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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 10/2007

01-11-2007 | Letter to the Editor

Asperger (1906–1980) and Kanner (1894–1981), the two pioneers of autism

Auteurs: Viktoria Lyons, Michael Fitzgerald

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 10/2007

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Excerpt

More than 60 years ago, two very similar descriptions of children displaying severe social deficits and unusual behaviours were published, one in English, one in German, both using the term ‘autistic’. Leo Kanner (1943) in Baltimore, USA, described 11 children with ‘early infantile autism’ in his seminal paper ‘Autistic disturbances of affective contact’. In the same year, October 1943, Hans Asperger, in Vienna, Austria, submitted his thesis on ‘Autistic psychopathy in childhood’, which was published in 1944, describing four children with ‘autistic psychopathy’. Both authors used the term ‘autistic’ which was coined by Bleuler, a Swiss psychiatrist, who used this label to describe the characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia. However, only Asperger acknowledged the fact that he had adopted Bleuler’s terminology in his doctoral thesis, whereas no references to Bleuler are evident in Kanner’s paper as highlighted by Schirmer (2002). …
Literatuur
go back to reference Asperger, H. (1938). Das psychisch abnormale Kind. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 51, 1314–1317. Asperger, H. (1938). Das psychisch abnormale Kind. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 51, 1314–1317.
go back to reference Asperger, H. (1944). Die “Autistischen Psychopathen” im Kindesalter. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 117, 76–136.CrossRef Asperger, H. (1944). Die “Autistischen Psychopathen” im Kindesalter. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 117, 76–136.CrossRef
go back to reference Asperger, H. (1974). Frühkindlicher Autismus. Medizinische Klinik, 69(49), 2024–2027.PubMed Asperger, H. (1974). Frühkindlicher Autismus. Medizinische Klinik, 69(49), 2024–2027.PubMed
go back to reference Asperger-Felder, M. (2000). Foreword (xi–xiii). In A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger Syndrome. New York: The Guilford Press. Asperger-Felder, M. (2000). Foreword (xi–xiii). In A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger Syndrome. New York: The Guilford Press.
go back to reference Frith, U. (Eds.) (1991). Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Frith, U. (Eds.) (1991). Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–253. Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–253.
go back to reference Wing, L. (1981). Asperger’s syndrome: A clinical account. Psychological Medicine, 11(1), 115–129.PubMedCrossRef Wing, L. (1981). Asperger’s syndrome: A clinical account. Psychological Medicine, 11(1), 115–129.PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Asperger (1906–1980) and Kanner (1894–1981), the two pioneers of autism
Auteurs
Viktoria Lyons
Michael Fitzgerald
Publicatiedatum
01-11-2007
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 10/2007
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0383-3

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