Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development 4/2021

24-08-2020 | Original Article

Adolescent Posttraumatic Growth: A Review

Auteurs: Jennifer Harmon, Amanda Venta

Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development | Uitgave 4/2021

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Existing literature on posttraumatic growth following adverse experiences has questioned adolescent capacity to experience such growth given immature cognitive and affective development. The aim of this review was to conduct the first review of the literature regarding post-traumatic growth among adolescents (ages 12–18) to determine whether there is empirical evidence of adolescent post-traumatic growth. Results of the review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, are reported to (1) summarize existing support for adolescent post-traumatic growth within available empirical literature, (2) discuss potential moderators of adolescent post-traumatic growth occurrence, and (3) review existing measures of post-traumatic growth. Evidence of adolescent post-traumatic growth was found within three studies with correlational designs and two studies with longitudinal designs. The majority of the literature regarding adolescent post-traumatic growth provides initial support in the form of correlational evidence; however, such support is difficult to empirically establish given the lack of longitudinal studies in this area. Critiques of the extant research and areas for future research are discussed.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (2006) Handbook of posttraumatic growth: research & practice. Erlbaum, Mahwah Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (2006) Handbook of posttraumatic growth: research & practice. Erlbaum, Mahwah
2.
go back to reference Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (1996) The posttraumatic growth inventory: measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress 9:455–547PubMedCrossRef Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (1996) The posttraumatic growth inventory: measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress 9:455–547PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Affleck G, Tennen H (1996) Construing benefits from adversity: adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings. J Pers 64(4):899–922PubMedCrossRef Affleck G, Tennen H (1996) Construing benefits from adversity: adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings. J Pers 64(4):899–922PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Joseph S (2011) What doesn’t kill us: a guide to overcoming adversity and moving forward. Piatkus, London Joseph S (2011) What doesn’t kill us: a guide to overcoming adversity and moving forward. Piatkus, London
5.
go back to reference Jayawickreme E, Blackie LE (2014) Post-traumatic growth as positive personality change: evidence, controversies and future directions. Eur J Pers 28(4):312–331CrossRef Jayawickreme E, Blackie LE (2014) Post-traumatic growth as positive personality change: evidence, controversies and future directions. Eur J Pers 28(4):312–331CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Maercker A, Zoellner T (2004) The Janus face of self-perceived growth: toward a two-component model of posttraumatic growth. Psychol Inq 15(1):41–48 Maercker A, Zoellner T (2004) The Janus face of self-perceived growth: toward a two-component model of posttraumatic growth. Psychol Inq 15(1):41–48
7.
go back to reference Park CL, Cohen LH, Murch R (1996) Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth. J Pers 64:71–105CrossRefPubMed Park CL, Cohen LH, Murch R (1996) Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth. J Pers 64:71–105CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Abraido-Lanza AF, Guier C, Colon RM (1998) Psychological thriving among latinas with chronic illness. J Soc Issues 54:405–424CrossRef Abraido-Lanza AF, Guier C, Colon RM (1998) Psychological thriving among latinas with chronic illness. J Soc Issues 54:405–424CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Compas BE (1998) An agenda for coping research and theory: basic and applied developmental issues. Int J Behav Dev 22:231–237CrossRef Compas BE (1998) An agenda for coping research and theory: basic and applied developmental issues. Int J Behav Dev 22:231–237CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Milam E, Ritt-Olson A, Tan S, Unger J, Nezami E (2005) The September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks and reports of posttraumatic growth among a multi-ethnic sample of adolescents. Traumatology 11(4):233–246CrossRef Milam E, Ritt-Olson A, Tan S, Unger J, Nezami E (2005) The September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks and reports of posttraumatic growth among a multi-ethnic sample of adolescents. Traumatology 11(4):233–246CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Edwards VJ, Holden GW, Felitti VJ, Anda RF (2003) Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study. Am J Psychiatry 160:1453–1460PubMedCrossRef Edwards VJ, Holden GW, Felitti VJ, Anda RF (2003) Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study. Am J Psychiatry 160:1453–1460PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, Walker JD, Whitfield C, Perry BD, Dube SR, Giles WH (2006) The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 256(3):174–186PubMedCrossRef Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, Walker JD, Whitfield C, Perry BD, Dube SR, Giles WH (2006) The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 256(3):174–186PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Peterson C, Seligman MEP (2003) Character strengths before and after September 11th. Psychol Sci 14:381–384PubMedCrossRef Peterson C, Seligman MEP (2003) Character strengths before and after September 11th. Psychol Sci 14:381–384PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Helgeson VS, Reynolds KA, Tomich PL (2006) A meta-analytic review of benefit finding and growth. J Consult Clin Psychol 74(5):797–816CrossRefPubMed Helgeson VS, Reynolds KA, Tomich PL (2006) A meta-analytic review of benefit finding and growth. J Consult Clin Psychol 74(5):797–816CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Linley PA, Joseph S (2004) Positive change following trauma and adversity: a review. J Trauma Stress 17(1):11–21PubMedCrossRef Linley PA, Joseph S (2004) Positive change following trauma and adversity: a review. J Trauma Stress 17(1):11–21PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Sawyer A, Ayers A (2010) Posttraumatic growth and adjustment among individuals with cancer or HIV/AIDS: a meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 30(4):436–447PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sawyer A, Ayers A (2010) Posttraumatic growth and adjustment among individuals with cancer or HIV/AIDS: a meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 30(4):436–447PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Gibbons S, Murphy D, Joseph S (2011) Countertransference and positive growth in social workers. J Soc Work 25:17–30 Gibbons S, Murphy D, Joseph S (2011) Countertransference and positive growth in social workers. J Soc Work 25:17–30
18.
