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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 6/2013

01-08-2013

Attachment-Related Mentalization Moderates the Relationship Between Psychopathic Traits and Proactive Aggression in Adolescence

Auteurs: Svenja Taubner, Lars O. White, Johannes Zimmermann, Peter Fonagy, Tobias Nolte

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 6/2013

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Abstract

The lack of affective responsiveness to others’ mental states – one of the hallmarks of psychopathy – is thought to give rise to increased interpersonal aggression. Recent models of psychopathy highlight deficits in attachment security that may, in turn, impede the development of relating to others in terms of mental states (mentalization). Here, we aimed to assess whether mentalization linked to attachment relationships may serve as a moderator for the relationship between interpersonal aggression and psychopathic traits in an adolescent community sample. Data from 104 males and females with a mean age of 16.4 years were collected on mentalization capacities using the Reflective Functioning Scale on the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Psychopathic traits and aggressive behavior were measured via self-report. Deficits in mentalization were significantly associated with both psychopathic traits and proactive aggression. As predicted, mentalization played a moderating role, such that individuals with increased psychopathic tendencies did not display increased proactive aggression when they had higher mentalizing capacities. Effects of mentalization on reactive aggression were fully accounted for by its shared variance with proactive aggression. Psychopathic traits alone only partially explain aggression in adolescence. Mentalization may serve as a protective factor to prevent the emergence of proactive aggression in spite of psychopathic traits and may provide a crucial target for intervention.
Voetnoten
1
Following the recommendations by Fidell and Tabachnick (2003), we checked for outliers prior to hypothesis testing. Two data points in RPQ-Pro, one data point in RPQ-Re, and one data point in PPI-R were identified as representing absolute z-values > 2.5. However, we did not correct for these outliers as they did not affect any of the results presented below.
 
2
Based upon these findings and given that the partial correlation between RF and psychopathy was at least marginally significant, r = −0.18, p = 0.08 (controlling for gender, age, immigration status, and general intelligence), it seemed reasonable to test whether RF would mediate the relationship between psychopathy and aggression or whether psychopathy would mediate the relationship between RF and aggression. For this purpose, we tested respective indirect effects (controlling for covariates) using bias corrected and accelerated bootstrap confidence intervals (based upon 5,000 bootstrap replicates, see Preacher and Hayes 2008). However, none of the indirect effects were significant, both when using proactive and reactive aggression as the outcome variable. Thus, we did not find any indication for mediation in our data.
 
3
Note that omitting the four covariates in the first step did not change the results, i.e. both interaction effects remained significant.
 
4
Nonetheless, mentalizing may potentially protect against mistaking harmless but ambiguous social signals for threat cues (e.g., “hostile attribution bias”), which, in turn, trigger aggressive acts that may appear unprovoked and proactive to an outside observer, but biologically function according to reactive patterns.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Attachment-Related Mentalization Moderates the Relationship Between Psychopathic Traits and Proactive Aggression in Adolescence
Auteurs
Svenja Taubner
Lars O. White
Johannes Zimmermann
Peter Fonagy
Tobias Nolte
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2013
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 6/2013
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9736-x

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