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14-05-2020 | Original Paper

Altered Autonomic Functions and Gut Microbiome in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Implications for Assisting ASD Screening and Diagnosis

Auteurs: Xuejun Kong, Jun Liu, Kevin Liu, Madelyn Koh, Ruiyi Tian, Clara Hobbie, Michelle Fong, Qiuyi Chen, Minxuan Zhao, Christoph Budjan, Jian Kong

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 1/2021

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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological and developmental disorder, and a growing body of literature suggests the presence of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in individuals with ASD. ANS is part of the “gut brain axis”, which consists of an intricate interplay between the gut microbiome, mucosal immune system, enteric nervous system, ANS, and central processes receiving input from the vagus nerve. Measurements of the gut microbiome and the autonomic indices can serve as non-invasive markers of the status of the gut-brain axis in ASD. To our knowledge, no previous studies have explored the relationship between ANS and gut microbiome in individuals with ASD. Furthermore, while previous studies investigated the use of autonomic indices and gut microbiome independently as markers of ASD-related comorbidities, such as anxiety, cardiovascular issues, and gastrointestinal dysfunction, the use of combined autonomic indices and gut microbiome factors to classify ASD and control subjects has not been explored. In this study, we characterized autonomic function of a group of individuals with ASD in comparison to their paired, first-degree relative controls. Second, we explored the ASD gut-brain-axis through the relationship between gut microbiome markers and autonomic indices, as well as the correlation between the gut-brain-axis and clinical presentation of ASD. Lastly, this study explores the predictive capability of gut-brain-axis biomarkers (including autonomic and microbiome indices) in subtyping ASD cases, serving as a starting point to investigate the possibility of assisting in ASD screening and diagnosis that still heavily relies on psychological testing, which may be based on highly subjective standards.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Altered Autonomic Functions and Gut Microbiome in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Implications for Assisting ASD Screening and Diagnosis
Auteurs
Xuejun Kong
Jun Liu
Kevin Liu
Madelyn Koh
Ruiyi Tian
Clara Hobbie
Michelle Fong
Qiuyi Chen
Minxuan Zhao
Christoph Budjan
Jian Kong
Publicatiedatum
14-05-2020
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04524-1