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09-06-2017

Applied Problem Solving in Children with ADHD: The Mediating Roles of Working Memory and Mathematical Calculation

Auteurs: Lauren M. Friedman, Mark D. Rapport, Sarah A. Orban, Samuel J. Eckrich, Catrina A. Calub

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 3/2018

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Abstract

The difficulties children with ADHD experience solving applied math problems are well documented; however, the independent and/or interactive contributions of cognitive processes underlying these difficulties are not fully understood and warrant scrutiny. The current study examines two primary cognitive processes integral to children’s ability to solve applied math problems: working memory (WM) and math calculation skills (i.e., the ability to utilize specific facts, skills, or processes related to basic math operations stored in long-term memory). Thirty-six boys with ADHD-combined presentation and 33 typically developing (TD) boys aged 8–12 years old were administered multiple counterbalanced tasks to assess upper (central executive [CE]) and lower level (phonological [PH STM] and visuospatial [VS STM] short-term memory) WM processes, and standardized measures of mathematical abilities. Bias-corrected, bootstrapped mediation analyses revealed that CE ability fully mediated between-group differences in applied problem solving whereas math calculation ability partially mediated the relation. Neither PH STM nor VS STM was a significant mediator. When modeled together via serial mediation analysis, CE in tandem with math calculation ability fully mediated the relation, explained 79% of the variance, and provided a more parsimonious explication of applied mathematical problem solving differences among children with ADHD. Results suggest that interventions designed to address applied math difficulties in children with ADHD will likely benefit from targeting basic knowledge of math facts and skills while simultaneously promoting the active interplay of these skills with CE processes.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Applied Problem Solving in Children with ADHD: The Mediating Roles of Working Memory and Mathematical Calculation
Auteurs
Lauren M. Friedman
Mark D. Rapport
Sarah A. Orban
Samuel J. Eckrich
Catrina A. Calub
Publicatiedatum
09-06-2017
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 3/2018
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-017-0312-7