go back to reference Taku K (2014) Relationships among perceived psychological growth, resilience and burnout in physicians. Pers Individ Differ 59:120–123CrossRef Taku K (2014) Relationships among perceived psychological growth, resilience and burnout in physicians. Pers Individ Differ 59:120–123CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Bensimon M (2012) Elaboration on the association between trauma, PTSD and posttraumatic growth: the role of trait resilience. Pers Individ Differ 52(7):782–787CrossRef Bensimon M (2012) Elaboration on the association between trauma, PTSD and posttraumatic growth: the role of trait resilience. Pers Individ Differ 52(7):782–787CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Lepore SJ, Revenson TA (2006) Resilience and posttraumatic growth: recovery, resistance, and reconfiguration. In: Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (eds) Handbook of posttraumatic growth: research and practice. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New York, pp 24–46 Lepore SJ, Revenson TA (2006) Resilience and posttraumatic growth: recovery, resistance, and reconfiguration. In: Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (eds) Handbook of posttraumatic growth: research and practice. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New York, pp 24–46
21.
go back to reference Bonnanno GA (2004) Loss, trauma, and human resilience: have we underestimated the capacity to thrive after extremely adverse events? Am Psychol 59(1):20–28CrossRef Bonnanno GA (2004) Loss, trauma, and human resilience: have we underestimated the capacity to thrive after extremely adverse events? Am Psychol 59(1):20–28CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Clay R, Knibbs J, Joseph S (2009) Measurement of post-traumatic growth in young people: a review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 14:411–422PubMedCrossRef Clay R, Knibbs J, Joseph S (2009) Measurement of post-traumatic growth in young people: a review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 14:411–422PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Joseph S, Williams R, Yule W (1993) Changes in outlook following disaster: the preliminary development of a measure to assess positive and negative responses. J Trauma Stress 6:271–279CrossRef Joseph S, Williams R, Yule W (1993) Changes in outlook following disaster: the preliminary development of a measure to assess positive and negative responses. J Trauma Stress 6:271–279CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Evers AWM, Kraaimaat FW, Van Lankveld W, Jongen PJH et al (2001) Beyond unfavorable thinking: the illness questionnaire for chronic diseases. J Consult Clin Psychol 69:1026–1036PubMedCrossRef Evers AWM, Kraaimaat FW, Van Lankveld W, Jongen PJH et al (2001) Beyond unfavorable thinking: the illness questionnaire for chronic diseases. J Consult Clin Psychol 69:1026–1036PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference McMillen JC, Fisher RH (1998) The Perceived Benefit scales: measuring perceived positive life changes after negative events. Soc Work 22:173–187CrossRef McMillen JC, Fisher RH (1998) The Perceived Benefit scales: measuring perceived positive life changes after negative events. Soc Work 22:173–187CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Joseph S, Maltby J, Wood AM, Stockton H, Hunt N, Regel S (2012) The Psychological Well-Being-Post-Traumatic Changes Questionnaire (PWB-PTCQ): reliability and validity. Psychol Trauma 4(4):420–428CrossRef Joseph S, Maltby J, Wood AM, Stockton H, Hunt N, Regel S (2012) The Psychological Well-Being-Post-Traumatic Changes Questionnaire (PWB-PTCQ): reliability and validity. Psychol Trauma 4(4):420–428CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Sodergren SC, Hyland ME (2000) What are the positive consequences of illness? Psychol Health 15:85–97CrossRef Sodergren SC, Hyland ME (2000) What are the positive consequences of illness? Psychol Health 15:85–97CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Robitschek C, Ashton MW, Spering CC, Geiger N, Byers D, Schotts GC, Thoen MA (2012) Development and psychometric evaluation of the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II. J Couns Psychol 59(2):274–287PubMedCrossRef Robitschek C, Ashton MW, Spering CC, Geiger N, Byers D, Schotts GC, Thoen MA (2012) Development and psychometric evaluation of the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II. J Couns Psychol 59(2):274–287PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Tomich PL, Helgeson VS (2004) Is finding something good in