Top

Gepubliceerd in:

05-01-2023 | Original Paper

Associations between Family Functioning, Emotion Regulation, Social Support, and Self-injury among Emerging Adult University Students

Auteurs: Mark E. Boyes, Mechelle A. Mah, Penelope Hasking

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 3/2023

Abstract

We tested whether difficulties in emotion regulation mediated the association between family functioning and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), and whether associations between family functioning, emotion regulation, and NSSI were moderated by social support. University students (N = 846, 75.8% female, 35.5% with a history of NSSI, M_age = 20.76) completed an online questionnaire including well-validated measures of family functioning, emotion regulation, social support, and NSSI. Poor family functioning was positively associated with history of NSSI, but not past 12-month frequency of NSSI. Difficulties in emotion regulation were positively associated with both history of NSSI and frequency of NSSI in the past 12 months. Social support from friends moderated the relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and history of NSSI; the association was stronger at higher levels of support. Poor family functioning had an indirect effect on both history of NSSI and frequency of NSSI via difficulties in emotion regulation; however, for frequency the indirect effect was only observed when social support from friends and significant others were low. Poor family functioning, difficulties in emotion regulation, and social support work together to predict NSSI engagement among university students. Findings inform potential integration of current theories and design of targeted interventions.

vorige artikel Shyness and Socio-Emotional Adjustment in Early Childhood in Mainland China: Exploring the Roles of Maternal Parenting Practices and Beliefs about Shyness

volgende artikel Emotion Regulation among Parents Raising a Child with Disability: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Model

Adrian, M., Berk, M. S., Korslund, K., Whitlock, K., McCauley, E., & Linehan, M. (2018). Parental validation and invalidation predict adolescent self-harm. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 49(4), 274 https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000200.CrossRefPubMed

Aiken, L.S., & West, S.G. (1996). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Sage.

Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. The American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469.CrossRefPubMed

Arnett, J. J. (2016). College students as emerging adults: The developmental implications of the college context. Emerging Adulthood, 4(3), 219–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696815587422.CrossRef

Arnett, J. J., Žukauskienė, R., & Sugimura, K. (2014). The new life stage of emerging adulthood at ages 18–29 years: Implications for mental health. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(7), 569–576. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00080-7.CrossRefPubMed

Auerbach, R., Mortier, P., Bruffaerts, R., Alonso, J., Benjet, C., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Ebert, D., Green, J., Hasking, P., Murray, E., Nock, M., Pinder-Amaker, S., Sampson, N., Stein, D., Vilagut, G., Zaslavsky, A., & Kessler, R., WHO WMH-ICS Collaborators. (2018). WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(7), 623–638. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000362.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Baetens, I., Claes, L., Hasking, P., Smits, D., Grietens, H., Onghena, P., & Martin, G. (2015a). The relationship between parental expressed emotions and non-suicidal self-injury: The mediating roles of self-criticism and depression. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(2), 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424620.2015.1056917.CrossRef

Baetens, I., Claes, L., Onghena, P., Grietens, H., Van Leeuwen, K., Pieters, C., Wiersema, J. R., & Griffith, J. W. (2015b). The effects of nonsuicidal self-injury on parenting behaviors: a longitudinal analyses of the perspective of the parent. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental health, 9(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-015-0059-2.CrossRef

Baetens, I., Claes, L., Martin, G., Onghena, P., Grietens, H., Van Leeuwen, K., Pieters, C., Wiersema, J. R., & Griffith, J. W. (2014). Is nonsuicidal self injury associated with parenting and family factors? The Journal of Early Adolescence, 34(3), 387–405. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431613494006.CrossRef

Baiden, P., Stewart, S. L., & Fallon, B. (2017). The role of adverse childhood experiences as determinants of non-suicidal self-injury among children and adolescents referred to community and inpatient mental health settings. Child Abuse & Neglect, 69, 163–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.04.011.CrossRef

Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2008). 8-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder: Mentalization-based treatment versus treatment as usual. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(5), 631–638. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07040636.CrossRefPubMed

