Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research 4/2013

01-08-2013 | Original Article

Anxious Self-Statements in Clinic-Referred U.S. and Norwegian Anxiety-Disordered Youth

Auteurs: Marianne A. Villabø, Martina K. Gere, Svenn Torgersen, Kasper Arnberg, Simon-Peter Neumer, Philip C. Kendall

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 4/2013

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Examined the relationship between negative self-statements and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity and functional impairment in two studies of anxiety-disordered youth. Study 1 included 144 anxiety-disordered youth (7–13 years; 54.9 % male) from a university-based research clinic in the USA. Study 2 included 111 treatment-seeking youth (7–13 years; 58.6 % male) from Norwegian community clinics. Results from both studies indicated that total negative self-statements were associated with increased symptoms of anxiety and depression as per child-report. Content specific associations were observed for child-reported symptoms of anxiety but not depression. Associations between child-reported negative self-statements and mother-reported symptoms were mixed. In Study 1, total negative and anxious self-statements were associated with greater functional impairment. The role of negative self-statements in youth’s internalizing symptomatology and the clinical implications are discussed.
Literatuur
go back to reference Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms & profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families. Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms & profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Edn (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Edn (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev. ed.). Washington, DC: Author. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev. ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
go back to reference Angold, A. (1989). Structured assessments of psychopathology in children and adolescents. In C. Thompson (Ed.), The instruments of psychiatric research (pp. 271–303). Chichester: Wiley. Angold, A. (1989). Structured assessments of psychopathology in children and adolescents. In C. Thompson (Ed.), The instruments of psychiatric research (pp. 271–303). Chichester: Wiley.
go back to reference Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press. Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.
go back to reference Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1988). Anxiety and depression: An information processing perspective. Anxiety Research, 1, 23–36.CrossRef Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1988). Anxiety and depression: An information processing perspective. Anxiety Research, 1, 23–36.CrossRef
go back to reference Beck, A. T., Emery, G., & Greenberg, R. L. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books. Beck, A. T., Emery, G., & Greenberg, R. L. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books.
go back to reference Chorpita, B. F., Albano, A. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1998). The structure of negative emotions in a clinical sample of children and adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 74–85.PubMedCrossRef Chorpita, B. F., Albano, A. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1998). The structure of negative emotions in a clinical sample of children and adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 74–85.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Clark, D. A., & Beck, A. T. (1989). Cognitive theory and therapy of anxiety and depression. In P. C. Kendall & D. Watson (Eds.), Anxiety and depression: Distinct and overlapping features (pp. 379–411). San Diego: Academic Press. Clark, D. A., & Beck, A. T. (1989). Cognitive theory and therapy of anxiety and depression. In P. C. Kendall & D. Watson (Eds.), Anxiety and depression: Distinct and overlapping features (pp. 379–411). San Diego: Academic Press.
go back to reference Comer, J. S., & Kendall, P. C. (2005). High-end specificity of the children’s depression inventory in a sample of anxiety-disordered youth. Depression and Anxiety, 22, 11–19. doi:10.1002/da.20059.PubMedCrossRef Comer, J. S., & Kendall, P. C. (2005). High-end specificity of the children’s depression inventory in a sample of anxiety-disordered youth. Depression and Anxiety, 22, 11–19. doi:10.​1002/​da.​20059.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Craske, M. G. (2003). Origins of phobias and anxiety disorder: Why more women than men?. Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd. Craske, M. G. (2003). Origins of phobias and anxiety disorder: Why more women than men?. Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd.
go back to reference Davis, T. E, III, & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). Empirically supported treatments for specific phobia in children: do efficacious treatments address the components of a phobic response? Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 12(2), 144–160.CrossRef Davis, T. E, III, & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). Empirically supported treatments for specific phobia in children: do efficacious treatments address the components of a phobic response? Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 12(2), 144–160.CrossRef
