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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

01-12-2007

ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents

Auteurs: José J. Bauermeister, Patrick E. Shrout, Rafael Ramírez, Milagros Bravo, Margarita Alegría, Alfonso Martínez-Taboas, Ligia Chávez, Maritza Rubio-Stipec, Pedro García, Julio C. Ribera, Glorisa Canino

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 6/2007

Abstract

Patterns of correlates, comorbidity and impairment associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and youth were examined in representative samples from the community and from treatment facilities serving medically indigent youth in Puerto Rico. Information from caretakers and youths was obtained using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, (version IV), measures of global impairment, and a battery of potential correlates. In the community (N = 1,896) and the treated samples (N = 763), 7.5 and 26.2% of the children, respectively, met criteria for DSM-IV ADHD in the previous year. Although the prevalence rates and degree of impairment differed, the general patterns of correlates, comorbidity and impairment were similar in both populations. The exceptions were associated with conduct disorder, anxiety, impairment in the ADHD comorbid group, and age factors that appeared to be related to selection into treatment.

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Let B_M be the regression coefficient for the community sample, and S_M be its standard error. Let B_L be the comparable coefficient for the clinical sample, and S_L be its standard error. The test statistic, which under the null hypothesis is asymptotically distributed as a standard normal deviate, is \( {z = {\left( {B_{M} - B_{L} } \right)}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{z = {\left( {B_{M} - B_{L} } \right)}} {{\left( {S_{M} ^{2} + S_{L} ^{2} } \right)}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {{\left( {S_{M} ^{2} + S_{L} ^{2} } \right)}}^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} . \)

After adjusting for selection variables, it appears that children with ADHD in both samples might be even less likely to experience grade failure than other children.

Note, however, that caretaker’s childhood I or HI approached significance (p = 0.06) in the community sample.

The strength of the association between CD and ADHD was so much stronger in the community that even the conditional rates of disorder shown in columns 2 and 3 were higher in the community. This was despite the fact that overall rates of both ADHD and CD were lower in the community.

In addition, the previous models were augmented adjusting for demographic variables. However, since the latter did not alter significantly the patterns of associations, the results presented in last column in Table 4 are adjusted only for other comorbid conditions.

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Titel: ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents
Auteurs: José J. Bauermeister
Patrick E. Shrout
Rafael Ramírez
Milagros Bravo
Margarita Alegría
Alfonso Martínez-Taboas
Ligia Chávez
Maritza Rubio-Stipec
Pedro García
Julio C. Ribera
Glorisa Canino
Publicatiedatum: 01-12-2007
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 6/2007
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-007-9141-4

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