Bohnert, A. M., Aikins, J. W., & Edidin, J. (2007). The role of organized activities in facilitating social adaptation across the transition to college. Journal of Adolescent Research, 22(2), 189–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558406297940.CrossRef

Brausch, A. M., & Gutierrez, P. M. (2010). Differences in non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(3), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-009-9482-0.CrossRefPubMed

Bresin, K., & Schoenleber, M. (2015). Gender differences in the prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 38, 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.009.CrossRefPubMed

Bruffaerts, R., Mortier, P., Kiekens, G., Auerbach, R. P., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Green, J. G., Nock, M. K., & Kessler, R. C. (2018). Mental health problems in college freshmen: Prevalence and academic functioning. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.044.CrossRefPubMed

Bruwer, B., Emsley, R., Kidd, M., Lochner, C., & Seedat, S. (2008). Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in youth. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 49(2), 195–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.09.002.CrossRefPubMed

Claes, L., Houben, A., Vandereycken, W., Bijttebier, P., & Muehlenkamp, J. (2010). Brief report: The association between non-suicidal self-injury, self-concept and acquaintance with self-injurious peers in a sample of adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 33(5), 775–778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.10.012.CrossRefPubMed

Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310 https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310.CrossRefPubMed

Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., McCauley, E., Smith, C. J., Vasilev, C. A., & Stevens, A. L. (2008). Parent-child interactions, peripheral serotonin, and self-inflicted injury in adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(1), 15 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.15.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Crowell, S. E., Baucom, B. R., McCauley, E., Potapova, N. V., Fitelson, M., Barth, H., Smith, C. J., & Beauchaine, T. P. (2013). Mechanisms of contextual risk for adolescent self-injury: Invalidation and conflict escalation in mother–child interactions. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42(4), 467–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.785360.CrossRef

Epstein, N. B., Baldwin, L. M., & Bishop, D. S. (1983). The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 9(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.1983.tb01497.x.CrossRef

Ewing, L., Hamza, C. A., & Willoughby, T. (2019). Stressful experiences, emotion dysregulation, and nonsuicidal self-injury among university students. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(7), 1379–1389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01025-y.CrossRefPubMed

Forster, M., Grigsby, T. J., Gower, A. L., Mehus, C. J., & McMorris, B. J. (2020). The role of social support in the association between childhood adversity and adolescent self-injury and suicide: Findings from a statewide sample of high school students. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49(6), 1195–1208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01235-9.CrossRefPubMed

Gandhi, A., Luyckx, K., Baetens, I., Kiekens, G., Sleuwaegen, E., Berens, A., Maitra, S., & Claes, L. (2018). Age of onset of non-suicidal self-injury in Dutch-speaking adolescents and emerging adults: An event history analysis of pooled data. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 80, 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.10.007.CrossRefPubMed

Glenn, C., Esposito, E., Porter, A., & Robinson, D. (2019). Evidence base update of psychosocial treatments for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in youth. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 48(3), 357–392. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2019.1591281.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Glenn, C. R., & Klonsky, E. D. (2011). One-year test-retest reliability of the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury (ISAS). Assessment, 18(3), 375–378. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191111411669.CrossRefPubMed

Gratz, K. L. & & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94.CrossRef

Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2008). The relationship between emotion dysregulation and deliberate self‐harm among female undergraduate students at an urban commuter university. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 37(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506070701819524.CrossRefPubMed

Gratz, K. L., Bardeen, J. R., Levy, R., Dixon-Gordon, K. L., & Tull, M. T. (2015). Mechanisms of change in an emotion regulation group therapy for deliberate self-harm among women with borderline personality disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 65, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.12.005.CrossRefPubMed

Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition & Emotion, 13(5), 551–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/026999399379186.CrossRef

Haines, J., Williams, C. L., Brain, K. L., & Wilson, G. V. (1995). The psychophysiology of self-mutilation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104(3), 471 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.104.3.471.CrossRefPubMed