go back to reference Dierker, L. C., Albano, A. M., Clark, G. N., Heimberg, R. G., Kendall, P. C., Merikangas, K. R., et al. (2001). Screening for anxiety and depression in early adolesence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 929–936. doi:10.1097/00004583-200108000-00015.PubMedCrossRef Dierker, L. C., Albano, A. M., Clark, G. N., Heimberg, R. G., Kendall, P. C., Merikangas, K. R., et al. (2001). Screening for anxiety and depression in early adolesence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 929–936. doi:10.​1097/​00004583-200108000-00015.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ehrenreich-May, J., Southam-Gerow, M. A., Hourigan, S. E., Wright, L. R., Pincus, D. B., & Weisz, J. R. (2011). Characteristics of anxious and depressed youth seen in two different clinical contexts. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 38, 398–411. doi:10.1007/s10488-010-0328-6.PubMedCrossRef Ehrenreich-May, J., Southam-Gerow, M. A., Hourigan, S. E., Wright, L. R., Pincus, D. B., & Weisz, J. R. (2011). Characteristics of anxious and depressed youth seen in two different clinical contexts. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 38, 398–411. doi:10.​1007/​s10488-010-0328-6.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Epkins, C. C. (1996). Cognitive specificity and affective confounding in social anxiety and dysphoria in children. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 18(1), 83–101.CrossRef Epkins, C. C. (1996). Cognitive specificity and affective confounding in social anxiety and dysphoria in children. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 18(1), 83–101.CrossRef
go back to reference Garber, J., Weiss, B., & Shanley, N. (1993). Cognitions, depressive symptoms, and development in adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102(1), 47–57.PubMedCrossRef Garber, J., Weiss, B., & Shanley, N. (1993). Cognitions, depressive symptoms, and development in adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102(1), 47–57.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hanssen-Bauer, K., Aalen, O., Ruud, T., & Heyerdahl, S. (2007). Inter-rater reliability of clinician-rated outcome measures in child and adolescent mental health services. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 34, 504–512. doi:10.1007/s10488-007-0134-y.PubMedCrossRef Hanssen-Bauer, K., Aalen, O., Ruud, T., & Heyerdahl, S. (2007). Inter-rater reliability of clinician-rated outcome measures in child and adolescent mental health services. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 34, 504–512. doi:10.​1007/​s10488-007-0134-y.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jarrett, M. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2008). A conceptual review of the comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety: Implications for future research and practice. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(7), 1266–1280. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.05.004.PubMedCrossRef Jarrett, M. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2008). A conceptual review of the comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety: Implications for future research and practice. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(7), 1266–1280. doi:10.​1016/​j.​cpr.​2008.​05.​004.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jolly, J. B., & Dykman, R. A. (1994). Using self-report data to differentiate anxious and depressive symptoms in adoelscents: Cognitive content specificity and global distress? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18(1), 25–37.CrossRef Jolly, J. B., & Dykman, R. A. (1994). Using self-report data to differentiate anxious and depressive symptoms in adoelscents: Cognitive content specificity and global distress? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18(1), 25–37.CrossRef
go back to reference Kaufman, N. K., Rohde, P., Seeley, J. R., Clarke, G. N., & Stice, E. (2005). Potential mediators of cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with comorbid depression and conduct disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 38–46. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.1.38. Kaufman, N. K., Rohde, P., Seeley, J. R., Clarke, G. N., & Stice, E. (2005). Potential mediators of cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with comorbid depression and conduct disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 38–46. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006x.​73.​1.​38.
go back to reference Kendall, P. C. (1994). Treating anxiety disorders in children: results of a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(1), 100–110.PubMedCrossRef Kendall, P. C. (1994). Treating anxiety disorders in children: results of a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(1), 100–110.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kendall, P. C., Cantwell, D., & Kazdin, A. E. (1989). Depression in children and adolescents: Assessment issues and recommendations. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13, 109–146.CrossRef Kendall, P. C., Cantwell, D., & Kazdin, A. E. (1989). Depression in children and adolescents: Assessment issues and recommendations. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13, 109–146.CrossRef
