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Neuropraxis
Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis 4/2017

23-06-2017 | Artikel

Beter in balans: over de rol van motoriek, balans en bewegingsinterventies bij kinderen met autisme

Auteurs: Claudia Emck, John F. Stins

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 4/2017

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Samenvatting

Kinderen met autisme hebben niet alleen problemen met communicatie en sociale interactie. Ze hebben ook motorische problemen, zoals stereotype bewegingen, slechte coördinatie en zwakke motorische vaardigheden. Al deze vaardigheden zijn van belang om te kunnen participeren in schoolse en buitenschoolse activiteiten. Uit veel studies blijkt dat kinderen met autisme afwijkingen vertonen in de balanshandhaving. Deze verminderde lichaamsstabiliteit ligt mogelijk ten grondslag aan diverse grofmotorische problemen. Twee mechanismen spelen daarbij een rol. Ten eerste een abnormale sensorische integratie, hetgeen waarschijnlijk gerelateerd is aan afwijkingen in het cerebellum en ten tweede verhoogde angstniveaus, die gerelateerd zijn aan overactiviteit in neurale kernen, waarin een koppeling plaatsvindt tussen angstregulatie en balanshandhaving, zoals de nucleus parabrachialis. Bewegingsinterventies, zoals psychomotorische balanstraining, kunnen effectief zijn in het verbeteren van de sociale en motorische competenties. Ze kunnen leiden tot betere balanshandhaving, maar ook zorgen voor angstreductie, wat participatie aan sport- en spelactiviteiten ondersteunt, wat op haar beurt sociaal isolement helpt verminderen. Op deze wijze dragen bewegingsinterventies bij aan een optimale ontwikkeling van kinderen met autismespectrumstoornissen.
vorige artikel De voorspellende waarde van het neurologisch onderzoek bij zuigelingen met een hoog risico op cerebrale parese
volgende artikel Chronische pijn: een doorbraak?
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Metagegevens
Titel
Beter in balans: over de rol van motoriek, balans en bewegingsinterventies bij kinderen met autisme
Auteurs
Claudia Emck
John F. Stins
Publicatiedatum
23-06-2017
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Neuropraxis / Uitgave 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12474-017-0159-2

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