Hallion, L. S., Steinman, S. A., Tolin, D. F., & Diefenbach, G. J. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and its short forms in adults with emotional disorders. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 539 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00539.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hasking, P., Rees, C. S., Martin, G., & Quigley, J. (2015). What happens when you tell someone you self-injure? The effects of disclosing NSSI to adults and peers. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2383-0.CrossRef

Hasking, P., Dawkins, J., Gray, N., Wijeratne, P., & Boyes, M. (2020). Indirect effects of family functioning on non-suicidal self-injury and risky drinking: The roles of emotion reactivity and emotion regulation. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 2070–2079. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01722-4.CrossRef

Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis. A Regression-Based Approach (2nd Ed.). The Guilford Press

Hirsch, J., & Ellis, J. B. (1995). Family support and other social factors precipitating suicidal ideation. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 41(1), 26–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/002076409504100103.CrossRefPubMed

Hirsch, J. K., & Barton, A. L. (2011). Positive social support, negative social exchanges, and suicidal behavior in college students. Journal of American College Health, 59(5), 393–398. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.515635.CrossRefPubMed

Hopko, D., Lejuez, C., Ruggiero, K., & Eifert, G. (2003). Contemporary behavioral activation treatments for depression: Procedures, principles, and progress. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 699–717.CrossRefPubMed

IBM Corporation. (2020). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0. Armonk, New York: IBM Corporation.

International Society for the Study of Self-Injury. (2018). About self-injury. https://itriples.org/category/about-self-injury

Johnson, V. K., Gans, S. E., Kerr, S., & LaValle, W. (2010). Managing the transition to college: Family functioning, emotion coping, and adjustment in emerging adulthood. Journal of College Student Development, 51(6), 607–621. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2010.0022.CrossRef

Kelada, L., Hasking, P., & Melvin, G. (2018). Adolescent NSSI and recovery: The role of family functioning and emotion regulation. Youth & Society, 50(8), 1056–1077. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X16653153.CrossRef

Kiekens, G., Hasking, P., Claes, L., Boyes, M., Mortier, P., Auerbach, R., & Bruffaerts, R. (2019). Predicting the incidence of non-suicidal self-injury in college students. European Psychiatry, 59, 44–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.04.002.CrossRefPubMed

Kiekens, G., Hasking, P., Claes, L., Mortier, P., Auerbach, R. P., Boyes, M. E., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Green, J. G., Kessler, R. C., Nock, M. K., & Bruffaerts, R. (2018). The DSM-5 Non-suicidal self-injury disorder among incoming college students: Prevalence and associations with 12-month mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Depression and Anxiety, 35(7), 629–637. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22754.CrossRefPubMed

Kiekens, G., Hasking, P., Bruffaerts, R., Alonso, J., Auerbach, R., Bantjes, J.,… Kessler, R. (in press). Non-suicidal self-injury among first-year college students and its association with mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative. Psychological Medicine, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721002245

Klonsky, E. D., & Glenn, C. R. (2009). Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Psychometricproperties of the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 31(3), 215–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191111411669.CrossRefPubMed

Lagdon, S., Ross, J., Robinson, M., Contractor, A. A., Charak, R., & Armour, C. (2021). Assessing the mediating role of social support in childhood maltreatment and psychopathology among college students in Northern Ireland. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(3-4), NP2112–2136NP https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518755489.CrossRefPubMed

Lidy, K. M., & Kahn, J. H. (2006). Personality as a predictor of first‐semester adjustment to college: The mediational role of perceived social support. Journal of College Counseling, 9(2), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2006.tb00099.x.CrossRef

Liu, Q., Jiang, M., Li, S., & Yang, Y. (2021). Social support, resilience, and self-esteem protect against common mental health problems in early adolescence: A nonrecursive analysis from a two-year longitudinal study. Medicine, 100(4), e24334–e24334. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000024334.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lynch, T. R., Trost, W. T., Salsman, N., & Linehan, M. M. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 3, 181–205. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095229.CrossRefPubMed

Mattanah, J. F., Ayers, J. F., Brand, B. L., Brooks, L. J., Quimby, J. L., & McNary, S. W. (2010). A social support intervention to ease the college transition: Exploring main effects and moderators. Journal of College Student Development, 51(1), 93–108. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.0.0116.CrossRef