the bad always good? Benefit finding among women with breast cancer. Health Psychol 23(1):16–23CrossRefPubMed Tomich PL, Helgeson VS (2004) Is finding something good in the bad always good? Benefit finding among women with breast cancer. Health Psychol 23(1):16–23CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Zang Y, Hunt NC, Cox T, Joseph S (2012) Short form of the changes in outlook questionnaire: translation and validation of the Chinese version. Health Qual Life Outcomes 10:41PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zang Y, Hunt NC, Cox T, Joseph S (2012) Short form of the changes in outlook questionnaire: translation and validation of the Chinese version. Health Qual Life Outcomes 10:41PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Sint Nicolaas SM, Schepers SA, van den Bergh EMM, Evers AWM, Hoogerbrugge PM, Grootenhuis MA, Verhaak CM (2015) Illness cognitions and family adjustment: psychometric properties of the illness cognition questionnaire for parents of a child with cancer. Support Care Cancer 24:529–537PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sint Nicolaas SM, Schepers SA, van den Bergh EMM, Evers AWM, Hoogerbrugge PM, Grootenhuis MA, Verhaak CM (2015) Illness cognitions and family adjustment: psychometric properties of the illness cognition questionnaire for parents of a child with cancer. Support Care Cancer 24:529–537PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (1996) The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress 9(3):455–472PubMedCrossRef Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (1996) The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress 9(3):455–472PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Milam JE, Ritt-Olson A, Unger J (2004) Posttraumatic growth among adolescents. J Adolesc Res 19:192–204CrossRef Milam JE, Ritt-Olson A, Unger J (2004) Posttraumatic growth among adolescents. J Adolesc Res 19:192–204CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Kilmer RP, Gil-Rivas V, Tedeschi RG, Cann A, Calhoun LG, Buchanan T, Taku K (2009) Use of the revised Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for Children. J Trauma Stress 22(3):248–253PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kilmer RP, Gil-Rivas V, Tedeschi RG, Cann A, Calhoun LG, Buchanan T, Taku K (2009) Use of the revised Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for Children. J Trauma Stress 22(3):248–253PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Vaughn AA, Roesch SC, Aldridge AA (2008) Stress-related growth in racial/ethnic minority adolescents, measurement structure and validity. Educ Psychol Meas 69(1):131–145CrossRef Vaughn AA, Roesch SC, Aldridge AA (2008) Stress-related growth in racial/ethnic minority adolescents, measurement structure and validity. Educ Psychol Meas 69(1):131–145CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Bride OM, Dunwoody L, Lowe-Strong A, Kennedy SM (2008) Examining adversarial growth in illness: the factor structure of the Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ-38). Psychol Health 23(6):661–678PubMedCrossRef Bride OM, Dunwoody L, Lowe-Strong A, Kennedy SM (2008) Examining adversarial growth in illness: the factor structure of the Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ-38). Psychol Health 23(6):661–678PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Robitschek C, Ashton MW, Spering CC, Geiger N, Byers D, Schotts GC, Thoen MA (2012) Development and psychometric evaluation of the personal growth initiative scale-II. J Couns Psychol 2:274–287CrossRef Robitschek C, Ashton MW, Spering CC, Geiger N, Byers D, Schotts GC, Thoen MA (2012) Development and psychometric evaluation of the personal growth initiative scale-II. J Couns Psychol 2:274–287CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Phipps S, Long AM, Ogden J (2007) Benefit finding scale for children: preliminary findings from a childhood cancer population. J Pediatr Psychol 32(10):1264–1271PubMedCrossRef Phipps S, Long AM, Ogden J (2007) Benefit finding scale for children: preliminary findings from a childhood cancer population. J Pediatr Psychol 32(10):1264–1271PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Finkelhor D, Turner H, Shattuck A, Hamby S, Kraeke K (2015) Children’s exposure to violence, crime, and abuse: an update. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice, Rockville Finkelhor D, Turner H, Shattuck A, Hamby S, Kraeke K (2015) Children’s exposure to violence, crime, and abuse: an update. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice, Rockville
43.
