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Gepubliceerd in: Bijblijven 5/2013

01-05-2013 | Artikelen

Behalve reumatische artritis ook jicht cardiovasculair riskant

Over het cardiovasculairrisicomanagement bij twee verschillende reumatologische ziektebeelden

Auteur: Dr. H.J.E.M. Janssens

Gepubliceerd in: Bijblijven | Uitgave 5/2013

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Samenvatting

Dat ontstekingsprocessen een rol spelen bij arteriosclerose en daarmee bij het ontstaan van hart- en vaatziekten lijkt niet meer ter discussie te staan. Omdat vergelijkbare ontstekingsprocessen gezien worden bij inflammatoire reumatologische ziekten als reumatoïde artritis (RA) en jicht, worden deze processen medeverantwoordelijk gehouden voor de sterke associatie die deze ziekten hebben met het ontstaan van cardiovasculaire ziekten. Dit wordt bevestigd door verschillende epidemiologische studies. RA is een systemische chronische inflammatoire ziekte, waarbij de ontstekingsreactie gebaseerd is op een auto-immuunreactie van synoviaal weefsel. Bij jicht is er sprake van episodisch optreden van niet-auto-immune inflammatoire reacties op intra-articulair aanwezige urinezuurkristallen, met waarschijnlijk een low-grade inflammatiestatus in de perioden zonder gewrichtsklachten. In het geval van jicht speelt ook een extra verklaringsmechanisme, namelijk een cardiovasculair belastend purinemetabolisme en de daarmee gepaard gaande hoge serumurinezuurspiegels.
Naast deze verklaringsmechanismen die specifiek samenhangen met RA of jicht zelf, is het ook zo dat cardiovasculaire risicofactoren als hypertensie, diabetes mellitus (DM) en adipositas vaak bij patiënten met RA en jicht voorkomen. En ten slotte kunnen er niet-ziektespecifieke factoren in het spel zijn die ook bij andere chronische ziekten een rol spelen, zoals het sneller detecteren van cardiovasculaire ziekten, omdat chronisch zieke patiënten nu eenmaal vaker door dokters gezien worden.
In nationale en internationale richtlijnen voor de behandeling van patiënten met RA en jicht wordt dan ook sterk geadviseerd rekening te houden met cardiovasculaire risico’s zoals hypertensie. In de NHG-Standaard Cardiovasculair risicomanagement is RA intussen apart opgenomen als een ziekte, met een risicostatus gelijkwaardig aan die van DM. Voor jicht geldt dat (nog) niet, terwijl er sterke aanwijzingen bestaan dat voor jichtpatiënten ook een hogere risicostatus zou moeten gelden, mogelijk vergelijkbaar met die van RA.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Behalve reumatische artritis ook jicht cardiovasculair riskant
Over het cardiovasculairrisicomanagement bij twee verschillende reumatologische ziektebeelden
Auteur
Dr. H.J.E.M. Janssens
Publicatiedatum
01-05-2013
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Bijblijven / Uitgave 5/2013
Print ISSN: 0168-9428
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-4916
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12414-013-0052-8

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