McGowan, P. O., Sasaki, A., D’alessio, A. C., Dymov, S., Labonté, B., Szyf, M., & Meaney, M. J. (2009). Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse. Nature Neuroscience, 12(3), 342–348. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2270.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Midkiff, M. F., Lindsey, C. R., & Meadows, E. A. (2018). The role of coping self-efficacy in emotion regulation and frequency of NSSI in young adult college students. Cogent Psychology, 5(1), 1520437 https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2018.1520437.CrossRef

Miller, I. W., Epstein, N. B., Bishop, D. S., & Keitner, G. I. (1985). The McMaster Family Assessment Device: Reliability and validity. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 11(4), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.1985.tb00028.x.CrossRef

Miu, A.C., Szentágotai-Tătar, A., Balazsi, R., Nechita, D., Bunea, I., & Pollak, S.D. (2022). Emotion regulation as mediator between childhood adversity and psychopathology: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 102141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102141

Nock, M. K. (2009). Why do people hurt themselves? New insights into the nature and functions of self-injury. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(2), 78–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01613.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Perez, J., Venta, A., Garnaat, S., & Sharp, C. (2012). The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Factor structure and association with nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescent inpatients. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 34(3), 393–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-012-9292-7.CrossRef

Perry, B. D. (2009). Examining child maltreatment through a neurodevelopmental lens: Clinical applications of the neurosequential model of therapeutics. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 14(4), 240–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325020903004350.CrossRef

Prinstein, M. J., Heilbron, N., Guerry, J. D., Franklin, J. C., Rancourt, D., Simon, V., & Spirito, A. (2010). Peer influence and nonsuicidal self injury: Longitudinal results in community and clinically-referred adolescent samples. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38(5), 669–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9423-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Rodriguez-Blanco, L., Carballo, J. J., & Baca-Garcia, E. (2018). Use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI): A systematic review. Psychiatry Research, 263, 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.02.051.CrossRefPubMed

Schore, A. N. (2001). Effects of a secure attachment relationship on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health. Infant Mental Health Journal: Official Publication of The World Association for Infant Mental Health, 22(1‐2), 7–66. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22:1<7::AID-IMHJ2>3.0.CO;2-N.CrossRef

Sianko, N., & McDonell, J. R. (2020). Is family functioning stable and consistent over time and stakeholders? A comparison of adolescents’ and caregivers’ views. Children and Youth Services Review, 113, 104996 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104996.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Silva, E., Machado, B. C., Moreira, C. S., Ramalho, S., & Gonçalves, S. (2017). Romantic relationships and nonsuicidal self-injury among college students: The mediating role of emotion regulation. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 50, 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2017.04.001.CrossRef

Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001). Adolescent development. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 83–110. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.83.CrossRefPubMed

Swannell, S. V., Martin, G. E., Page, A., Hasking, P., & St John, N. J. (2014). Prevalence of nonsuicidal self‐injury in nonclinical samples: Systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 44(3), 273–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12070.CrossRefPubMed

Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. (6th ed.). Pearson.

Tatnell, R., Kelada, L., Hasking, P., & Martin, G. (2014). Longitudinal analysis of adolescent NSSI: The role of intrapersonal and interpersonal factors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(6), 885–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9837-6.CrossRefPubMed

Taylor, P. J., Jomar, K., Dhingra, K., Forrester, R., Shahmalak, U., & Dickson, J. M. (2018). A meta-analysis of the prevalence of different functions of non-suicidal self-injury. Journal of Affective Disorders, 227, 759–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.073.CrossRefPubMed

Thomas, A.L., & Brausch, A.M. (2020). Family and peer support moderates the relationship between distress tolerance and suicide risk in black college students. Journal of American College Health, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1786096

Trujillo, N. P., & Servaty-Seib, H. (2018). Parental absence and non-suicidal self-injury: Social support, social constraints and sense-making. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(5), 1449–1459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0976-1.CrossRef