go back to reference Kendall, P. C., Hudson, J. L., Gosch, E., Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Suveg, C. (2008). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disordered youth: A randomized clinical trial evaluating child and family modalities. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(2), 282–297. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.76.2.282.PubMedCrossRef Kendall, P. C., Hudson, J. L., Gosch, E., Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Suveg, C. (2008). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disordered youth: A randomized clinical trial evaluating child and family modalities. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(2), 282–297. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006X.​76.​2.​282.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kendall, P. C., & Ingram, R. E. (1989). Cogntive-behavioral perspecitves: Theory and research on depression and anxiety. In P. C. Kendall & D. Watson (Eds.), Anxiety and depression: Distinctive and overlapping features (pp. 27–53). San Diego: Academic Press. Kendall, P. C., & Ingram, R. E. (1989). Cogntive-behavioral perspecitves: Theory and research on depression and anxiety. In P. C. Kendall & D. Watson (Eds.), Anxiety and depression: Distinctive and overlapping features (pp. 27–53). San Diego: Academic Press.
go back to reference Kendall, P. C., & Treadwell, K. R. (2007). The role of self-statements as a mediator in treatment for youth with anxiety disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(3), 380–389.PubMedCrossRef Kendall, P. C., & Treadwell, K. R. (2007). The role of self-statements as a mediator in treatment for youth with anxiety disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(3), 380–389.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kovacs, M. (1992). Children’s depression inventory manual. New York: Multi-Health Systems. Kovacs, M. (1992). Children’s depression inventory manual. New York: Multi-Health Systems.
go back to reference Lerner, J., Safren, S. A., Henin, A., Warman, M., Heimberg, R. G., & Kendall, P. C. (1999). Differentiating anxious and depressive self-statements in youth: factor structure of the negative affect self-statement questionnaire among youth referred to an anxiety disorders clinic. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 28(1), 82–93.PubMedCrossRef Lerner, J., Safren, S. A., Henin, A., Warman, M., Heimberg, R. G., & Kendall, P. C. (1999). Differentiating anxious and depressive self-statements in youth: factor structure of the negative affect self-statement questionnaire among youth referred to an anxiety disorders clinic. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 28(1), 82–93.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference March, J. S., Parker, J. D., Sullivan, K., Stallings, P., & Conners, C. K. (1997). The multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(4), 554–565. doi:10.1097/00004583-199704000-00019.PubMedCrossRef March, J. S., Parker, J. D., Sullivan, K., Stallings, P., & Conners, C. K. (1997). The multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(4), 554–565. doi:10.​1097/​00004583-199704000-00019.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ollendick, T. H., & King, N. J. (2012). Evidence-baced treatments for children and adolescents: Issues and commentary. In P. C. Kendall (Ed.), Child and adolescent therapy (Vol. 4, pp. 499–519). New York: Guilford Publications. Ollendick, T. H., & King, N. J. (2012). Evidence-baced treatments for children and adolescents: Issues and commentary. In P. C. Kendall (Ed.), Child and adolescent therapy (Vol. 4, pp. 499–519). New York: Guilford Publications.
go back to reference Pellegrino, J. F., Singh, N. N., & Carmanico, S. J. (1999). Concordance among three diagnostic procedures for identifying depression in children and adolescents with EBD. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 7, 118–127. doi:10.1177/106342669900700207.CrossRef Pellegrino, J. F., Singh, N. N., & Carmanico, S. J. (1999). Concordance among three diagnostic procedures for identifying depression in children and adolescents with EBD. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 7, 118–127. doi:10.​1177/​1063426699007002​07.CrossRef
go back to reference Reddy, L. A., & Hale, J. B. (2007). Inattentiveness. In A. R. Eisen (Ed.), Clinical handbook of childhood behavioral problems (pp. 156–211). New York: Guilford Press. Reddy, L. A., & Hale, J. B. (2007). Inattentiveness. In A. R. Eisen (Ed.), Clinical handbook of childhood behavioral problems (pp. 156–211). New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Rescorla, L., Achenbach, T. M., Ivanova, M. Y., Dumenci, L., Almqvist, F., Bilenberg, N., et al. (2007). Epidemiological comparisons of problems and positive qualities reported by adolescents in 24 countries. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(2), 351–358. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.75.2.351.PubMedCrossRef Rescorla, L., Achenbach, T. M., Ivanova, M. Y., Dumenci, L., Almqvist, F., Bilenberg, N., et al. (2007). Epidemiological comparisons of problems and positive qualities reported by adolescents in 24 countries. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(2), 351–358. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006x.​75.​2.​351.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ronan, K. R., Kendall, P. C., & Rowe, M. (1994). Negative affectivity in children: Development and validation of a self-statement questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 509–528. doi:10.1007/BF02355666.CrossRef Ronan, K. R., Kendall, P. C., & Rowe, M. (1994). Negative affectivity in children: Development and validation of a self-statement questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 509–528. doi:10.​1007/​BF02355666.CrossRef