go back to reference Stimmel MA, Cruise KR, Ford JD, Weiss RA (2014) Trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology, and aggression in male juvenile offenders. Psychol Trauma 6(2):184–191CrossRef Stimmel MA, Cruise KR, Ford JD, Weiss RA (2014) Trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology, and aggression in male juvenile offenders. Psychol Trauma 6(2):184–191CrossRef
44.
go back to reference Self-Brown S, Lai BS, Thompson JE, McGill T, Kelley ML (2013) Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories in Hurricane Katrina affected youth. J Affect Disord 147:198–204PubMedCrossRef Self-Brown S, Lai BS, Thompson JE, McGill T, Kelley ML (2013) Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories in Hurricane Katrina affected youth. J Affect Disord 147:198–204PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Buckner JC, Beardslee WR, Bassuk EL (2004) Exposure to violence and low-income children's mental health: direct, moderated, and mediated relations. Am J Orthopsychiatry 74:413–423PubMedCrossRef Buckner JC, Beardslee WR, Bassuk EL (2004) Exposure to violence and low-income children's mental health: direct, moderated, and mediated relations. Am J Orthopsychiatry 74:413–423PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Kessler RC (2002) National comorbidity survey, 1990–1992. Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Kessler RC (2002) National comorbidity survey, 1990–1992. Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
47.
go back to reference Kilpatrick DG, Ruggiero KJ, Acierno R, Saunders BE, Resnick HS, Best CL (2003) Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: Results from the National Survey of Adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 71:692–700PubMedCrossRef Kilpatrick DG, Ruggiero KJ, Acierno R, Saunders BE, Resnick HS, Best CL (2003) Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: Results from the National Survey of Adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 71:692–700PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Steinberg L (2005) Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends Cogn Sci 9(2):69–74PubMedCrossRef Steinberg L (2005) Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends Cogn Sci 9(2):69–74PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Steinberg L, Dahl R, Keating D, Kupfer DJ, Masten AS, Pine DS (2006) Psychopathology in adolescence: integrating affective neuroscience with the study of context: developmental neuroscience. In: Cicchetti D, Cohen D (eds) Developmental psychopathology: developmental neuroscience, vol 2, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 710–741 Steinberg L, Dahl R, Keating D, Kupfer DJ, Masten AS, Pine DS (2006) Psychopathology in adolescence: integrating affective neuroscience with the study of context: developmental neuroscience. In: Cicchetti D, Cohen D (eds) Developmental psychopathology: developmental neuroscience, vol 2, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 710–741
50.
go back to reference Rushton JL, Forcier M, Schectman RM (2002) Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in the national longitudinal study of adolescent health. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 4:199–205CrossRef Rushton JL, Forcier M, Schectman RM (2002) Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in the national longitudinal study of adolescent health. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 4:199–205CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Skowyra KR, Cocozza JJ (2006) Blueprint for change: a comprehensive model for the identification and treatment of youth with mental health needs in contact with the juvenile justice system. The National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice and Policy Research Associates Inc, Delmar Skowyra KR, Cocozza JJ (2006) Blueprint for change: a comprehensive model for the identification and treatment of youth with mental health needs in contact with the juvenile justice system. The National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice and Policy Research Associates Inc, Delmar
52.
go back to reference Nelson EE, Leibenluft E, McClure EB, Pine DS (2005) The social re-orientation of adolescence: a neuroscience perspective on the process and its relation to psychopathology. Psychol Med 35:163–174PubMedCrossRef Nelson EE, Leibenluft E, McClure EB, Pine DS (2005) The social re-orientation of adolescence: a neuroscience perspective on the process and its relation to psychopathology. Psychol Med 35:163–174PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Rapee RM, Spence SH (2004) The etiology of social phobia: empirical evidence and an initial model. Soc Phobia Soc Anxiety 24(7):737–767 Rapee RM, Spence SH (2004) The etiology of social phobia: empirical evidence and an initial model. Soc Phobia Soc Anxiety 24(7):737–767
54.
