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28-04-2023 | Brief Report

Autism and Hierarchical Models of Intelligence

Auteurs: Michael A. Levine, Huan Chen, Ericka L. Wodka, Brian S. Caffo, Joshua B. Ewen

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

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Abstract

Background

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) employs a hierarchical model of general intelligence in which index scores separate out different clinically-relevant aspects of intelligence; the test is designed such that index scores are statistically independent from one another within the normative sample. Whether or not the existing index scores meet the desired psychometric property of being statistically independent within autistic samples is unknown.

Method

We conducted a factor analysis on WISC fifth edition (WISC-V) (N = 83) and WISC fourth edition (WISC-IV) (N = 131) subtest data in children with autism. We compared the data-driven exploratory factor analysis with the manual-derived index scores, including in a typically developing (TD) WISC-IV cohort (N = 209).

Results

The WISC-IV TD cohort showed the expected 1:1 relationship between empirically derived factors and manual-derived index scores. We observed less unique correlations between our data-driven factors and manualized IQ index scores in both ASD samples (WISC-IV and WISC-V). In particular, in both WISC-IV and -V, working memory (WM) influenced index scores in autistic individuals that do not load on WM in the normative sample.

Conclusions

WISC index scores do not show the desired statistical independence within autistic samples, as judged against an empirically-derived exploratory factor analysis. In particular, within the currently used WISC-V version, WM influences multiple index scores.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Autism and Hierarchical Models of Intelligence
Auteurs
Michael A. Levine
Huan Chen
Ericka L. Wodka
Brian S. Caffo
Joshua B. Ewen
Publicatiedatum
28-04-2023
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05984-x