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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 1/2015

01-01-2015

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Mediate the Association between Deficits in Executive Functioning and Social Impairment in Children

Auteurs: Nora Bunford, Nicole Evangelista Brandt, Catherine Golden, Jana B. Dykstra, Julie A. Suhr, Julie Sarno Owens

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2015

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Abstract

We investigated whether symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are pathways through which deficits in inhibition and working memory are associated with teacher- and parent-rated social impairment in children. Participants were 64 children (55 % males; 53 % with ADHD) in grades 3–6. Consistent with our hypotheses, the association between inhibition and social impairment was mediated by hyperactivity/impulsivity and the association between working memory and social impairment was mediated by inattention. Support was not obtained for alternative models wherein the association between inhibition and social impairment was mediated by inattention, and the association between working memory and social impairment was mediated by hyperactivity/impulsivity. Further, tests of hierarchical models suggest that neither inhibition nor working memory is primary but, rather, that these cognitive processes are related to one another and that they collectively (but not uniquely) contribute to hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention. These findings have implications for conceptual models of ADHD, for understanding factors that influence and sustain social impairment among youth with symptoms of the disorder, and for interventions aimed to addressing such impairment.
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1
Although teachers were specifically instructed to rate children when not medicated, it should be noted as a limitation that we cannot be certain that this was the case. As such, the number of teacher-rated symptoms may be an underestimate.
 
2
Our having obtained significant findings with nonverbal but not with verbal working memory is in line with Nigg et al. (2004)’s proposal of a multicomponent neuropsychological model of ADHD that includes response suppression/behavioral inhibition, set shifting, planning (relying on visual working memory), and interference control.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Mediate the Association between Deficits in Executive Functioning and Social Impairment in Children
Auteurs
Nora Bunford
Nicole Evangelista Brandt
Catherine Golden
Jana B. Dykstra
Julie A. Suhr
Julie Sarno Owens
Publicatiedatum
01-01-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2015
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-014-9902-9

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