go back to reference O’Brien SF, Bierman KL (1988) Conception and perceived influence of peer groups- interviews with preadolescents and adolescents. Child Dev 59:1360–1365PubMedCrossRef O’Brien SF, Bierman KL (1988) Conception and perceived influence of peer groups- interviews with preadolescents and adolescents. Child Dev 59:1360–1365PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Steinberg L (1987) Impact of puberty of family relations: effects of pubertal timing. Dev Psychol 23:451–460CrossRef Steinberg L (1987) Impact of puberty of family relations: effects of pubertal timing. Dev Psychol 23:451–460CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Antonovsky A (1985) The life cycle, mental health and the sense of coherence. Isr J Psychiatry Relat 22(4):273–280 Antonovsky A (1985) The life cycle, mental health and the sense of coherence. Isr J Psychiatry Relat 22(4):273–280
57.
go back to reference Wu Z, Xu J, Sui Y (2016) Posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth coexistence and the risk factors in Wenchuan earthquake survivors. Psychiatry Res 237:49–54PubMedCrossRef Wu Z, Xu J, Sui Y (2016) Posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth coexistence and the risk factors in Wenchuan earthquake survivors. Psychiatry Res 237:49–54PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Johnson RJ, Hobfoll SE, Hall BJ, Canetti-Nisim D, Galea S, Palmieri PA (2007) Posttraumatic growth: action and reaction. Appl Psychol 56:428–436CrossRef Johnson RJ, Hobfoll SE, Hall BJ, Canetti-Nisim D, Galea S, Palmieri PA (2007) Posttraumatic growth: action and reaction. Appl Psychol 56:428–436CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Murphey D, Barry M, Vaughn B (2013) Positive mental health: Resilience. Child Trends 3:1–6 Murphey D, Barry M, Vaughn B (2013) Positive mental health: Resilience. Child Trends 3:1–6
60.
go back to reference Hampson SE, Friedman HS (2008) Personality and health: a lifespan perspective. In: John PO, Robins WR, Pervin AL (eds) Handbook of personality: theory and research, 3rd edn. Guilford Press, New York Hampson SE, Friedman HS (2008) Personality and health: a lifespan perspective. In: John PO, Robins WR, Pervin AL (eds) Handbook of personality: theory and research, 3rd edn. Guilford Press, New York
61.
go back to reference Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Br Med J 339:b2535CrossRef Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Br Med J 339:b2535CrossRef
62.
go back to reference Dahl RE (2004) Adolescent brain development: a period of vulnerabilities and opportunities. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1021(1):1–22PubMedCrossRef Dahl RE (2004) Adolescent brain development: a period of vulnerabilities and opportunities. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1021(1):1–22PubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Turner-Sack AM, Menna R, Setchell SR (2012) Posttraumatic growth, coping strategies, and psychological distress in adolescent survivors of cancer. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 29:70–79PubMedCrossRef Turner-Sack AM, Menna R, Setchell SR (2012) Posttraumatic growth, coping strategies, and psychological distress in adolescent survivors of cancer. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 29:70–79PubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference Vloet A, Simons M, Vloet TD, Sander M, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Konrad K (2014) Long-term symptoms and posttraumatic growth in traumatised adolescents: findings from a specialised outpatient clinic. J Trauma Stress 27:622–625PubMedCrossRef Vloet A, Simons M, Vloet TD, Sander M, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Konrad K (2014) Long-term symptoms and posttraumatic growth in traumatised adolescents: findings from a specialised outpatient clinic. J Trauma Stress 27:622–625PubMedCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Ickovics JR, Meade CS, Kershaw TS, Milan S, Lewis JB, Ethier KA (2006) Urban teens: trauma, posttraumatic growth, and emotional distress among female adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 74(5):841–851PubMedCrossRef Ickovics JR, Meade CS, Kershaw TS, Milan S, Lewis JB, Ethier KA (2006) Urban teens: trauma, posttraumatic growth, and emotional distress among female adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 74(5):841–851PubMedCrossRef
66.