go back to reference Schniering, C. A., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). The relationship between automatic thoughts and negative emotions in children and adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(3), 464–470. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.113.3.464.PubMedCrossRef Schniering, C. A., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). The relationship between automatic thoughts and negative emotions in children and adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(3), 464–470. doi:10.​1037/​0021-843X.​113.​3.​464.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Shaffer, D., Gould, M. S., Brasic, J., Ambrosini, P., Fisher, P., Bird, H., et al. (1985). A children’s global assessment scale (CGAS) (for children 4 to 16 years of age). Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 21(4), 747–748. Shaffer, D., Gould, M. S., Brasic, J., Ambrosini, P., Fisher, P., Bird, H., et al. (1985). A children’s global assessment scale (CGAS) (for children 4 to 16 years of age). Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 21(4), 747–748.
go back to reference Silverman, W. K., & Albano, A. M. (1996). Anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: Child version. San Antonio: The Psychologial Corporation/Graywind Publications. Silverman, W. K., & Albano, A. M. (1996). Anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: Child version. San Antonio: The Psychologial Corporation/Graywind Publications.
go back to reference Silverman, W. K., Pina, A. A., & Viswesvara, C. (2008). Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37, 105–130. doi:10.1080/15374410701817907.PubMedCrossRef Silverman, W. K., Pina, A. A., & Viswesvara, C. (2008). Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37, 105–130. doi:10.​1080/​1537441070181790​7.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sood, E. D., & Kendall, P. C. (2007). Assessing anxious self-talk in youth: The negative affectivity self-statement questionnaire-anxiety scale. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31, 603–618.CrossRef Sood, E. D., & Kendall, P. C. (2007). Assessing anxious self-talk in youth: The negative affectivity self-statement questionnaire-anxiety scale. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31, 603–618.CrossRef
go back to reference Southam-Gerow, M. A., Weisz, J. R., & Kendall, P. C. (2003). Youth with anxiety disorders in research and service clinics: examining client differences and similarities. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 375–385. doi:10.1207/S15374424JCCP3203_06.PubMedCrossRef Southam-Gerow, M. A., Weisz, J. R., & Kendall, P. C. (2003). Youth with anxiety disorders in research and service clinics: examining client differences and similarities. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 375–385. doi:10.​1207/​S15374424JCCP320​3_​06.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sund, A. M., Larsson, B., & Wichstrom, L. (2001). Depressive symptoms among young Norwegian adolescents as measured by the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 10(4), 222–229.PubMedCrossRef Sund, A. M., Larsson, B., & Wichstrom, L. (2001). Depressive symptoms among young Norwegian adolescents as measured by the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 10(4), 222–229.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681–706). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681–706). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
go back to reference Treadwell, K. R., & Kendall, P. C. (1996). Self-talk in youth with anxiety disorders: states of mind, content specificity, and treatment outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(5), 941–950.PubMedCrossRef Treadwell, K. R., & Kendall, P. C. (1996). Self-talk in youth with anxiety disorders: states of mind, content specificity, and treatment outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(5), 941–950.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Villabø, M. A., Gere, M. K., Torgersen, S., March, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2012). Diagnostic utility of the child and parent versions of the multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC). Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 41, 1–11. doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.632350.CrossRef Villabø, M. A., Gere, M. K., Torgersen, S., March, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2012). Diagnostic utility of the child and parent versions of the multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC). Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 41, 1–11. doi:10.​1080/​15374416.​2012.​632350.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Anxious Self-Statements in Clinic-Referred U.S. and Norwegian Anxiety-Disordered Youth
Auteurs
Marianne A. Villabø
Martina K. Gere
Svenn Torgersen
Kasper Arnberg
Simon-Peter Neumer
Philip C. Kendall
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2013
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 4/2013
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-013-9530-7

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2013

Cognitive Therapy and Research 4/2013 Naar de uitgave