371–375.CrossRef

McIntosh, D. N., Reichmann-Decker, A., Winkielman, P., & Wilbarger, J. L. (2006). When the social mirror breaks: deficits in automatic, but not voluntary, mimicry of emotional facial expressions in autism. Developmental Science, 9, 295–302.PubMedCrossRef

Reeves, B., & Nass, C. (1996). The media equation: How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications/Cambridge University Press.

Senju, A., & Johnson, M. H. (2009). Atypical eye contact in autism: Models, mechanisms and development. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 33, 1204–1214.PubMedCrossRef

Williams, J. H. G., Whiten, A., & Singh, T. (2004). A systematic review of action imitation in Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 285–299.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Brief Report: Broader Autism Phenotype Predicts Spontaneous Reciprocity of Direct Gaze
Auteurs: Frances S. Chen
Jennifer M. D. Yoon
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2011
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 8/2011
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1136-2

Andere artikelen Uitgave 8/2011

Discrepancies Between Academic Achievement and Intellectual Ability in Higher-Functioning School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Original Paper

The Role of Adaptive Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Implications for Functional Outcome

Original Paper

Theory of Mind Training in Children with Autism: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Open Access
Original paper

Slowing Down the Presentation of Facial and Body Movements Enhances Imitation Performance in Children with Severe Autism

Original Paper

Processing of Ironic Language in Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder

Original Paper

The Efficacy of a Social Skills Group Intervention for Improving Social Behaviors in Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders

Original Paper