go back to reference Gibb BE, Chelminski I, Zimmerman M (2007) Childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and diagnoses of depressive and anxiety disorders in adult psychiatric outpatients. Depress Anxiety 24:256–263PubMedCrossRef Gibb BE, Chelminski I, Zimmerman M (2007) Childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and diagnoses of depressive and anxiety disorders in adult psychiatric outpatients. Depress Anxiety 24:256–263PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Cryder CH, Kilmer RP, Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (2006) An exploratory study of posttraumatic growth in children following a natural disaster. Am J Orthopsychiatry 76:65–66PubMedCrossRef Cryder CH, Kilmer RP, Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (2006) An exploratory study of posttraumatic growth in children following a natural disaster. Am J Orthopsychiatry 76:65–66PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Ramos C, Leal I (2013) Posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of trauma: a literature review about related factors and application contexts. Am J Community Psychol 2:43–54 Ramos C, Leal I (2013) Posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of trauma: a literature review about related factors and application contexts. Am J Community Psychol 2:43–54
69.
go back to reference Kilmer RP (2006) Resilience and posttraumatic growth in children. In: Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (eds) Handbook of posttraumatic growth: research and practice. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, pp 264–288 Kilmer RP (2006) Resilience and posttraumatic growth in children. In: Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (eds) Handbook of posttraumatic growth: research and practice. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, pp 264–288
70.
go back to reference McElheran M, Briscoe-Smith A, Khaylis A, Gore-Felton C (2012) A conceptual model of post-traumatic growth among children and adolescents in the aftermath of sexual abuse. Couns Psychol Q 25(1):73–82CrossRef McElheran M, Briscoe-Smith A, Khaylis A, Gore-Felton C (2012) A conceptual model of post-traumatic growth among children and adolescents in the aftermath of sexual abuse. Couns Psychol Q 25(1):73–82CrossRef
71.
go back to reference Taylor SE, Brown JD (1988) Illusion and well-being: a social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychol Bull 103:193–210PubMedCrossRef Taylor SE, Brown JD (1988) Illusion and well-being: a social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychol Bull 103:193–210PubMedCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Strickland BR (1989) Internal-external control expectancies: from contingency to creativity. Am Psychol 44(1):1–12CrossRef Strickland BR (1989) Internal-external control expectancies: from contingency to creativity. Am Psychol 44(1):1–12CrossRef
73.
go back to reference Jieling C, Xinchun W (2017) Post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic growth among children and adolescents following an earthquake: a latent profile analysis. Child Adolesc Ment Health 22(1):23–29PubMedCrossRef Jieling C, Xinchun W (2017) Post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic growth among children and adolescents following an earthquake: a latent profile analysis. Child Adolesc Ment Health 22(1):23–29PubMedCrossRef
74.
go back to reference Kendler KS, Prescott CA, Myers J, Neale MC (2003) The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:929–937PubMedCrossRef Kendler KS, Prescott CA, Myers J, Neale MC (2003) The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:929–937PubMedCrossRef
75.
go back to reference Cohen JA, Berliner L, Mannarino A (2010) Trauma focused CBT for children with co-occurring trauma and behavior problems. Child Abuse Negl 34(4):215–224PubMedCrossRef Cohen JA, Berliner L, Mannarino A (2010) Trauma focused CBT for children with co-occurring trauma and behavior problems. Child Abuse Negl 34(4):215–224PubMedCrossRef
76.
go back to reference Green JG, McLaughlin KA, Alegria M, Costello EJ, Gruber MJ, Hoagwood K, Leaf PJ, Olin S, Sampson NA, Kessler RC (2013) School mental health resources and adolescent mental health service use. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 52(5):501–510CrossRef Green JG, McLaughlin KA, Alegria M, Costello EJ, Gruber MJ, Hoagwood K, Leaf PJ, Olin S, Sampson NA, Kessler RC (2013) School mental health resources and adolescent mental health service use. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 52(5):501–510CrossRef
77.
go back to reference Kataoka SH, Zhang L, Wells KB (2002) Unmet need for mental health care among US children: variation by ethnicity and insurance status. Am J Psychiatry 159(9):1548–1555PubMedCrossRef Kataoka SH, Zhang L, Wells KB (2002) Unmet need for mental health care among US children: variation by ethnicity and insurance status. Am J Psychiatry 159(9):1548–1555PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Adolescent Posttraumatic Growth: A Review
Auteurs
Jennifer Harmon
Amanda Venta
Publicatiedatum
24-08-2020
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Child Psychiatry & Human Development / Uitgave 4/2021
Print ISSN: 0009-398X
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3327
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-01047-9

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2021

Child Psychiatry & Human Development 4/2021 Naar de uitgave