Turner, B. J., Chapman, A. L., & Layden, B. K. (2012). Intrapersonal and interpersonal functions of non suicidal self‐injury: Associations with emotional and social functioning. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 42(1), 36–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1943-278X.2011.00069.x.CrossRefPubMed

Turner, B. J., Cobb, R. J., Gratz, K. L., & Chapman, A. L. (2016). The role of interpersonal conflict and perceived social support in nonsuicidal self-injury in daily life. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(4), 588 https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000141.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Urano, Y., & Ikeda, T. (2020). Perceived social support moderates the association between emotion regulation and psychological distress: A cross-sectional study among Japanese adults. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1802051

de la Vega, R., Molton, I. R., Miró, J., Smith, A. E., & Jensen, M. P. (2019). Changes in perceived social support predict changes in depressive symptoms in adults with physical disability. Disability and Health Journal, 12(2), 214–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.09.00.CrossRefPubMed

Victor, S. E., Styer, D., & Washburn, J. J. (2016). Functions of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI): Cross-sectional associations with NSSI duration and longitudinal changes over time and following treatment. Psychiatry Research, 241, 83–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.083.CrossRefPubMed

Victor, S. E., Hipwell, A. E., Stepp, S. D., & Scott, L. N. (2019). Parent and peer relationships as longitudinal predictors of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury onset. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 13(1), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-018-0261-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wester, K. L., & Trepal, H. C. (2015). Non-suicidal self-injury: Exploring the correlations among race, ethnic identity, and ethnic belonging. Journal of College Student Development, 56, 127–139.CrossRef

Whitlock, J., Prussien, K., & Pietrusza, C. (2015). Predictors of self-injury cessation and subsequent psychological growth: Results of a probability sample survey of students in eight universities and colleges. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 9(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-015-0048-5.CrossRef

Whitlock, J., Muehlenkamp, J., Eckenrode, J., Purington, A., Baral Abrams, G., Barreira, P., & Kress, V. (2013). Nonsuicidal self-injury as a gateway to suicide in young adults. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(4), 486–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.09.010.CrossRef

Wilcox, P., Winn, S., & Fyvie‐Gauld, M. (2005). ‘It was nothing to do with the university, it was just the people’: The role of social support in the first‐year experience of higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 30(6), 707–722. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070500340036.CrossRef

Wolff, J. C., Thompson, E., Thomas, S. A., Nesi, J., Bettis, A. H., Ransford, B., & Liu, R. T. (2019). Emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Psychiatry, 59, 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.004.CrossRefPubMed

Wymbs, N. F., Orr, C., Albaugh, M. D., Althoff, R. R., O’Loughlin, K., Holbrook, H., & Kaufman, J. (2020). Social supports moderate the effects of child adversity on neural correlates of threat processing. Child Abuse & Neglect, 102, 104413 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104413.CrossRef

Zahniser, E., & Conley, C. S. (2018). Interactions of emotion regulation and perceived stress in predicting emerging adults’ subsequent internalizing symptoms. Motivation and Emotion, 42(5), 763–773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9696-0.CrossRef

Zaki, J., & Williams, W. C. (2013). Interpersonal emotion regulation. Emotion, 13(5), 803 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033839.CrossRefPubMed

Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2.CrossRef

Titel: Associations between Family Functioning, Emotion Regulation, Social Support, and Self-injury among Emerging Adult University Students
Auteurs: Mark E. Boyes
Mechelle A. Mah
Penelope Hasking
Publicatiedatum: 05-01-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 3/2023
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02516-6

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2023

Challenging Parenting Behaviour and Anxiety Disorders in Emerging Adulthood

Emotion Regulation among Parents Raising a Child with Disability: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Model

Mothers’ Perceptions of the Sibling Relationship When One Child has Autism Spectrum Disorder

Family Experiences with the Autism Developmental Evaluation Process: Perspectives of Immigrant and US-Born Mothers

Experiences of Parents of Children with ASD: Implications for Inclusive Parental Engagement

Perspectives of Autistic Emerging Adults, Parents, and Practitioners on the Transition to Adulthood