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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 3/2009

01-09-2009

An Examination of the Glover Numbing Scale: Expanding the Content Validity of Posttraumatic Numbing

Auteurs: Joshua D. Clapp, J. Gayle Beck

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2009

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Abstract

Quantification of posttraumatic numbing (PTN) has largely been limited to the assessment of a small number of items taken directly from the DSM. The current study takes steps to expand the content validity of PTN through examination of the Glover Numbing Scale (GNS), one of the few available measures specific to PTN. Specifically, the factor structure of the GNS and its convergence with DSM-based indices of PTN were examined in a sample of motor vehicle accident survivors (MVA; N = 288). Whereas the 5-factor structure originally proposed by Glover et al. Anxiety 1:70–79 (1994) evidenced a poor fit to the sample data, exploratory analysis suggested a 1-factor structure underlying data collected from the sample. Furthermore, GNS scores derived from this solution evidenced a strong convergent relationship with DSM-based PTN. These data suggest that alternative indicators contained within the GNS may be used to expand current conceptualizations of PTN.
Voetnoten
1
Supplementary analyses were conducted retaining the 12 cases identified as multivariate outliers. The observed factor structure of the GNS and its relationship with DSM symptom clusters in these analyses were functionally identical to those presented.
 
2
Although these data strongly suggested a 1-factor solution, parallel analysis of these data suggested that extraction of two factors may be considered. As such, a 2-factor solution also was explored. Approximately 75% of items evidenced substantial loadings on both factors in this 2-factor solution. Furthermore, interpretation of the indicators loading uniquely within this solution was problematic. The empirical and conceptual limitations of this 2-factor model offered additional support for the reported single-factor solution.
 
3
Items included: “When I get angry, I feel destructive,” “I think about revenge and getting even,” “When I get angry, I care who I might hurt,” “I feel pins and needles in my body,” and “My vision is clear.”
 
4
Based on the suggestions of a reviewer, supplementary analyses were conducted whereby the larger sample (N = 288) was randomly split into validation and cross-validation samples for the EFA (n = 144 each). Although reductions in samples size limit the power of these analyses, PCA of both samples suggested a single factor structure to the GNS. Item retention in one subsample was identical to that of the overall sample with only minor variations in the cross-validation sample.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
An Examination of the Glover Numbing Scale: Expanding the Content Validity of Posttraumatic Numbing
Auteurs
Joshua D. Clapp
J. Gayle Beck
Publicatiedatum
01-09-2009
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2009
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-008-9116-y

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